Protea cinsi Proteaceae familyasına ait olup yaklaşık 60 cins ve 1400 tür içermektedir. Bu türlerin 800'den fazlası Avustralya, 400'ü ise Afrika kökenlidir. Protea bitkileri farklı şekil ve boyutlarda olup çalı veya ağaç olarak yetişebilir ve özellikle gösterişli çiçekleriyle tanınırlar. En iyi bilinen türlerden biri, büyük ve çarpıcı çiçekleriyle karakterize edilen Kral Protea'dır (Protea cynaroides, Carolus Linnaeu, 1753). Protea bitkileri süs bitkisi olarak yüksek bir değere sahiptir ve uzun vazo ömürleri nedeniyle peyzaj ve çiçek tasarımında tercih edilirler. Bazı türleri etnomedikal amaçlarla da kullanılmaktadır. Tüm Protea cinsine ait türler herdem yeşil olup, gösterişli, yaprak ve çiçek renkleri nedeniyle yetiştiriciliği yaygınlaşmaktadır. Türkiye' de Protea bitkisi yetiştiriciliği genellikle ihracata yönelik olup, sıcak ve kuru iklimin hâkim olduğu, Akdeniz iklimine sahip bölgelerde sınırlı ölçüde yapılmaktadır. Çalışmanın arazi sörveyi, Hatay'ın Kırıkhan ilçesinde, Protea cinsine ait 'Safari Sunset' ve 'Gold Strike' türlerinin yetiştirildiği bir alanda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu alanda yapılan incelemeler sonucunda %50 oranında bitki ölümleri gözlenmiştir. Bahçenin farklı yerlerinden alınan 25 hastalıklı bitki örneğinden laboratuvarda hastalık izolasyonları yapılmış ve PDA besiyerinde 20 farklı izolat elde edilmiştir. Morfolojik teşhis sonucunda Macrophomina Phytophthora, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Diaporthe cinsleri tanımlanmıştır. Moleküler olarak ise Macrophomina phaseolina, Phytophthora cinnamomi, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium acuminatum ve Diaporthe ambugue türleri tanımlanmıştır.
The genus Protea belongs to the family Proteaceae and includes about 60 genera and 1400 species. More than 800 of these species originate from Australia and 400 from Africa. Protea plants come in different shapes and sizes, can grow as shrubs or trees and are particularly recognisable by their showy flowers. One of the best known species is King Protea (Protea cynaroides, Carolus Linnaeu, 1753), characterised by its large and striking flowers. Protea plants have a high value as ornamental plants and are favoured in landscaping and floral design due to their long vase life. Some species are also used for ethnomedical purposes. All species of the genus Protea are evergreen and their cultivation is becoming widespread due to their showy leaf and flower colours. In Turkey Protea cultivation is generally export-oriented and limited in regions with Mediterranean climate, where hot and dry climate prevails. The field survey of the study was carried out in an area where ‘Safari Sunset’ and ‘Gold Strike’ species of Protea genus were grown in Kırıkhan district of Hatay. As a result of the examinations carried out in this area, 50% plant mortality was observed. Disease isolations were made in the laboratory from 25 diseased plant samples taken from different parts of the garden and 20 different isolates were obtained on PDA medium. As a result of morphological diagnosis, Macrophomina Phytophthora, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Diaporthe genera were identified. Molecularly, Macrophomina phaseolina, Phytophthora cinnamomi, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium acuminatum and Diaporthe ambugue species were identified.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Mycology |
Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLE |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 30, 2024 |
Submission Date | October 14, 2024 |
Acceptance Date | November 13, 2024 |
Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 15 Issue: Özel Sayı |
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