The Relationship Between Nutritional Status and Self-Esteem in Adult Women with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 503 - 511, 24.09.2024

Demet Çelik , Serap İncedal Irgat , Yasemin Şanlı , Şule Şahin

https://doi.org/10.37990/medr.1496686

Abstract

Aim: This study was aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional knowledge level and self-esteem in adult women with type 2 diabetes.
Material and Method: The sample of this descriptive cross-sectional study consisted of 387 participants. Data were collected in an endocrinology outpatient clinic via face-to-face interviews. The data collection form consisted of a 'Personal Information Form', 'Nutrition Habits Section', 'Nutrition Knowledge Level and Food Preference Scale', 'Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale'. Number and percentage were used in the SPSS package program. Results that were not normally distributed were evaluated according to non-parametric tests.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 42.00±11.35 years and the educational level of 31.2% was primary school. The mean total score of the scales obtained by the participants was average. In the study, no relationship was found between basic nutrition knowledge level and food preference and self-esteem in adult women with type 2 diabetes.
Conclusion: Basic nutrition knowledge and food preferences of women with Type 2 Diabetes were moderate and their self-esteem was adequate. It is important for health professionals to plan individual trainings by determining the nutritional knowledge levels and food preferences of women, and to ensure that diabetes control and self-esteem are increased in the effective management of diabetes and in the promotion of women's health.

Keywords

Diabetes, nutrition, self-esteem, woman

Ethical Statement

Araştırmanın tüm aşamalarında etik ilkelere uygun davranılmıştır.

