Tüketicilerin markaların logo ya da amblemlerine karşı tutumlarının marka tercihleri üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmeye çalışıldığı bu araştırma kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle 127 kişi üzerinde gerçekleş- tirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında Türkiye pazarında en popüler olan, biri logo biri de amblem kullanan uluslararası iki spor giyim markası ele alınmıştır. Araştırmada tüketicilerin logo ve amblem kullanan mar- kaların logo ve amblemlerine ilişkin tutumları ile marka tercihleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla korelasyon analizi; tüketicilerin markaların logo ve amblemlerine karşı tutumlarının marka tercihleri üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla ise çoklu regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bu şekilde markanın logo ya da amblem kullanımının marka tercihi üzerindeki etkisi; logoyu kullanan markayı kullanan ya da kullanmayan bireyler ve amblem kullanan markayı kullanan ya da kullanmayan bireyler dikkate alınarak karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir.
Rivers, Charlotte. (2003). Identify: Building Brands Through Letterhead Logo and Business Cards, Switzerland, RotoVision.
Okay, Ayla. (2008) Kurum Kimliği, İstanbul, MediaCat.
Watkins, B. A. & Gonzenbach, W. J. (2013). ‘‘Assessing University Brand Personality Through Logos: An Analysis of the Use of Academics and Athletics in University Branding’’, Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, vol.23, issue.1, pp.15-33.
Henderson, P. W. & Cote, J. A. (1998). ‘‘Guidelines for Selecting or Modifying Logos’’, Journal of Marketing, vol.62, pp.14-30.
Chevalier, M.& Mazzalovo, G. (2004). Pro Logo: Brands as a Factor of Progress, France, Pal- grave.
Airey, D. (2010). Logo Design Love: A guide to Creating Iconic Brand Identities, Berkeley, New Riders.
Klein, N. (2001). No Logo, UK, Flamingo.
Keller, K. L. (1993). ‘‘Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity’’, Journal of Marketing, vol.57, issue.1, pp.1-22.
Rodriguez, L., Asoro, R. L., Lee, S. & Sar, S. (2013). ‘‘Gestalt Principles in Destination Logos and Their Influence on People’s Recognition and Intention to Visit a Country’’, Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, vol.3, issue.1, pp. 91-107.
Becer, E. (2002). İletişim ve Grafik Tasarım, Ankara, Dost Kitabevi.
Keller, K. L. (2008). Strategic Brand Management: Building, Measuring, and Managing Brand Equity, Upper Saddle River, Pearson Education.
Buttle, H. & Westoby, N. (2006). ‘‘Brand Logo and Name Association: It’s all in the Name’’, Applied Cognitive Psychology, vol.20, issue 9, pp.1181-1194.
Babür Tosun, N. (2014). Marka Yönetimi, İstanbul, Beta Basım.
Lury, C. (2004). Brands: The Logos of the Global Economy, UK, Taylor & Francis Routledge.
Solomon, M. R., Bamossy, G. J., Askegaard, S. T. & Hogg, M. K. (2013). Consumer Behaviour: A European Perspective, England, Pearson Education.
Koç, E. (2012). Tüketici Davranışı ve Pazarlama Stratejileri: Global ve Yerel Yaklaşım, Ankara, Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2012.
Odabaşı, Y. & Barış, G. (2007). Tüketici Davranışı, İstanbul, Kapital Medya Hizmetleri,.
Park, C. W., Eisingerich, A. B., Pol, G. & Park, J. W. (2013). ‘‘The Role of Brand Logos in Firm Performance’’, Journal of Business Research, vol.66, pp.180-187.
Arnould, Eric J., Price, L. & Zinkhan, G. M., (2004). Consumers, USA, Mc Graw Hill.
Page, C. & Herr, P. M. (2002). ‘‘An Investigation of the Processes by Which Product Design and Brand Strength Interact to Determine Initial Affect and Quality Judgments’’, Journal of Consumer Psychology, vol.12, issue.2, pp.133-147.
Walsh, M. F., Winterich, K. P. & Mittal, V. (2011). ‘‘How re-designing angular logos to be rounded shapes brand attitude: consumer brand commitment and self-construal’’, Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol.28, no.6 , pp.438– 447.
Gerrard, C., Janssen, M., Smith, L., Hamm, U. & Padel, S. (2013).‘‘UK Consumer Reactions to Organic Certification Logos’’, British Food Journal, vol.115, issue.5, pp.727-742.
