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ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN YAŞANMIŞLIKLARININ ÖZEL GEREKSİNİMLİ BİREYLERE YÖNELİK TUTUMLARINA ETKİSİ

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 69 - 80, 25.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1294039

Abstract

Bu çalışma, özel gereksinimli bireylere hizmet sunacak üniversite öğrencilerinin özel gereksinimli bireylere ilişkin yaşanmışlıklarını ortaya çıkarmayı ve bu yaşanmışlıkların üniversite öğrencilerinin özel gereksinimli bireylere yönelik tutumlarına etkisini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada karma yöntemin açıklayıcı sıralı tasarımı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunda sistematik örnekleme ve nitel boyutunda amaçlı örneklemenin aşırı/sapmış durum örneklemesi kullanılmıştır. Türkiye’de bir devlet üniversitesinde özel gereksinimli bireylere sağlık hizmeti sunacak Çocuk Koruma ve Bakım Hizmetleri, Engelli Bakımı ve Rehabilitasyonu, İş ve Uğraşı Terapisi Programlarında özel eğitim dersini almış ve 2. sınıf öğrencisi olan 120 kişi anketi doldururken, 10 öğrenci açık uçlu soruyu yanıtlamıştır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunda Engelli Kişilere Yönelik Çok Boyutlu Tutum Ölçeği ve nitel boyutunda Yaşanmışlıklar Veri Formu kullanılmıştır. Nicel verilerin analizinde SPSS 23.0, nitel verilerin analizinde ise NVIVO 10 kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizine göre öğrencilerin yaşanmışlıklarına yönelik tutumlarının olumlu ve olumsuz yönleri bir arada görülmüştür. Duyguları; üzüntü, acıma, sakinlik, korku ve çaresizlik olarak olumsuz yönde görülürken, düşünce ve davranışlarının çoğunlukla olumlu yönde olduğu belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Aiden, H., & McCarthy, A. (2014). Current attitudes towards disabled people. Scope. Accessed March 01 2023. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/88783477/Aiden_and_McCarthy_ 2014.pdf
  • Aldemir, J., & Sezer, O. (2009). Early Childhood Education Pre Service Teachers? Images of Teacher and Beliefs about Teaching. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(3), 105–122.
  • Alptekin, S., & Batık, V. M. (2013). Özel eğitim bölümü öğrencilerinin yetersizlikten etkilenmiş kişilere yönelik tutumlarına özel eğitim dersinin etkisi. International Journal of Educational Research, 4(4), 18–34.
  • Barr, J.B., & Bracchitta, K. (2008). Effects of contact with ındividuals with disabilities: Positive attitudes and majoring in education. The Journal of Psychology, 142(3), 225–243. doi:10.3200/JRLP.142.3.225-244.
  • Brownlee, J., & Carrington, S. (2000). Opportunities for authentic experience and reflection: A teaching programme designed to change attitudes towards disability for preservice teachers. Support for Learning, 15(3), 99–105. doi:10.1111/1467-9604.00157.
  • Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Çitil, M., Karakoç, T., & Küçüközyiğit, M. S. (2018). Özel eğitim lisans dersinin öğretmen adaylarının bilgi düzeylerine ve engellilere yönelik tutumlarına etkisi. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(2), 815–833.
  • Dachez, J., Ndobo, A., & Ameline, A. (2015). French validation of the multidimensional attitude scale toward persons with disabilities (MAS): The case of attitudes toward autism and their moderating factors. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(8), 2508–2518. doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2417-6.
  • Diamond, K., & Tu, H. (2009). Relations between classroom context, physical disability and preschool children's inclusion decisions. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 30(2), 75–81. doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2008.10.008.
  • Edmonds, W. A., & Kennedy, T. D. (2017). An applied guide to research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. Sage Publications.
  • Erlandson, D. A., Harris, E. L., Skipper, B. L., & Allen, S. D. (1993). Doing naturalistic inquiry: A guide to methods. Sage.
  • Findler, L., Vilchinsky, N., & Werner, S. (2007). The multidimensional attitudes scale toward persons with disabilities (MAS): Construction and validation. Rehabilitation Counselling Bulletin, 50(3), 166–176. doi:10.1177/00343552070500030401.
