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Evaluation of coping strategies of male patients, being treated in internet addiction outpatient clinic in Turkey

Year 2014, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 14 - 9, 08.10.2014
https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20131213042312

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the coping strategies of male internet addicts with a healthy control group. Methods: Fifty male patients presented to our internet addiction outpatient clinic who were clinically diagnosed as internet addict and 50 healthy male without internet addiction who had similar sociodemographic characteristics have been included in the study. The patients were assessed by sociodemographical and clinical interview form, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Coping Inventory (COPE). Results: The mean daily duration of internet use, IAT scores, and BDI scores in the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.001). The scores of coping strategies as problem focused, using instrumental social support (p<0.05), active coping, planning (p<0.001), emotional focused, positive reinterpretation and growth, turning to religion (p<0.001), use of emotional social support, focusing on and venting of emotions (p<0.05) were significantly higher, while the scores of humour, dysfunctional, mental disengagement, denial, behavioral disengagement, alcohol-drug disengagement were significantly lower in the control group (p>0.05). After controlling the confounding effect of depression; the mean scores of coping strategies as humour, mental disengagement, denial, alcohol-drug disengagement, and total dysfunctional were not significantly different between the groups anymore (p>0.05), but mean acceptance score in the control group became significantly higher (p<0.05). Conclusions: There are some differences among patients with internet addiction in terms of coping strategies. Our study is one of the first studies that have investigated coping strategies among patients with internet addiction. Considering coping strategies may be helpful when evaluating patients with internet addiction.

References

  • 1. Young KS. Internet Addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsychol Behav. 1998;1:237-44.
  • 2. Şenormancı Ö, Konkan R, Sungur MZ. Internet addiction and its cognitive behavioral therapy. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry. 2010;11:261-8.
  • 3. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (fifth ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2000
  • 4. Folkman S, Lazarus RS, Gruen RJ, DeLongis A. Appraisal, coping, health status, and psychological symptoms. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986;50:571-9.
  • 5. Lazarus RS. From psychological stress to the emotions: a history of changing outlooks. Annu Rev Psychol. 1993;44:1-21.
  • 6. Rohde P, Lewinsohn PM, Tilson M, Seeley JR. Dimensionality of coping and its relation to depression. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1990;58:499-511.
  • 7. Hetzel-Riggin MD, Pritchard JR. Predicting problematic Internet use in men and women: the contributions of psychological distress, coping style, and body esteem. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2011;14:519-25.
  • 8. Young KS. Caught in the net: How to recognize the signs of Internet addiction and a winning strategy for recovery, New York: John Wiley; 1998.
  • 9. Balta ÖÇ, Horzum MB. Internet addiction test. Educational Science and Practice. 2008;7:87-102 (in Turkish).
  • 10. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4:561-71.
  • 11. Hisli N. Beck A study on the validity of Beck Depression Inventory. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 1988;6:118-26 (in Turkish).
  • 12. Carver CS, Scheier MF, Weintraub JK. Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989;56:267-83.
  • 13. Agargun MY, Beşiroglu L, Kıran UK, Özer ÖK, Kara H. The psychometric properties of the COPE inventory in Turkish sample: a preliminary research. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry. 2005;6:221-6 (in Turkish).
  • 14. Endler N, Parker J. Assessment of multidimensional coping: Task, emotion, and avoidance strategies. Psychol Assess. 1994;6:50-60.
  • 15. Carli V, Durkee T, Wasserman D, Hadlaczky G, Despalins R, Kramarz E, et al. The Association between Pathological Internet Use and Comorbid Psychopathology: A Systematic Review. Psychopathology 2013;46:1-13.
  • 16. Lazarus RS, Folkman S. Stress Appraisal, and Coping, New York: Springer Publishing; 1984.
  • 17. Folkman S, Lazarus RS. If it changes, it must be a process: study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1985;48:150-70.
  • 18. Britton PC. The relation of coping strategies to alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences in a college sample. Addict Res Theory. 2004;12:103-14.
  • 19. Cooper ML. Motivations for alcohol use among adolescents: Development and validation of a four-factor model. Psychol Assess. 1994;6:117-28.
  • 20. Treynor W, Gonzalez R, Nolen-Hoeksema S. Rumination reconsidered: a psychometric analysis. Cognit Ther Res. 2003;27:247-59.
  • 21. Merrill JE, Thomas SE. Interactions between adaptive coping and drinking to cope in predicting naturalistic drinking and drinking following a lab-based psychosocial stressor. Addict Behav. 2013;38:1672-8.
  • 22. Folkman S, Lazarus RS, Dunkel-Schetter C, DeLongis A, Gruen RJ. Dynamics of a stressful encounter: cognitive appraisal, coping, and encounter outcomes. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986;50:992-1003.

