<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Maliye ve Finans Yazıları</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1308-6014</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">3062-2565</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Maliye ve Finans Yazıları Yayıncılık Ltd. Şti.</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33203/mfy.1396689</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Monetary Policy</subject>
                                                            <subject>Finance</subject>
                                                            <subject>Financial Econometrics</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Para Politikası</subject>
                                                            <subject>Finans</subject>
                                                            <subject>Finansal Ekonometri</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Ekonomi Politikası ve Para Politikası Belirsizliklerinin Yatırımcı Davranışı Üzerine Etkisi: Yeni Sanayileşmiş Ülkeler Örneği</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>The Effect of Economic Policy and Monetary Policy Uncertainties on Investor Behavior: Example of Newly Industrialized Countries</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8558-2032</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Münyas</surname>
                                    <given-names>Turgay</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>OKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-5673</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kadooğlu Aydın</surname>
                                    <given-names>Gülden</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>HARRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20250401">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>01</month>
                    <year>2025</year>
                </pub-date>
                                                    <issue>123</issue>
                                        <fpage>64</fpage>
                                        <lpage>91</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20231127">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>27</month>
                        <year>2023</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20250321">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>21</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1986, Journal of Finance Letters</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1986</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Finance Letters</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Belirsizlikler, finansal piyasa katılımcılarının kararlarını etkileyerek birçok makroekonomik faktörü olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Söz konusu belirsizlikler, makroekonomik faktörlerdeki bozulmaları tetikleyerek ekonomi politikası yapıcılarının karar alma süreçlerini zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu durum, finansal piyasa katılımcılarını ekonomi politikası belirsizliği ve para politikası belirsizliği olmak üzere iki ana belirsizlik türü ile karşı karşıya bırakmaktadır. Söz konusu belirsizlikler, sermaye piyasalarında yatırım yapan yatırımcıların davranışları üzerinde endişe yaratmakta ve finansal piyasalarda dalgalanmalara neden olmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı, ekonomi politikası belirsizliğinin ve para politikası belirsizliğinin borsa yatırımcılarının davranışları üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Çalışma, Mart 2009 ile Mart 2023 arasındaki döneme ait veriler kullanılarak Westerlund (2008) Panel Eşbütünleşme Testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Analizin ilk aşamasında, para politikası belirsizliğinin yatırımcı davranışları üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışma kapsamında ekonomi politikası belirsizliği endeksi de incelenerek belirsizliklerin tutarlı etkileri sorgulanmıştır. Sonuçlar, ekonomi politikası ve para politikası belirsizliklerinin yatırımcı davranışlarını olumsuz yönde etkilediğini göstermiştir. Ek olarak, ekonomi politikası belirsizliğinin para politikası belirsizliğine kıyasla daha olumsuz etkilere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Uncertainties negatively affects many macroeconomic factors by affecting the decisions of financial market participants. These uncertainties trigger deteriorations in macroeconomic factors, making the decision-making processes of economic policy makers difficult. This situation leaves financial market participants faced with two main types of uncertainty: economic policy uncertainty and monetary policy uncertainty. These uncertainties create concern about the behavior of investors investing in capital markets and cause fluctuations in financial markets. The aim of the research is to examine the effect of economic policy uncertainty and monetary policy uncertainty on the behavior of stock market investors. The study was analyzed with Westerlund (2008) Panel Cointegration Test using data for the period between March 2009 and March 2023. In the first stage of the analysis, the negative effects of monetary policy uncertainty on investor behavior were identified. In addition, within the scope of the study, the economic policy uncertainty index was also examined and the consistent effects of uncertainties were questioned. The results showed that economic policy and monetary policy uncertainties negatively affect investor behavior. In addition, it has been determined that economic policy uncertainty has more negative effects than monetary policy uncertainty.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Merkez Bankası</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Para Politikası Belirsizliği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Ekonomi Politikası Belirsizliği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Yatırımcı Davranışı.