References

• Diabetes Atlas. Diabetes around the world in 2021. https://diabetesatlas.org/ access date 20.02.2024
• Kaynarpunar E, Akman M. Determination of nutritional habits, diet quality and eating behaviors of patients with type 2 diabetes. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches. 2021;18:2615-37.
• World Health Organization. Diabetes. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes access date 15.04.2024
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Diabetes and women. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/risk-factors/diabetes-and-women-1.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/library/features/diabetes-and-women.html access date 15.02.2024
• Taşcı B, İpekci N, Asal Ulus C. Medical nutrition approaches in diabetes mellitus. Journal of Samsun Health Sciences. 2022;7:19-28.
• Şeşen F, Çoban AY, Tekin S. Determining relationship the between diet quality and nutritional status in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. Turk J Diab Obes. 2023;7:17-29.
• Özkarabulut HA, Rashidi M, Yıldırım G. Measuring nutritional knowledge levels of diabetes patients Type 2. IGUSABDER. 2021;1:241-57.
• Ruszkiewicz K, Jagielski P, Traczyk I. Glycemic control and awareness among diabetic patients of nutrition recommendations in diabetes. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2020;71:191-6.
• Thewjitcharoen Y, Chotwanvirat P, Jantawan A, et al. Evaluation of dietary intakes and nutritional knowledge in Thai patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Res. 2018;2018:9152910.
• Han Yixian C, Chan Boon CG, Lim SL. et al. Diabetes-related nutrition knowledge and dietary adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a mixed-methods exploratory study. Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare. 2020;29:81-90.
• Erhardt GA. Intuitive eating as a counter-cultural process towards self-actualisation: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of experiences of learning to eat intuitively. Health Psychol Open. 2021;8:20551029211000957.
• Özenoğlu A. Relationship between mood, food and nutrition. ACU Sağlık Bil Derg. 2018. Doi: 10.31067/0.2018.56
• Bohee So, Ki Han Kwon. Differences in body image, dieting behavior, and self-esteem regarding the weight-loss experience of the Republic of Korean workers. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment. 2024;34:584-604.
• Gow ML, Tee MSY, Garnett SP, et al. Pediatric obesity treatment, self-esteem, and body image: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Pediatr Obes. 2020;15:e12600.
• Byth S, Frijters P, Beatton T. The relationship between obesity and self-esteem: longitudinal evidence from Australian adults. Oxford Open Economics. 2022;1:odac009.
• Batmaz H, Güneş FE. Development and validity-reliability study of the nutrition knowledge level scale for adults (YETBİD). 1st International Congress on Active Aging and Intergenerational Solidarity; 2019: İstanbul.
• Tukuş L. The Self Esteem Rating Scale-Short Form Turkish reliability and validity study. Dissertation. Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, 2010.
• Hayran M, Hayran M. Sağlık araştırmaları için temel istatistik. Ankara, Omega Research, 2011;153-72.
• Pallant J. SPSS survival manual: a step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows (Version 12) 6th edition. New York: Open University Press, 2017;146-79.
• Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Using multivariate statistics. Boston: Pearson, 2013;568-90.
• Feskens JME, Bailey R, Bhutta Z, et al. Women’s health: optimal nutrition throughout the lifecycle. Eur J Nutr. 2022;61:1-23.
• Cin P, Tanrıöver Ö. Kadın sağlığında yaşam döngülerine göre beslenme. In: Tanrıöver Ö, ed. Birinci basamakta kadın sağlığı : sosyal ve beşerî açıdan yaklaşım. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri, 2021;100-6.
• Önen N, Güngör EA. Evaluation of diet quality and nutritional knowledge level in pregnant women. J Ankara Univ Fac Med. 2023;76:128-35.
• Bozkurt E, Erdoğan R. Investigation of the nutritional habits of classroom teachers. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches. 2019;13:75-94.
• Çeviker AP, Şekeroğlu MÖ. Determination of the nutritional habits of the primary teacher candidates for the game and physical activities teaching course. Journal of Educational Issues. 2022;8:557-71.
• Akgöz HF, Çöl BG, Koç M, et al. Evaluation of nutrition knowledge levels in university students-athletes. IGUSABDER. 2021;14:227-40.
• Karakuş Kayalı E, Çiçek G. Study the nutrition habits and nutritional knowledge levels of physical education teachers. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2023;14:99-114.
• Chansiri K, Wongphothiphan T. The indirect effects of Instagram images on women’s self-esteem: The moderating roles of BMI and perceived weight. New Media and Society. 2021;25. doi: 10.1177/14614448211029975
• Keskin Y, Akar Y, Erdem Ö, Erol S. The relationship between body mass index with food preference and nutrition knowledge of adults: cross-sectional study. DEUHFED. 2022;15:149-62.
• Du C, Wang W, Hsiao PY, et al. Insufficient sleep and poor sleep quality completely mediate the relationship between financial stress and dietary risk among higher education students. Behav Sci. 2021;11:69.
• Keskin Y, Akar Y, Erdem Ö, Erol S. The relationship between body mass index with food preference and nutrition knowledge of adults: cross-sectional study. Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Nursing Electronic Journal. 2022;15:49-162.
• Sevim K, Artan T. Factors affecting high and low self-esteem.Turkish Journal of Social Policy. 2021;2:109-21.
• Döğücü M, Başer D. Investigation of the relationship between self-esteem, basic personality traits and domestic violence of married woman. Journal of Social Policy Studies. 2021;21:278-313.
• Dağlı SÇ. Healthy lifestyle behaviors in women attending a municipality gym. Gaziantep University Journal of Sports Sciences, 2022;7:153-62.
• Tuncer R, Alican EN, Beyhan A, Kolaç N. Comparison of healthy lifestyle behaviors in adult smokers and nonsmokers. Journal of Public Health Nursing. 2022;4:102-14.
• Haq IU, Liu Y, Liu M, et al. Tian Y.Association of smoking-related knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) with nutritional status and diet quality: a cross-sectional study in China. Biomed Res Int. 2019;2019:5897478.
• Turkish Endocrinology and Metabolism Association. Hypertension diagnosis and treatment guide 2022, https://file.temd.org.tr/Uploads/publications/guides/documents/Hipertansiyon-Kilavuzu-2022.pdf access date 14.04.2024
• Konar N, Şanal A. Kronik Hastalığı olan ve olmayan üniversite çalışanlarının fiziksel aktivite, egzersiz, benlik saygısı ve yaşam kaliteleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi (İnönü Üniversitesi Örneği). Ann Health Sci Res. 2020;1:13-23.
• Ouyang Y, Wang K, Zhang T, et al. The influence of sports participation on body image, self-efficacy, and self-esteem in college students. Front Psychol. 2020;10:3039.
• Durak E, Yılmaz M. Tip 2 diyabetes mellitus tanılı bireylerin beslenme okuryazarlığı ile öz-etkililik ve diyabet öz bakım aktiviteleri ilişkisi. HUHEMFAD. 2022;9:57-63.