Türkiye’deki internet bağımlılığı polikliniğinde tedavi edilen erkek hastalarda, başa çıkma tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi

Year 2014, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 14 - 9, 08.10.2014
https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20131213042312

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı erkek internet bağımlılarının başa çıkma tutumlarının sağlıklı gönüllülerdekilerle karşılaştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: İnternet bağımlılığı polikliniğimize başvuran, klinik olarak internet bağımlılığı tanısı alan elli erkek hasta ve benzer sosyodemografik özelliklere sahip internet bağımlılığı olmayan elli sağlıklı erkek çalışmaya alınmıştır. Hastalar sosyodemografik ve klinik veri formu, İnternet Bağımlılığı Testi (İBT), Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE) Başa Çıkma Tutumlarını Değerlendirme Ölçeği (COPE) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Hasta grubunun günlük internet kullanım süresi, İBT puanları ve BDE puanları kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.001). Kontrol grubunda sorun odaklı başa çıkma tutumlarından yararlı sosyal destek kullanımı (p<0.05), aktif başa çıkma, plan yapma (p<0.001), duygusal odaklı başa çıkma tutumlarından pozitif yeniden yorumlama ve gelişme, dini olarak başa çıkma (p<0.001), duygusal sosyal destek kullanımı, soruna odaklanma ve duyguları açığa vurma (p<0.05) strateji puanları anlamlı düzeyde yüksek iken, şakaya vurma, işlevsel olmayan başa çıkma tutumlarından zihinsel boş verme, inkâr, davranışsal olarak boş verme, alkol-madde kullanımı kontrol grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde düşük bulunmuştur (p>0.05). Depresyonun karıştırıcı etkisi kontrol altına alındığında şakaya vurma, zihinsel boş verme, inkâr, alkol-madde kullanımı, toplam işlevsel olmayan baş etme tutumları puanlarında anlamlı düzeyde farklı bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Ancak kontrol grubunda kabullenme istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Sonuç: İnternet bağımlılığı olan hastalarda başa çıkma tutumlarında bazı farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Çalışmamız baş etme tutumlarının araştırıldığı hasta grubu üzerinde yapılan ilk çalışmalardan biridir. Baş etme tutumlarının göz önünde bulundurulması internet bağımlılığı olan hastaların değerlendirilmesine yararlı olabilir.

