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Seasonal Changes in the Chemical Composition of the Beadlet Anemones (Actinia equina) from Mersin Bay, Northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey

Year 2017, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 11 - 20, 20.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.28978/nesciences.328853

Abstract

In this study, the effects of seasonal variation in proximate composition and fatty acid profile as a component of chemical compositions of Mediterranean Sea anemone species (Actinia equina L.,1758) living in Mersin Bay were investigated. Chemical composition analysis of anemone samples showed that while the highest levels of protein and water were obtained in winter, the highest lipid and total mineral substance (TMS) levels were obtained in autumn. In terms of fatty acid analysis, during all four seasons the dominant saturated fatty acids (SFA) were palmitic (C16:0) and stearic acids (C18:0), the dominant monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were oleic (C18:1n9) and vaccenic acids (C18:1n7) and the dominant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were linoleic acids (C18:2n6), linolenic acid (C18:3n3), gamma linolenic acid (C18:3n6), arachidonic acid (C20:4n6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n3) for A. equina. The highest values of gamma linolenic acid, EPA and DHA levels were obtained in autumn as 0.44%, 14.83% and 14.10%, respectively.

References

  • AOAC, (1995). Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, Association of Official Analytical chemists, Arlington, VA.
  • Bergé J.P., Barnathan G. (2005). Fatty acids from lipids of marine organisms: Molecular biodiversity, roles as biomarkers, biologically active compounds and economical aspects. Adv Biochem Engin/Biotechnol, 96: 49-125.
  • Bligh E.G., Dyer W.J. (1959). A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, 37: 911-917.
  • Chintiroglou C., Koukouras A. (1992). The feeding habits of three Mediterranean Sea anemone species, Anemonia viridis (Forskål), Actinia equina (Linnaeus 1758) and Cereus pedunculatus (Pennant). Helgoländer Meeresun, 46 (1): 53-68.
  • Chomsky O., Kamenir Y., Hyams M., Dubinsky Z., Chadwick-Furman N.E. (2004a). Effects of temperature on growth rate and body size in the Mediterranean Sea anemone Actinia equina. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 313 (1): 63-73.
  • Chomsky O., Kamenir Y., Hyams M., Dubinsky, Z., Chadwick-Furman N.E. (2004b). Effects of feeding regime on growth rate in the Mediterranean Sea anemone Actinia equina (Linnaeus). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 299 (2): 217-229.
  • Chomsky O., Douek J., Chadwick N.E., Dubinsky Z., Rinkevich B. (2009). Biological and population-genetic aspects of the sea anemone Actinia equina (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) along theMediterranean coast of Israel. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 375: 16-20.
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  • Hayward, P.J., Ryland J.S. (1995). Handbook of the Marine Fauna of North-West Europe, 125. Ichibara K., Shibahara A., Yamamoto K., Nakayama T. (1996). An improved method for rapid analysis of the fatty acids of glycerolipids. Lipids, 31: 535-539.
  • Kruger L.M., Griffiths C.L. (1997). Digestion rates of prey eaten by intertidal sea anemones from the south-western Cape, South Africa. South African journal of zoology, 32 (4): 101-105.
  • Kruger L.M., Griffiths C.L. (1998). Sea anemones as secondary consumers on rocky shores in the south-western Cape, South Africa. Journal of Natural History, 32 (5): 629-644.
  • Lin X.Y., Ishida M., Nagashima Y., Kazuo S. (1996). A polypeptide toxin in the sea anemone Actinia equinia homologous with other sea anemone sodium channel toxins: Isolation and amino acid sequence. Toxicon, 34 (1): 57-65.
  • Monteiro F.A., Solé-Cava A.M., Thorpe J.P. (1997). Extensive genetic divergence between populations of the common intertidal sea anemone Actinia equina from Britain, the Mediterranean and the Cape Verde Islands. Marine Biology, 129 (3): 425-433.
  • Ortega M.M., Navarro E. (1988). Seasonal changes of the major lipid classes in Actinia equina L., 1758 (Anthozoa) in relation to body size and tidal position. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 89 (4): 699-704.
  • Ortega M.M., Lopez de Pariza J.M., Navarro E. (1988). Seasonal changes in the biochemical composition and oxygen consumption of the sea anemone Actinia equina as related to body size and shore level. Marine Biology, 97 (1): 137-143.
  • Perrin M.C., Thorpe J.P., Sole-Cava A.M. (1999). Population structuring, gene, dispersal and reproduction in the Actinia equina species group. Oceanography and Marine Biology, 37: 129-152.
  • Stabili L., Schirosi R., Parisi M.G., Piraino S., Cammarata M. (2015). The mucus of Actinia equina (Anthozoa, Cnidaria): An unexplored resource for potential applicative purposes. Marine Drugs, 13: 5276-5296.
  • Stefanov K.L., Christie W.W., Brechany E.Y., Popov S.S., Andreev S. (1992). Lipid composition of the red and green forms of Actinia equina from the Black Sea. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 103 (3): 687-690.
  • Wirtz P., Ocaña O., Molodtsova T. (2003). Actiniaria and Ceriantharia of the Azores (Cnidaria Anthozoa). Helgoland Marine Research, 57(2): 114-117.
  • Yahyavi M., Afkhami M., Mokhleci A., Ehsanpour M., Khazaali A., Khoshnood R., Jvadi A. (2012). Fatty acid in local sea cucumber species from Persian Gulf (Qeshm Island). Ann. Annals of Biological Researc, 3 (7): 3597-3601.
  • Yanagi K, Segawa S, Tsuchiya K. (1999). Early development of young brooded in the enteron of the beadlet sea anemone Actinia equina (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from Japan. Invertebrate Reproduction & Development, 35: 1–8.
Year 2017, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 11 - 20, 20.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.28978/nesciences.328853