Van Riel, C., Van den Ban, A. & Heijmans, E. J. (2011). ‘‘The Added Value of Corporate Logos: An Empirical Study’’. European Journal of Marketing, vol.35, no.3/4, pp.428-440.
Fischer, P. M., Schwartz, M. P., Richards, J. W., Goldstein, A. O. & Rojas, T. H. (1991). ‘‘Brand Logo Recognition by Children Aged 3 to 6 Years’’, The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.266, no.22, pp.3145-3148.
Kopelman, C.A, Roberts, L.M. & Adab, P. (2007). ‘‘Advertising of food to children: is brand logo recognition related to their food knowledge, eating behaviours and food preferences?’’ Journal of Public Health, vol.29, no.4, pp.358-367.
Sirgy, M. J., Grewal, D., Mangleburg, T. F., Park, J., Chon, K., Claiborne, C.B., Johar, J.S. & Berk- man, H. (1994). ‘‘Assessing the Predictive Validity of Two Methods of Measuring Self-Image Congruence’’, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, vol.25, no.3 , pp.229-41.
Westbrook, R. A. & Oliver, R. L.. (1981). ‘‘Developing Better Measures of Consumer Satis- faction: Some Preliminary Results’’, Advances in Consumer Research. Ed: Ann Arbor. MI: Association for Consumer Research, vol.8, issue.1, pp.94-99.
Putrevu, S. & Lord, K. R. (1994). ‘‘Comparative and Noncomparative Advertising: Attitu- dinal Effects Under Cognitive and Affective Involvement Conditions’’, Journal of Adver- tising, vol.23, issue.2, pp.77-90.
Sevda DENEÇLİ – sevda.denecli@nisantasi.edu.tr
Sevda Deneçli graduated from F.M.V. Işık University, Department of Business Administration
in 2004. She got her master degree on Public Relations at Marmara University. In 2012, with
dissertation of ‘’The Role of Brand Extension on Corporate Reputation’’ she got her Ph.D. in the
field of Public Relations at Marmara University. She is Assist. Prof. Dr. in Public Relations and
Advertising at Nişantaşı University. Her research areas are brand, corporate social responsibility and social media.
THE EFFECT OF CONSUMERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS LOGOS OR EMBLEMS ON BRAND PREFERENCE
Year 2015,
Volume: 11 Issue: 44, 319 - 335, 30.09.2015
This study, which has attempted to identify the effects of the attitude of consumers towards the brand logos or emblems on their preference for particular brands, has been carried out on 127 people through convenience sampling. Within the scope of the study, two international sports clothing brands, which are the most popular in the Turkish market, have been discussed, one of these using logos and the other using emblems. In the study, correlation analysis has been used to identify the relationship between the attitudes of consumers towards the logos and emblems of brands which use one or other of them and their preference between brands, while multiple regression analysis has been used to identify the effect of the attitude of consumers towards the logos and emblems of brands on their preference for particular brands. In this manner, the effect of the use of logos or emblems by brands on brand preference is analysed comparatively, by taking into consideration individuals who use or do not use brands which use logos or individuals who use or do not use brands which use emblems.
Rivers, Charlotte. (2003). Identify: Building Brands Through Letterhead Logo and Business Cards, Switzerland, RotoVision.
Okay, Ayla. (2008) Kurum Kimliği, İstanbul, MediaCat.
Watkins, B. A. & Gonzenbach, W. J. (2013). ‘‘Assessing University Brand Personality Through Logos: An Analysis of the Use of Academics and Athletics in University Branding’’, Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, vol.23, issue.1, pp.15-33.
Henderson, P. W. & Cote, J. A. (1998). ‘‘Guidelines for Selecting or Modifying Logos’’, Journal of Marketing, vol.62, pp.14-30.
Chevalier, M.& Mazzalovo, G. (2004). Pro Logo: Brands as a Factor of Progress, France, Pal- grave.
Airey, D. (2010). Logo Design Love: A guide to Creating Iconic Brand Identities, Berkeley, New Riders.
Klein, N. (2001). No Logo, UK, Flamingo.
Keller, K. L. (1993). ‘‘Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity’’, Journal of Marketing, vol.57, issue.1, pp.1-22.
Rodriguez, L., Asoro, R. L., Lee, S. & Sar, S. (2013). ‘‘Gestalt Principles in Destination Logos and Their Influence on People’s Recognition and Intention to Visit a Country’’, Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, vol.3, issue.1, pp. 91-107.
Becer, E. (2002). İletişim ve Grafik Tasarım, Ankara, Dost Kitabevi.