References

  • 1. Young KS. Internet Addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsychol Behav. 1998;1:237-44.
  • 2. Şenormancı Ö, Konkan R, Sungur MZ. Internet addiction and its cognitive behavioral therapy. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry. 2010;11:261-8.
  • 3. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (fifth ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2000
  • 4. Folkman S, Lazarus RS, Gruen RJ, DeLongis A. Appraisal, coping, health status, and psychological symptoms. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986;50:571-9.
  • 5. Lazarus RS. From psychological stress to the emotions: a history of changing outlooks. Annu Rev Psychol. 1993;44:1-21.
  • 6. Rohde P, Lewinsohn PM, Tilson M, Seeley JR. Dimensionality of coping and its relation to depression. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1990;58:499-511.
  • 7. Hetzel-Riggin MD, Pritchard JR. Predicting problematic Internet use in men and women: the contributions of psychological distress, coping style, and body esteem. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2011;14:519-25.
  • 8. Young KS. Caught in the net: How to recognize the signs of Internet addiction and a winning strategy for recovery, New York: John Wiley; 1998.
  • 9. Balta ÖÇ, Horzum MB. Internet addiction test. Educational Science and Practice. 2008;7:87-102 (in Turkish).
  • 10. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4:561-71.
  • 11. Hisli N. Beck A study on the validity of Beck Depression Inventory. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 1988;6:118-26 (in Turkish).
  • 12. Carver CS, Scheier MF, Weintraub JK. Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989;56:267-83.
  • 13. Agargun MY, Beşiroglu L, Kıran UK, Özer ÖK, Kara H. The psychometric properties of the COPE inventory in Turkish sample: a preliminary research. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry. 2005;6:221-6 (in Turkish).
  • 14. Endler N, Parker J. Assessment of multidimensional coping: Task, emotion, and avoidance strategies. Psychol Assess. 1994;6:50-60.
  • 15. Carli V, Durkee T, Wasserman D, Hadlaczky G, Despalins R, Kramarz E, et al. The Association between Pathological Internet Use and Comorbid Psychopathology: A Systematic Review. Psychopathology 2013;46:1-13.
  • 16. Lazarus RS, Folkman S. Stress Appraisal, and Coping, New York: Springer Publishing; 1984.
  • 17. Folkman S, Lazarus RS. If it changes, it must be a process: study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1985;48:150-70.
  • 18. Britton PC. The relation of coping strategies to alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences in a college sample. Addict Res Theory. 2004;12:103-14.
  • 19. Cooper ML. Motivations for alcohol use among adolescents: Development and validation of a four-factor model. Psychol Assess. 1994;6:117-28.
  • 20. Treynor W, Gonzalez R, Nolen-Hoeksema S. Rumination reconsidered: a psychometric analysis. Cognit Ther Res. 2003;27:247-59.
  • 21. Merrill JE, Thomas SE. Interactions between adaptive coping and drinking to cope in predicting naturalistic drinking and drinking following a lab-based psychosocial stressor. Addict Behav. 2013;38:1672-8.
  • 22. Folkman S, Lazarus RS, Dunkel-Schetter C, DeLongis A, Gruen RJ. Dynamics of a stressful encounter: cognitive appraisal, coping, and encounter outcomes. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986;50:992-1003.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Omer Senormanci This is me

Ramazan Konkan This is me

Oya Guclu This is me

Guliz Senormanci This is me

Publication Date October 8, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Senormanci, O., Konkan, R., Guclu, O., Senormanci, G. (2014). Türkiye’deki internet bağımlılığı polikliniğinde tedavi edilen erkek hastalarda, başa çıkma tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Mood Disorders, 4(1), 14-9. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20131213042312
AMA Senormanci O, Konkan R, Guclu O, Senormanci G. Türkiye’deki internet bağımlılığı polikliniğinde tedavi edilen erkek hastalarda, başa çıkma tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Mood Disorders. January 2014;4(1):14-9. doi:10.5455/jmood.20131213042312
Chicago Senormanci, Omer, Ramazan Konkan, Oya Guclu, and Guliz Senormanci. “Türkiye’deki Internet bağımlılığı polikliniğinde Tedavi Edilen Erkek Hastalarda, başa çıkma tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi”. Journal of Mood Disorders 4, no. 1 (January 2014): 14-9. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20131213042312.
EndNote Senormanci O, Konkan R, Guclu O, Senormanci G (January 1, 2014) Türkiye’deki internet bağımlılığı polikliniğinde tedavi edilen erkek hastalarda, başa çıkma tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Mood Disorders 4 1 14–9.
IEEE O. Senormanci, R. Konkan, O. Guclu, and G. Senormanci, “Türkiye’deki internet bağımlılığı polikliniğinde tedavi edilen erkek hastalarda, başa çıkma tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi”, Journal of Mood Disorders, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 14–9, 2014, doi: 10.5455/jmood.20131213042312.
ISNAD Senormanci, Omer et al. “Türkiye’deki Internet bağımlılığı polikliniğinde Tedavi Edilen Erkek Hastalarda, başa çıkma tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi”. Journal of Mood Disorders 4/1 (January 2014), 14-9. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20131213042312.
JAMA Senormanci O, Konkan R, Guclu O, Senormanci G. Türkiye’deki internet bağımlılığı polikliniğinde tedavi edilen erkek hastalarda, başa çıkma tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Mood Disorders. 2014;4:14–9.
MLA Senormanci, Omer et al. “Türkiye’deki Internet bağımlılığı polikliniğinde Tedavi Edilen Erkek Hastalarda, başa çıkma tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi”. Journal of Mood Disorders, vol. 4, no. 1, 2014, pp. 14-9, doi:10.5455/jmood.20131213042312.
Vancouver Senormanci O, Konkan R, Guclu O, Senormanci G. Türkiye’deki internet bağımlılığı polikliniğinde tedavi edilen erkek hastalarda, başa çıkma tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Mood Disorders. 2014;4(1):14-9.