</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Monetary Policy Uncertainty</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Economic Policy Uncertainty</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Investor Behavior.</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Panel Cointegration Test</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ahmed, M. Y., &amp; Sarkodie, S. A. (2021). COVID-19 Pandemic and Economic Policy Uncertainty Regimes Affect Commodity Market Volatility. Resources Policy, 74, 102303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2021.102303</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aktan, C. C. (2010). Monetarizm ve Rasyonel Beklentiler Teorisi. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1), 168-182.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Alqahtani, A., &amp; Martinez, M. (2020). US Economic Policy Uncertainty and GCC Stock Market. Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, 27(3), 415-425.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Arıcan, E. (1999). Çağdaş Iktisadi Düşünce Okullarına Teorik Yaklaşım. Öneri Dergisi, 2(12), 101-108. https://doi.org/10.14783/maruoneri.685249</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Arratibel, O., &amp; Michaelis, H. (2014). The impact of monetary policy and exchange rate shocks in Poland: Evidence from a time-varying VAR. ECB Working Paper No. 1636</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Baker, S. R., Bloom, N., &amp; Davis, S. J. (2013). Has Economic Policy Uncertainty Hampered the Recovery?. Government Policies and the Delayed Economic Recovery, 39. Baltagi, B. H. (2008). Econometric analysis of panel data (Vol. 4). Chichester: Wiley.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Baker, S. R., Bloom, N., &amp; Davis, S. J. (2016). Measuring economic policy uncertainty. The quarterly journal of economics, 131(4), 1593-1636.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Baltagi, B. H., Feng, Q., &amp; Kao, C. (2011). Testing for Sphericity in a Fixed Effects Panel Data Model. The Econometrics Journal, 14(1), 25-47. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1368-423X.2010.00331.x</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Barbieri, L. (2009). Panel Unit Root Tests Under Cross-Sectional Dependence: An overview. Journal of Statistics: Advances in Theory and Applications, 1(2), 117-158.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Batabyal, S., &amp; Killins, R. (2021). Economic policy uncertainty and stock market returns: Evidence from Canada. The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, 24, e00215.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bayar, G. (2011). Causes of Corruption: Dynamic Panel Data Analysis of Some Post Soviet Countries and East Asian Countries. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 27(1). https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v27i1.912</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bhuiyan, R. (2012). The Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks in Bangladesh: A Bayesian Structural VAR Approach. International Economic Journal, (26) June: 301-316. https://doi.org/10.1080/10168737.2011.552514</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Biçici, K. (2015). Para Politikaları Şoklarının Hâsıla ve Fiyat Düzeyi Üzerindeki Asimetrik Etkiler: Orta Asya ve Balkan Kültürleri Uygulaması [Yüksek lisans tezi]. Başkent Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Breusch, T. S., &amp; Pagan, A. R. (1980). The Lagrange Multiplier Test and Its Applications To Model Specification In Econometrics. The Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), 239-253. https://doi.org/10.2307/2297111</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Camgöz, M. (2022). Global Belirsizlik Faktörlerinin BIST Hisse Senedi Fiyatlarına Asimetrik Etkilerinin NARDL Modeliyle Analizi. Maliye Ve Finans Yazıları(118), 71-100. https://doi.org/10.33203/mfy.1103403</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çadırcı, Ç., &amp; Kaya, L. (2023). Yeni Sanayileşmiş Ülkelerde (Nic) Wagner Yasasi Ve Keynesyen Hipotezinin Geçerliliğinin Fourier Nedensellik Analizi İle İncelenmesi. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 24(1), 293-306. https://doi.org/10.31671/doujournal.1189303</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cai, Y. (2018). Predictive Power of US Monetary Policy Uncertainty Shock on Stock Returns in Australia and New Zealand. Australian Economic Papers, 57(4), 470-488.https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8454.12130</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ceylan, F. (2025). Para Politikaları Belirsizlikleri Hisse Senedi Getirilerini Nasıl Etkiliyor? Türkiye Örneği. Optimum Ekonomi Ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(1), 121-141. https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.1573944</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çiğdem, G., &amp; Altaylar, M. (2020). Cointegration Evidences From The New Fragile Five. Journal of Life Economics, 7(3), 269-282. https://doi.org/10.15637/jlecon.7.020</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cihangir, Ç. K., &amp; Koçoğlu, Ş. (2022). Oil Prices, Economic Policy Uncertainty and Stock Market Returns in Oil Importing Countries: The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 40(1), 144-163. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.933167</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Di Iorio, F., &amp; Fachin, S. (2008). A note on the estimation of long-run relationships in dependent cointegrated panels.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Eğilmez, M., (2020), Para politikası araçları el kitabı, https://www.mahfiegilmez.com/2020/09/para-politikas-araclar-el-kitab.html, Çevrimiçi, 15/06/2024).