Evaluation of Sella Turcica Bridging, Ponticulus Posticus Calcification and Sella Turcica Volume in Individuals with Different Malocclusions

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 142 - 150, 30.08.2024

Murat Tunca , Sema Kaya

https://doi.org/10.51122/neudentj.2024.97

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate sella turcica bridging, ponticulus posticulus calcification and sella turcica volume in individuals with different skeletal malocclusions on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.
Material and Methods: Sella turcica volume calculations were performed on a total of 84 individuals, 28 individuals in each class. Ponticulus posticus calcification and sella turcica bridging were performed on a total of 162 patients (27 male, 27 female) in each class. Sella turcica bridging and ponticulus posticulus calcifications were analyzed on sagittal sections of CBCT images and data were recorded as no bridging, partial bridging and complete bridging. Sella turcica volume calculations were performed with 3D-DOCTOR (Able Software Corp., Lexington, MA, USA) by manual segmentation method on KIBT sagittal sections.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in ponticulus posticus calcification and sella turcica bridging according to skeletal malocclusions and gender. Sella tursica volume did not show a statistically significant difference between skeletal malocclusions, while sella tursica volume was found to be statistically significantly higher in female than in male individuals. (p=0.004, p<0.005).
Conclusion: Ponticulus posticus calcification, sella turcica bridging and sella turcica volume do not vary according to skeletal malocclusions. Sella turcica volume is statistically significantly higher in female individuals. It should be kept in mind that calcifications and shape changes in structures such as the sella turcica and atlas bone on lateral cephalometric radiographs may be a sign of certain diseases.

Keywords

Sella turcica, Ponticulus posticus, Malocclusion

Farklı Maloklüzyonlara Sahip Bireylerde Sella Tursika Köprüleşmesi, Pontikulus Postikus Kalsifikasyonu ve Sella Tursika Hacminin Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmada farklı iskeletsel maloklüzyona sahip bireylerde sella tursika köprüleşmesi, pontikulus postikus kalsifikasyonu ve sella tursika hacminin konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi (KIBT) görüntülerinde değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Sella tursika hacim hesaplamaları her bir sınıfta 28 birey; toplam 84 birey üzerinde yapılmıştır. Pontikulus postikus kalsifikasyonu ve sella tursika köprüleşmeleri her bir sınıfta 54 (27 kadın, 27 erkek) toplam 162 hasta üzerinde yapılmıştır. Sella tursika köprüleşmeleri ve pontikulus postikus kalsiifikasyonları KIBT görüntüleri sagittal kesitler üzerinde analiz edilerek; köprüleşme yok, kısmi köprüleşme ve tam köprüleşme şeklinde veriler kaydedilmiştir. Sella tursika hacim hesaplamaları KIBT sagittal kesitleri üzerinden manuel segmentasyon yöntemi ile 3D-DOCTOR (Able Software Corp., Lexington, MA, USA uygulaması ile yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Pontikulus postikus kalsifikasyonu ve sella tursika köprüleşmesi açısından iskeletsel malokluzyonlara ve cinsiyete göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark gözlenmemiştir. Sella tursika hacmi iskeletsel malokluzyonlar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark göstermezken kadınlarda sella tursika hacmi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde erkeklere göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p=0.004, p<0.005).
Sonuç: Pontikulus postikus kalsifikasyonu, sella tursika köprüleşmeleri ve sella tursika hacmi iskeletsel malokluzyonlara göre değişiklik göstermemektedir. Sella tursika hacmi kadınlarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde daha yüksektir. Lateral sefalometrik radyografilerde sella tursika ve atlas kemiği gibi yapılarda meydana gelen kalsifikasyonların ve şekil değişikliklerin bazı hastalıkların da habercisi olabileceği unutulmamalıdır.