Abstract

References

  • AOAC, (1995). Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, Association of Official Analytical chemists, Arlington, VA.
  • Bergé J.P., Barnathan G. (2005). Fatty acids from lipids of marine organisms: Molecular biodiversity, roles as biomarkers, biologically active compounds and economical aspects. Adv Biochem Engin/Biotechnol, 96: 49-125.
  • Bligh E.G., Dyer W.J. (1959). A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, 37: 911-917.
  • Chintiroglou C., Koukouras A. (1992). The feeding habits of three Mediterranean Sea anemone species, Anemonia viridis (Forskål), Actinia equina (Linnaeus 1758) and Cereus pedunculatus (Pennant). Helgoländer Meeresun, 46 (1): 53-68.
  • Chomsky O., Kamenir Y., Hyams M., Dubinsky Z., Chadwick-Furman N.E. (2004a). Effects of temperature on growth rate and body size in the Mediterranean Sea anemone Actinia equina. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 313 (1): 63-73.
  • Chomsky O., Kamenir Y., Hyams M., Dubinsky, Z., Chadwick-Furman N.E. (2004b). Effects of feeding regime on growth rate in the Mediterranean Sea anemone Actinia equina (Linnaeus). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 299 (2): 217-229.
  • Chomsky O., Douek J., Chadwick N.E., Dubinsky Z., Rinkevich B. (2009). Biological and population-genetic aspects of the sea anemone Actinia equina (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) along theMediterranean coast of Israel. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 375: 16-20.
  • Fish J.D., Fish S. (1996). A student's guide to the seashore 2nd edition. Cambridge University Press. Cnidaria, 96-141. Gadelha J., Ferreira C., Soares A.M.V.M., Pereira M.L., Morgado F. (2013). Histopathology of zinc exposition in Actinia equina L., 1758 (Anthozoa, Actiniaria). Microscopy and Microanalysis, 19 (4): 69-70.
  • Hayward, P.J., Ryland J.S. (1995). Handbook of the Marine Fauna of North-West Europe, 125. Ichibara K., Shibahara A., Yamamoto K., Nakayama T. (1996). An improved method for rapid analysis of the fatty acids of glycerolipids. Lipids, 31: 535-539.
  • Kruger L.M., Griffiths C.L. (1997). Digestion rates of prey eaten by intertidal sea anemones from the south-western Cape, South Africa. South African journal of zoology, 32 (4): 101-105.
  • Kruger L.M., Griffiths C.L. (1998). Sea anemones as secondary consumers on rocky shores in the south-western Cape, South Africa. Journal of Natural History, 32 (5): 629-644.
  • Lin X.Y., Ishida M., Nagashima Y., Kazuo S. (1996). A polypeptide toxin in the sea anemone Actinia equinia homologous with other sea anemone sodium channel toxins: Isolation and amino acid sequence. Toxicon, 34 (1): 57-65.
  • Monteiro F.A., Solé-Cava A.M., Thorpe J.P. (1997). Extensive genetic divergence between populations of the common intertidal sea anemone Actinia equina from Britain, the Mediterranean and the Cape Verde Islands. Marine Biology, 129 (3): 425-433.
  • Ortega M.M., Navarro E. (1988). Seasonal changes of the major lipid classes in Actinia equina L., 1758 (Anthozoa) in relation to body size and tidal position. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 89 (4): 699-704.
  • Ortega M.M., Lopez de Pariza J.M., Navarro E. (1988). Seasonal changes in the biochemical composition and oxygen consumption of the sea anemone Actinia equina as related to body size and shore level. Marine Biology, 97 (1): 137-143.
  • Perrin M.C., Thorpe J.P., Sole-Cava A.M. (1999). Population structuring, gene, dispersal and reproduction in the Actinia equina species group. Oceanography and Marine Biology, 37: 129-152.
  • Stabili L., Schirosi R., Parisi M.G., Piraino S., Cammarata M. (2015). The mucus of Actinia equina (Anthozoa, Cnidaria): An unexplored resource for potential applicative purposes. Marine Drugs, 13: 5276-5296.
  • Stefanov K.L., Christie W.W., Brechany E.Y., Popov S.S., Andreev S. (1992). Lipid composition of the red and green forms of Actinia equina from the Black Sea. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 103 (3): 687-690.
  • Wirtz P., Ocaña O., Molodtsova T. (2003). Actiniaria and Ceriantharia of the Azores (Cnidaria Anthozoa). Helgoland Marine Research, 57(2): 114-117.
  • Yahyavi M., Afkhami M., Mokhleci A., Ehsanpour M., Khazaali A., Khoshnood R., Jvadi A. (2012). Fatty acid in local sea cucumber species from Persian Gulf (Qeshm Island). Ann. Annals of Biological Researc, 3 (7): 3597-3601.
  • Yanagi K, Segawa S, Tsuchiya K. (1999). Early development of young brooded in the enteron of the beadlet sea anemone Actinia equina (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from Japan. Invertebrate Reproduction & Development, 35: 1–8.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Hydrobiology
Journal Section 2
Authors

Kemal Yatkın This is me

Deniz Ayas

Ali Rıza Köşker This is me

Mustafa Durmuş This is me

Yılmaz Uçar This is me

Publication Date June 20, 2017
Submission Date July 17, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yatkın, K., Ayas, D., Köşker, A. R., Durmuş, M., et al. (2017). Seasonal Changes in the Chemical Composition of the Beadlet Anemones (Actinia equina) from Mersin Bay, Northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Natural and Engineering Sciences, 2(2), 11-20. https://doi.org/10.28978/nesciences.328853

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