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EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

Year 2003, Volume: 16 Issue: 2, 131 - 144, 03.12.2016

Abstract

The effects of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (3-300kFlz) on living beings has been investigated in the last decades since it was demonstrated that there was an increased incidence of childhood leukemia among residences near power lines. Epidemiological and laboratory studies have increased in number since then, however, a definitive cause-effect relationship has not been found yet. The most important reason is a lack of mechanism for the interaction of these nonionizing, non-thermal electromagnetic fields with biological systems. This overview aims to summarize epidemiological and laboratory in vivo and in vitro studies made in this field.
Key Words: ELF-EMF, Non-ionizing
radiation, Signal transduction, Epidemiological

References

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  • 3 9
  • A. inhan-Garip
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  • 4
Year 2003, Volume: 16 Issue: 2, 131 - 144, 03.12.2016

Abstract

References

  • Frey AH. Electromagnetic field interactions with biological systems. FASEB J 1992; 7:272-281.
  • Liboff AR. Geomagnetic cyclotron resonance in living cells. J Ceil Biol Fhys 1985; 13:99- 102.
  • Lawrence AF.Adey RA. Hon-linear wave mechanics in interactions between excitable tissue and electromagnetic fields. ITeurol Res 1982;4:1 15-153.
  • Chiabrera A, Viviani R, Caratoz/.oio F,
  • Giannetti G, Grattarola M, Viviani R. Electric and magnetic field effects on ligand binding to the cell membrane. In: Chiabrera
  • A.Hicolini C Schwan HP, eds. Interactions between electromagnetic fields and cells. Hew York: Plenum Press, 1985:253-281.
  • Bennet WR Jr. Sources of low-frequency fields. In: Bennet WR ed. Health and low- frequency electromagnetic fields. Michigan USA. Yale Univ, 1994:32-93.
  • Azanza MJ.Del Moral A. Cell membrane biochemistry and neurobiological approach to biomagnetism. Progr Hcurobiol 1994; 44:51 7-601
  • Adey WR. Tissue interactions with nonionizing electromagnetic fields.Physiol Rev 1981;61:435-513.
  • Wertheimer H, Leeper E. Electrical wiring configurations and childhood cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1979; 109:273-84.
  • Fulton JP.Cobb S, Preble E, Leone L, Forman
  • E. Electrical wiring configurations and
  • 3 9
  • A. inhan-Garip
  • childhood leukemia in Rhode Island. Am J Epidemiol 1980;l I 1:292-295.
  • Myers A, Cartwright RA, Bonnell JA, Male JC, Cartwright JC. Overhead power lines and childhood cancer. International Conference of Electric and Magnetic Fields in Medicine and Biology. London: December 4-5,126, I EE Conf.Publ.no.257.1985
  • Tomenius I. 50flz electromagnetic environment and the incidence of childhood tumors in Stockholm county. Bioelectromagnetics 1986;7:191 -207.
  • Savitz DA, Wachtel ft, Barnes EA, John EM, TvrdikJG. Case-control study of childhood cancer and exposure to 60liz magnetic fields. Am J Epidemiol 1988; 128:21 -58.
  • Coleman MP,Bell CMJ, Taylor fIL, Primic- Zakelcj M.Leukemia and residence near electricity transmission equipments case- control study. Br J Cancer 1989:60:795-798.
  • London SJ, Thomas DC, Bowman JD, Sobel E, Cheng TC, Peters JM. Exposure to residential electric and magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukemia. Am J Epidemiol 1991,154:925-957.
  • Eeychting M, Ahlbom A. Magnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Swedish high voltage power lines. Am J Epidemiol 1995,158:467-481.
  • Olsen Jfl, Mielsen A, Schulgen O. Residence near high voltage facilities and the risk of cancer in children. Danish Cancer Registry 1995;AG-H IR-26
  • I 7. Verkasalo PR, Pukkala E, Hongisto My, et al. Risk of cancer in Finnish children living close to power lines.Br Med J 1995:507:895-899.
  • Michaelis J.Schuz J, Meinert R, et al. Childhood leukemia and electromagnetic fields: results of a population-based case- control study in Germany. Cancer Causes and Control 1997;8:167-174.
  • Linet MS, Hatch EE, Rleinerman RA, et al. Residential exposure to magnetic fields and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. Hew Engl J Med 1997:555:1-7.
  • Tynes T, Haldorsen T. Electromagnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Horwegian high voltage power lines.Am J Epidemiol 1997;145:219-226.
  • Savitz DA, John EM, Rleckner RC. Magnetic field exposure from electric appliances and childhood cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1990:151:765-775.
  • Li D, Ceckoway H, Mueller BA. Electric blanket use during pregnancy in relation to
  • the risk of congenital urinary tract anomalies among woman with a history of subfertility. Epidemiology 1995:6:485-489.
  • Vena JE, Graham S, Heilman R, Swanson M, Brasure J. Use of electric blankets and risk of post-menapausal breast cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1991;154:180-185.
  • national Academy of Sciences Committee. Possible Health Effects of Exposure to Residential Electric and Magnetic Fields.The national Academy Press 1997.
  • United kingdom cancer Study Investigators. Exposure to power frequency magnetic fields and the risk of childhood cancena case- control study. Lancet 1999:554:1925-1951.
  • Guenel P, Hicolau J, Imbernon E, Chevalier A, Goldberg M. Exposure to 50Hz electric field and incidence of leukemia, brain tumor, and other cancers among French electric utility workers. Am J Epidemiol 1996; 144:1 107-1 1021.
  • Preston-Martin S, Havidi W, Thomas D, Lee PJ, Bowman J, Progoda J. Los Angeles study of residential magnetic fields and childhood brain tumors. Am J Epidemiol 1996; 145:105-1 19.