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Eichenbaum, M., and C. L. Evans. (1995). Some Empirical Evidence on the Effects of Shocks to Monetary Policy on Exchange Rates. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 110:975–1009.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Engle, R. F., &amp; Granger, C. W. (1987). Co-integration and Error Correction: Representation, Estimation, and Testing. Econometrica: journal of the Econometric Society, 251-276. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913236</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Faust, J., Rogers, J. H., Swanson, E., &amp; Wright, J. (2002). Identifying the Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks on Exchange Rates using Fed Funds Futures Data. working paper May.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Faust, J., Rogers, JH, Swanson, E. ve Wright, JH (2003). Determining the Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks On Exchange Rates Using High-Frequency Data. Journal of the European Economic Association , 1 (5), 1031-1057.  https://doi.org/10.1162/154247603770383389</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Granger, C. W., &amp; Newbold, P. (1974). Spurious Regressions In Econometrics. Journal of econometrics, 2(2), 111-120.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Güloğlu, B., &amp; İspir, M. S. (2011). Doğal işsizlik oranı mı? İşsizlik histerisi mi? Türkiye için sektörel panel birim kök sınaması analizi. Ege Akademik Bakış, 11(2), 205-215.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Guloglu, B., Tekin, R. B., &amp; Saridogan, E. (2012). Economic Determinants of Technological Progress in G7 Countries: A Re-Examination. Economics Letters, 116(3), 604-608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2012.06.012</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gürsoy, S., &amp; Zeren, F. (2022). Ekonomik Politika Belirsizliği ve Borsa İlişkisi: G7 ve BRIC Ülkeleri Örneği. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, (61), 353-368.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Haq, I. U., Ferreira, P., Quintino, D. D., Huynh, N., &amp; Samantreeporn, S. (2023). Economic Policy Uncertainty, Energy and Sustainable Cryptocurrencies: Investigating Dynamic Connectedness during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Economies, 11(3), 76. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11030076</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Holden, P., Anderson, M., Eckardt, F., Ziervogel, G., Jack, S. L., New, M. G., ... &amp; Hoffman, M. T. (2024). Importance of methodological pluralism in deriving counterfactuals for evidence‐based conservation. Conservation Biology, 38(3), e14285.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ilgın, K. S. (2022). Ulusal Ekonomik Politika Belirsizliği ile Borsa Endeksleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Seçilmiş Avrupa Ülkeleri için Ampirik Bir Analiz. Journal of Economic Policy Researches, 9(2), 455-474.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Irandoust, A. H. J. M., &amp; Hatemi, A. (2005). Foreign aid and economic growth: new evidence from panel cointegration. Journal of economic development, 30(1), 71-80.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kao, C. (1999). Spurious regression and residual-based tests for cointegration in panel data. Journal of econometrics, 90(1), 1-44.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Karaçor, Z. (2014). Rasyonel Beklentiler Kuraminda Enflasyon. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 1(3), 143-150.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kartal, M. T., Depren, Ö., &amp; Depren, S. K. (2021). Do Monetary Policy Measures Affect Foreign Exchange Rates during the COVID-19 Pandemic? Evidence from Turkey (preprint).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Klein, M. (2015). Inequality and household debt: a panel cointegration analysis. Empirica, 42, 391-412.-</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Korkmaz, Ö., &amp; Güngör, S. (2018). Küresel ekonomi politika belirsizliğinin borsa istanbul’da işlem gören seçilmiş endeks getirileri üzerindeki etkisi. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(ICEESS’18), 211-219.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nirola, N., &amp; Sahu, S. (2020). Revisiting the Wagner’s law for Indian states using second generation panel cointegration. Economic Change and Restructuring, 53(2), 241-263.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Oktar, S., &amp; Dalyancı, L. (2015). Türkiye Ekonomisinde Para Politikasının Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 32(1), 1-18.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ongan, S. ve Göçer, İ. (2021). Japonya Için Para Politikası Belirsizlikleri Ve Para Talebi: Doğrusal Olmayan ARDL Yaklaşımı. Asya Pasifik Ekonomi Dergisi , 26 (1), 1-12.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Özkan, N. (2024). Kripto Para Piyasası İle Küresel Ekonomi Politikası Belirsizliği Endeksi Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisinin Analizi. Muhasebe Ve Finans İncelemeleri Dergisi, 7(2), 100-111. https://doi.org/10.32951/mufider.1466612</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref44">
                        <label>44</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Park, D., Qureshi, I., Tian, S., &amp; Villaruel, M. L. (2020). Impact of US Monetary Policy Uncertainty On Asian Exchange Rates. Economic Change and Restructuring, 1-10  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-020-09307-3</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref45">
                        <label>45</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Park, D., Qureshi, I., Tian, S., &amp; Villaruel, M. L. (2020). Impact of US monetary policy uncertainty on Asian exchange rates. Economic Change and Restructuring, 73–82 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-020-09307-3</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref46">
