The Ottoman period and its reception in Modern Greek historiography

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 470 - 483, 30.09.2020

Emilia Themopoulou

https://doi.org/10.14782/marmarasbd.794872

Abstract

To study the reception of the Ottoman past, we should first begin by periodizing it. For the Greeks, the Ottoman period comprises several sub-periods whose characteristics depend on the mode, the method and the time of conquest, resulting in a multitude of trends in Greek historiography. The reception and interpretation of the Ottoman past in Greece, was affected by the trends of European historiography on the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century, which evolved according to the notions comprising the “East” and “West” dipole. In 20th century, up to roughly 1974, the study and interpretation of the Ottoman past in Greek historiography relied on the use of Greek and Western sources, and in some cases in translated Balkan and Ottoman archival material drawn from the international bibliography. Economic history, influenced by the Annales School, opened up new perspectives for approaching and interpreting history. These developments in the reception and interpretation of history influence the historiographical approach of the Ottoman past. By the late 20th century, new approaches and a pluralism in the interpretation of the Ottoman period in the Greek historiography appeared. Today, studies of and research into the Ottoman period rely mainly on Ottoman and Turkish sources, and this has promoted a deeper understanding of the structures and institutions of the Ottoman and the modern Turkish state. Under these novel approaches, a much more multi-layered interpretation of the Ottoman period emerges. The pursuits of contemporary social history, the use of primary sources and original archival material, and the different methodological approaches have brought researchers closer to the Ottoman reality.

Keywords

Ottoman period, Modern Greek Historiography, the Annales School

Osmanlı Dönemi ve Modern Yunan Tarihyazımında Algılanması

Abstract

Osmanlı geçmişinin kabulünü incelemek için, önce onu periyodize ederek başlamalıyız. Yunanlılar için, Osmanlı dönemi, özellikleri, biçim, fetih ve zamana bağlı olan ve Yunan tarihçiliğinde çok sayıda eğilime neden olan birkaç alt dönemden oluşur.
Yunanistan'da Osmanlı geçmişinin kabulü ve yorumu, “Doğu” ve “Batı” kutuplarını içeren kavramlara göre evrimleşen, 19. yüzyıl Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nu inceleyen Avrupa tarihçiliğinin eğilimlerinden etkilenmiştir. 20. yüzyılda, kabaca 1974'e kadar, Osmanlı tarihinin Yunan tarih yazımında incelenmesi ve yorumlanması, Yunan ve Batı kaynaklarının kullanımına ve bazı durumlarda uluslararası bibliyografyadan çıkarılan tercüme edilmiş Balkan ve Osmanlı arşiv materyallerine dayanıyordu. Diktatörlüğün çöküşünden ve Yunanistan'daki demokrasinin restorasyonundan (1974) sonra, araştırmada yeni yaklaşımlar ve Osmanlı döneminin yorumlanmasına yeni bir bakış ortaya çıktı. Annales Okulu'ndan etkilenen ekonomik tarih, tarihe yaklaşmak ve yorumlamak için yeni perspektifler getirdi. Tarihin kabulü ve yorumlanmasındaki bu gelişmeler, Osmanlı geçmişinin tarihsel yaklaşımını etkilemektedir. Temalar, artık Osmanlı bağlamında kabul edilen ekonomik ve sosyal mekanizmalar aracılığıyla incelenmektedir.. 20. yy sonlarında, Yunan tarih yazımında Osmanlı döneminin yorumlanmasında yeni yaklaşımlar ve çoğulculuk ortaya çıkmıştır. Günümüzde Osmanlı dönemi ile ilgili çalışmalar ve araştırmalar ağırlıklı olarak Osmanlı ve Türk kaynaklarına dayanmaktadır ve bu, Osmanlı ve modern Türk devletinin yapı ve kurumlarını anlamaya yönelik bir derinlik getirmiştir. Toplum çalışmasıyla, kültürel tarih ve günlük yaşamın incelenmesine önem verilmektedir. Bu yeni yaklaşımlar altında, Osmanlı döneminin çok katmanlı bir yorumu daha ortaya çıkmaktadır. Çağdaş sosyal tarihe yönelik arayışlar, birincil kaynakların ve orijinal arşiv materyallerinin kullanımı ve farklı metodolojik yaklaşımlar, araştırmacıları Osmanlı gerçekliğine daha da yaklaştırmıştır.

Keywords

Osmanlı Dönemi, Modern Yunan Tarihyazımı, Annales Okulu

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