Keywords

Sella turcica, Pontikulus postikus, Malokluzyon

References

• McNamara JA, Franchi L. The cervical vertebral maturation method: A user’s guide. Angle Orthod. 2018;88:133-43.
• Durão AR, Alqerban A, Ferreira AP, Jacobs R. Influence of lateral cephalometric radiography in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Angle Orthod. 2015;85:206-10.
• Haji Ghadimi M, Amini F, Hamedi S, Rakhshan V. Associations among sella turcica bridging, atlas arcuate foramen (ponticulus posticus) development, atlas posterior arch deficiency, and the occurrence of palatally displaced canine impaction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2017;151:513-20.
• Kaya Y, Öztaş E, Goymen M, Keskin S. Sella turcica bridging and ponticulus posticus calcification in subjects with different dental anomalies. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2021;159:627-34.
• Dadgar S, Alimohamadi M, Rajabi N, Rakhshan V, Sobouti F. Associations among palatal impaction of canine, sella turcica bridging, and ponticulus posticus (atlas arcuate foramen). Surg Radiol Anat. 2021;43:93-9.
• Guarnieri R, Germanò F, Altieri F, et al. Predictive Analysis of Maxillary Canine Impaction through Sella Turcica Bridging, Ponticulus Posticus Calcification, and Lateral Incisor Anomalies: A Retrospective Observational Study. Methods Protoc. 2022;5:91.
• Mosavat F, Sarmadi S, Amini A, Asgari M. Evaluation of Dimension and Bridging of Sella Turcica and Presence of Ponticulus Posticus in Individuals With and Without Cleft: A Comparative Study. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2023;60:695-700.
• MacDonald D, Patel A, Zou B, Yen E, Vora SR. A retrospective study of incidental findings occurring in a consecutive case series of lateral cephalograms of 12- to 20-year-old patients referred for routine orthodontic treatment. Imaging Sci Dent. 2022;52:295-302.
• Balos Tuncer B, Canigur Bavbek N, Ozkan C, et al. Craniofacial and pharyngeal airway morphology in patients with acromegaly. Acta Odontol Scand. 2015;73:433-40.
• Atilla AO, Ozturk T, Yagci A. Comparison of cervical vertebral anomalies and sella turcica bridging in different growth stages with various vertical skeletal growth patterns. Surg Radiol Anat. 2021;43:117-25.
• Ozturk T, Atilla AO, Yagci A. Cervicovertebral anomalies and/or normal variants in patients with congenitally bilateral absent maxillary lateral incisors. Angle Orthod. 2020;90:383-9.
• Leonardi R, Barbato E, Vichi M, Caltabiano M. Skeletal anomalies and normal variants in patients with palatally displaced canines. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:727-32.
• Miletich I, Sharpe PT. Neural crest contribution to mammalian tooth formation. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2004;72:200-12.
• Axelsson S, Storhaug K, Kjaer I. Post-natal size and morphology of the sella turcica. Longitudinal cephalometric standards for Norwegians between 6 and 21 years of age. Eur J Orthod. 2004;26:597-604.
• Tetradis S, Kantor ML. Prevalence of skeletal and dental anomalies and normal variants seen in cephalometric and other radiographs of orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1999;116:572-7.
• Cuschieri A, Cuschieri S, Zammit C. Sella turcica bridging: a systematic review. Surg Radiol Anat. 2022;44:381-9.
• Leonardi R, Barbato E, Vichi M, Caltabiano M. A sella turcica bridge in subjects with dental anomalies. Eur J Orthod. 2006;28:580-5.
• Kjær I. Sella turcica morphology and the pituitary gland-a new contribution to craniofacial diagnostics based on histology and neuroradiology. Eur J Orthod. 2015;37:28-36.
• Alkofide EA. The shape and size of the sella turcica in skeletal Class I, Class II, and Class III Saudi subjects. Eur J Orthod. 2007;29:457-63.
• Ortiz PM, Tabbaa S, Flores-Mir C, Al-Jewair T. A CBCT Investigation of the Association between Sella-Turcica Bridging and Maxillary Palatal Canine Impaction. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:4329050.
• Ali B, Shaikh A, Fida M. Association between sella turcica bridging and palatal canine impaction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2014;146:437-41.
• Duverger O, Morasso MI. Role of homeobox genes in the patterning, specification and differentiation of ectodermal appendages in mammals. J Cell Physiol. 2008;216:337-46.
• Matsuoka T, Ahlberg PE, Kessaris N, et al. Neural Crest Origins of the Neck and Shoulder. Nature. 2005;436:347-55.
• Bavbek NC. Sella Tursika: Gelişimi, Boyutlari, Morfolojisi Ve Patolojileri. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. Published online November 24, 2016:99-107.
• Bayrakdar IŞ, Miloğlu Ö, Yeşiltepe S, Yılmaz AB. Ponticulus posticus in a cohort of orthodontic children and adolescent patients with different sagittal skeletal anomalies: a comparative cone beam computed tomography investigation. Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2018;77:65-71.
• Afzal E, Fida M, Malik DS, Irfan S, Gul M. Comparison between conventional and piezocision-assisted orthodontics in relieving anterior crowding: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Orthodontics. 2021;43:360-6.
• Sobuti F, Dadgar S, Seifi A, Musavi SJ, Hadian H. Relationship between bridging and dimensions of sella turcica with classification of craniofacial skeleton. Pol J Radiol. 2018;83:120-6.
• Shrestha GK, Pokharel PR, Gyawali R, Bhattarai B, Giri J. The morphology and bridging of the sella turcica in adult orthodontic patients. BMC Oral Health. 2018;18:45.
• Nadim MA. Correlation of linear dimensions of sella turcica with anteroposterior skeletal jaw relationship of Egyptian subjects using CBCT. Egyptian Dental Journal. 2019;65:63-8.
• Abdallah AY. Correlation Between Vertical Growth Patterns Of The Jaws And Sella Turcica’s Linear Dimensions Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography In An Egyptain Subpopulation. Egyptian Dental Journal. 2020;66:2253-9.
• Chou S-T, Chen C-M, Chen P-H, Chen Y-K, Chen S-C, Tseng Y-C. Morphology of Sella Turcica and Bridging Prevalence Correlated with Sex and Craniofacial Skeletal Pattern in Eastern Asia Population: CBCT Study. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:6646406.
• Seifeldin N, Eltimamy A, & Abbady NA. Sella turcica variations in patients with transverse skeletal discrepancies versus patients with normal transverse relationships. a cross- sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023;23:301.
• Yan S, Huang S, Wu Z, Liu Y, Men Y, Nie X, Guo J. A CBCT Investigation of the Sella Turcica Dimension and Sella Turcica Bridging in Different Vertical Growth Patterns. J. Clin. Med 2023;12:1890.
• Alam MK, Alfawzan AA. Evaluation of Sella Turcica Bridging and Morphology in Different Types of Cleft Patients. Front. Cell Dev. Biol 2020;8:656.
• Macrì M, Rendina F, Feragalli B, Pegreffi F, Festa F. Prevalence of Ponticulus Posticus and Migraine in 220 Orthodontic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Biology 2023;12:471.