Keller, K. L. (2008). Strategic Brand Management: Building, Measuring, and Managing Brand Equity, Upper Saddle River, Pearson Education.
Buttle, H. & Westoby, N. (2006). ‘‘Brand Logo and Name Association: It’s all in the Name’’, Applied Cognitive Psychology, vol.20, issue 9, pp.1181-1194.
Babür Tosun, N. (2014). Marka Yönetimi, İstanbul, Beta Basım.
Lury, C. (2004). Brands: The Logos of the Global Economy, UK, Taylor & Francis Routledge.
Solomon, M. R., Bamossy, G. J., Askegaard, S. T. & Hogg, M. K. (2013). Consumer Behaviour: A European Perspective, England, Pearson Education.
Koç, E. (2012). Tüketici Davranışı ve Pazarlama Stratejileri: Global ve Yerel Yaklaşım, Ankara, Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2012.
Odabaşı, Y. & Barış, G. (2007). Tüketici Davranışı, İstanbul, Kapital Medya Hizmetleri,.
Park, C. W., Eisingerich, A. B., Pol, G. & Park, J. W. (2013). ‘‘The Role of Brand Logos in Firm Performance’’, Journal of Business Research, vol.66, pp.180-187.
Arnould, Eric J., Price, L. & Zinkhan, G. M., (2004). Consumers, USA, Mc Graw Hill.
Page, C. & Herr, P. M. (2002). ‘‘An Investigation of the Processes by Which Product Design and Brand Strength Interact to Determine Initial Affect and Quality Judgments’’, Journal of Consumer Psychology, vol.12, issue.2, pp.133-147.
Walsh, M. F., Winterich, K. P. & Mittal, V. (2011). ‘‘How re-designing angular logos to be rounded shapes brand attitude: consumer brand commitment and self-construal’’, Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol.28, no.6 , pp.438– 447.
Gerrard, C., Janssen, M., Smith, L., Hamm, U. & Padel, S. (2013).‘‘UK Consumer Reactions to Organic Certification Logos’’, British Food Journal, vol.115, issue.5, pp.727-742.
Van Riel, C., Van den Ban, A. & Heijmans, E. J. (2011). ‘‘The Added Value of Corporate Logos: An Empirical Study’’. European Journal of Marketing, vol.35, no.3/4, pp.428-440.
Fischer, P. M., Schwartz, M. P., Richards, J. W., Goldstein, A. O. & Rojas, T. H. (1991). ‘‘Brand Logo Recognition by Children Aged 3 to 6 Years’’, The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.266, no.22, pp.3145-3148.
Kopelman, C.A, Roberts, L.M. & Adab, P. (2007). ‘‘Advertising of food to children: is brand logo recognition related to their food knowledge, eating behaviours and food preferences?’’ Journal of Public Health, vol.29, no.4, pp.358-367.
Sirgy, M. J., Grewal, D., Mangleburg, T. F., Park, J., Chon, K., Claiborne, C.B., Johar, J.S. & Berk- man, H. (1994). ‘‘Assessing the Predictive Validity of Two Methods of Measuring Self-Image Congruence’’, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, vol.25, no.3 , pp.229-41.
Westbrook, R. A. & Oliver, R. L.. (1981). ‘‘Developing Better Measures of Consumer Satis- faction: Some Preliminary Results’’, Advances in Consumer Research. Ed: Ann Arbor. MI: Association for Consumer Research, vol.8, issue.1, pp.94-99.
Putrevu, S. & Lord, K. R. (1994). ‘‘Comparative and Noncomparative Advertising: Attitu- dinal Effects Under Cognitive and Affective Involvement Conditions’’, Journal of Adver- tising, vol.23, issue.2, pp.77-90.
Sevda DENEÇLİ – sevda.denecli@nisantasi.edu.tr
Sevda Deneçli graduated from F.M.V. Işık University, Department of Business Administration
in 2004. She got her master degree on Public Relations at Marmara University. In 2012, with
dissertation of ‘’The Role of Brand Extension on Corporate Reputation’’ she got her Ph.D. in the
field of Public Relations at Marmara University. She is Assist. Prof. Dr. in Public Relations and
Advertising at Nişantaşı University. Her research areas are brand, corporate social responsibility and social media.
Deneçli, S. (2015). THE EFFECT OF CONSUMERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS LOGOS OR EMBLEMS ON BRAND PREFERENCE. Öneri Dergisi, 11(44), 319-335. https://doi.org/10.14783/od.v11i44.5000080017