  • Milham S Jr. Mortality from leukemia in workers exposed to electric and magnetic fields. Hew Engl J Med 1982:507:249.
  • Savitz DA, Ahlbom A. ' Epidemiologic evidence on cancer in relation to residential and occupational exposure. In: Biologic effects of electric and magnetic fields. Vol.2. Hew York: Academic Press, 1994:255-262.
  • Demers PA, Thomas DB, Strenhagen A, et al. Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and breast cancer in men. Am J Epidemiol 1991;152:775-776.
  • Matanoski GM, Breysse PH, Elliott EA. Electromagnetic field exposure and male breast cancer. Lancet 1991;557:775.
  • Tynes T, Andersen A, Langmark F. Incidence of cancer in Horwegian workers potentially exposed to electromagnetic fields. Am J Epidemiol 1992; 156:81 -88.
  • Loomis DP, Savitz DA, Ananth CV. breast cancer mortality among female electrical workers in the United States. J Hat Cancer Inst 1994;86:921-925.
  • Savitz DA, Loomis DP. Magnetic field exposure in relation to leukemia and breast cancer mortality among electrical utility workers. Am J Epidemiol 1995; 141:125- 154.
  • 4 0
  • Effects of ELF electromagnetic fields on biological systems
  • Floderus B, Fersson T, Stenlund C, Wennberg A, Ost A, Knave B. Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields in relation to leukemia and brain tumors: a case-control study in Sweden. Cancer Causes and Control 1993:4:465-476.
  • Theriault S, Goldberg M, Miller AB, et al. Cancer risks associated with occupational exposure to magnetic fields among electric utility workers in Ontarioand Quebec,Canada and France -1970-1989. Am J Epidemiol 1994,139:550-572.
  • Miller AB, To T, Agnew DA, Wall C, Green LM. Leukemia following occupational exposure to 60Hz electric and magnetic fields among Ontario electric utility workers. Am J Epidemiol 1996; 144:150-160.
  • United nations Environmental Programme/ World Health Organization/ International Radiation Protection Association. Extremely low frequency (ELF) Fields. Geneva, World Health Organization. Environmental Health Criteria I984;35.
  • Tenforde TS. Biological interactions of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields. Bioelectrochem Bioenerg 1991;25:1-17.
  • Cook MR, Graham C, Cohen HD, Gerkovich MM. A replication study of human exposure to 60-Hz field effects on neurobehavioral measures. Bioelectromagnetics 1992; 13: 261-285.
  • Graham C, Cook MR, Cohen HD,Gerkovich MM. Dose response study of human exposure to 60-Hz electric and magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 1994; 15:447- 463.
  • Jauchem RJ. Exposure to extremely-low-
  • frequency electromagnetic fields and radiofrequency radiation cardiovascular
  • effects in humans, mt Arch Occup Environ Health 1997;70:9-21.
  • Sander R, Brinkmann J, Kühne B. Laboratory studies on animals and human beings exposed to 50-Hz electric and magnetic fields. CIGRE,international Congress on Large High Voltage Electric Systems, Paris, 1-9 Sept. 1982, CIG RE Paper:36-0I.
  • Ruppe I, Hentschel K, Eggert S, Goltz S. Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Wirkung von 50 Hz magnetfeldern.Schriftenreihe der Bundesanstalt für Arbeitmedizin 1995,11.003.
  • Silny J. The influence treshold of a time- värying magnetic field in the human
  • organism.in: Bernhardt JH,ed. Biological effects of static and extremely-low frequency magnetic fields. Munich, MMV Medizin Verlag 1986,105-112.
  • Tenforde TS. Interaction of ELF magnetic fields with living systems. In: Polk C.Postow E,eds. Biological effects of electromagnetic fields. Boca Raton: FL.CRC Press, 1996:185- 230.
  • Astumian RD, Weaver JC, Adair RK. Rectification and signal avareging of weak electric fields by biological cells. PHAS 1995; 92:3740-3743.
  • Tenforde TS. Cellular and Molecular pathways of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field interactions with living systems. In: Blank M, ed. Electricity and magnetism in biology and medicine.San Fransisco: San Fransisco Press, 1993:1 -8.
  • Sienkiewicz ZJ, Saunders RD, Kowalczuk Ci. The biological effects of exposure to nonionizing electromagnetic fields and radiation:ii Extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields. Chilton, UK: national Radiological Protection Board, 1991, TiRPB R239.
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There are 126 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Ayşe İnhan Garip

Publication Date December 3, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2003 Volume: 16 Issue: 2

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APA İnhan Garip, A. (2016). EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS. Marmara Medical Journal, 16(2), 131-144.
AMA İnhan Garip A. EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS. Marmara Med J. March 2016;16(2):131-144.
Chicago İnhan Garip, Ayşe. “EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS”. Marmara Medical Journal 16, no. 2 (March 2016): 131-44.
EndNote İnhan Garip A (March 1, 2016) EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS. Marmara Medical Journal 16 2 131–144.
IEEE A. İnhan Garip, “EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS”, Marmara Med J, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 131–144, 2016.
ISNAD İnhan Garip, Ayşe. “EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS”. Marmara Medical Journal 16/2 (March 2016), 131-144.
JAMA İnhan Garip A. EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS. Marmara Med J. 2016;16:131–144.
MLA İnhan Garip, Ayşe. “EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS”. Marmara Medical Journal, vol. 16, no. 2, 2016, pp. 131-44.
Vancouver İnhan Garip A. EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS. Marmara Med J. 2016;16(2):131-44.