                        <label>46</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Park, W. Y., &amp; Kim, J. Y. (2021). Impact of Uncertainty Created by the US post-QE Monetary policy on Emerging Economies. Seoul Journal of Economics, 34(4).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref47">
                        <label>47</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pedroni, P. (1995). Panel cointegration. Asymptotic and Finite Sample Properties of Pooled Time Series Tests with an Application to the PPP Hypothesis, Indiana University.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref48">
                        <label>48</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pedroni, P. (2004). Panel Cointegration: Asymptotic and Finite Sample Properties of Pooled Time Series Tests with An Application To The PPP hypothesis. Econometric Theory, 20(3), 597-625. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266466604203073</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref49">
                        <label>49</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Peng, G., Huiming, Z., &amp; Wanhai, Y. (2018). Asymmetric Dependence Between Economic Policy Uncertainty and Stock Market Returns In G7 and BRIC: A Quantile Regression Approach. Finance Research Letters, 25, 251-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2017.11.001</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref50">
                        <label>50</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pesaran, M. H. (2007). A Simple Panel Unit Root Test In The Presence of Cross‐Section Dependence. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 22(2), 265-312. https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.951</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref51">
                        <label>51</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., &amp; Smith, R. P. (1999). Pooled Mean Group Estimation Of Dynamic Heterogeneous Panels. Journal of the American statistical Association, 94(446), 621-634. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1999.10474156</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref52">
                        <label>52</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pesaran, M. H., Ullah, A., &amp; Yamagata, T. (2008). A Bias‐aAjusted LM Test of Error Cross‐Section Independence. The Econometrics Journal, 11(1), 105-127. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1368-423X.2007.00227.x</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref53">
                        <label>53</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sumer, S., &amp; Mola, H. (2022). Karar Verme Eğilimlerinde Eleştirel Düşünme Becerisinin Etkisi. Turkish Business Journal, 3(6), 87-102. https://doi.org/10.51727/tbj.1199873</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref54">
                        <label>54</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tatoğlu, F. Y. (2017). Panel Zaman Serileri Analizi. İstanbul: Beta Yayınları, (s 237).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref55">
                        <label>55</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ülke, V., &amp; Berument, MH (2016). Para Politikası Şoklarının Ekonomik Performans Üzerindeki Asimetrik Etkileri: Türkiye&#039;den Ampirik Kanıtlar. Uygulamalı Ekonomi Mektupları, 23 (5), 353-360.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref56">
                        <label>56</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Turnacıgil, S. (2024). Borçlanma Kararlarında Ekonomi Politikası Belirsizliğinin Rolü. Politik Ekonomik Kuram, 8(4), 1119-1134. https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.1555725</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref57">
                        <label>57</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Westerlund, J. (2008). Panel Cointegration Tests of The Fisher Effect. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 23(2), 193-233. https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.967</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref58">
                        <label>58</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Westerlund, J., &amp; Edgerton, D. L. (2008). A simple test for cointegration in dependent panels with structural breaks. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and statistics, 70(5), 665-704.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref59">
                        <label>59</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yılancı, V., Tıraşoğlu, M., &amp; Arı, A. (2016). Para Politikası Şoklarının Etkisi: Asimetrik Etki Tepki İşlevi Yaklaşımı. Ekonomik Yaklaşım , 27 (100).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref60">
                        <label>60</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yıldırım, H., Akdağ, S., &amp; Kaya, İ. G. (2023). ABD Para Politikaları Belirsizliğinin Pay Senedi Getirileri Üzerine Etkisi: BİST100 Örneği. Maliye Ve Finans Yazıları(120), 231-246. https://doi.org/10.33203/mfy.1328940</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref61">
                        <label>61</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yılmaz Özekenci, S. (2024). Ekonomik Politika Belirsizliği Endeksi İle Borsa Endeksleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: OECD Ülkeleri Örneği. Maliye Ve Finans Yazıları(121), 217-234. https://doi.org/10.33203/mfy.1386682</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref62">
                        <label>62</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ziaei, S. M. 2014. Evaluating The Effects Of Monetary Policy Shocks On Aggregate Demand Components in GCC Countries: Evidence from Svar. The Journal of Developing Areas, Winter: 405-423.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