  • Friedman, C., & VanPuymbrouck, L. (2021). Impact of occupational therapy education on students’ disability attitudes: a longitudinal study. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 75(4), 1–11. doi:10.5014/ajot.2021.047423.
  • Hodge, S.R., & Jansma, P. (1999). Effects of contact time and location of practicum experiences on attitudes of physical education majors. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 16(1), 48–63. doi:10.1123/apaq.16.1.48.
  • Huskin, P. R., Reiser-Robbins C., & Kwon, S. (2018). Attitudes of undergraduate students toward persons with disabilities: Exploring effects of contact experience on social distance across ten disability types. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 62(1), 53–63. doi:10.1177/0034355217727600.
  • İrfan, O. (2022). Çalışan Deneyimi. Ceres Yayınları.
  • Kakana, D., Roussi-Vergou, C., Garagouni-Areou, F., & Mavidou, A. (2015). Episodic memories among first and fourth graders early childhood university student teachers, concerning teachers’ behaviours: A mixed method approach. International Journal of Education and Practice, 3(1), 48–65.
  • Keesler, J. M. (2021). Ortaya çıkan sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının psikiyatrik, fiziksel ve gelişimsel engelli insanlara yönelik deneyimlerini ve tutumlarını anlamak. Sosyal Hizmet Eğitimi Dergisi, 57(1), 85–99. doi:10.1080/10437797.2019.1661916.
  • Khouderchah, C., Eijansantos, E., Bindman, J., & Henson, L. (2022). Impact of a 10-week disability elective on health professions students' attitudes towards disabled persons. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 14(6), 773–778. doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2022.06.007.
  • Lee, J., Chang, S.H., & Haegele, J.A. (2020). Does service learning work? Attitudes of college students toward individuals with disabilities. Journal of Experiential Education, 43(4), 365–380. doi:10.1177/1053825920918887.
  • Leibowitz, A. A. (2004). The demand for health and health concerns after 30 years. Journal of Health Economics, 23(4), 663–671. doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2004.04.005.
  • Melekoğlu, M. (2011). Farklı branşlardan öğretmen adayları için özel eğitim derslerinin etkililiğini geliştirmek amaçlı bir uygulama: Özel gereksinimli öğrencilerle etkileşim projesi. A. Yıkmış (Ed.) 21. Ulusal Özel Eğitim Kongresi Kongre Kitabı (ss. 246–247). KKTC. Türkiye.
  • Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. SAGE Publications.
  • Nowicki, E. A., & Sandieson, R. (2002). A meta-analysis of school-age children's attitudes towards persons with physical or intellectual disabilities. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 49(3), 243–265. doi:10.1080/1034912022000007270.
  • Radlińska, I., Kożybska, M., & Karakiewicz, B. (2021). Attitudes of polish medical and health sciences students towards persons with physical disabilities using the MAS-PL scale. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(15), 2–13. doi:10.3390/ijerph18157787.
  • Radlińska, I., Starkowska, A., Kozybska, M., Flaga-Gieruszyńska, K., & Karakiewicz, B. (2020). The multidimensional attitudes scale towards persons with disabilities (MAS)-A Polish adaptation (MAS-PL). Ann. Agric. Environ. Med. 27(4), 613–620. doi:10.26444/aaem/114531.
  • Sarı, H., Yılmaz, E., Bağcı, Ö. A., & Gökdağ, H. (2021). Çocuk gelişimi programı öğrencilerinin engellilere yönelik tutumları ile iletişim becerileri arasındaki ilişki. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 50(230), 57–73.
  • Subay, N., Demircioğlu, A., Karakaya, Ş., Güler, A., Bayram, N., İntepe, S. S., Sadak, E., İlhan, M., Kiraz, E., Nirgiz, C., & Gür, K. (2022). Bir devlet üniversitesinde okuyan hemşirelik öğrencilerinin engelli bireylere karşı tutum ve davranışları. Journal of Health Sciences and Management, 2(3), 53–59.
  • Şahin, H., & Akyol, A. D. (2010). Evaluation of nursing and medical students’ attitudes towards people with disabilities. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 19(15-16), 2271–2279.
  • Tait, K., & Purdie, N. (2000). Attitudes toward disability: Teacher education for inclusive environments in an Australian university. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 47(1), 25–38. doi:10.1080/103491200116110.
  • T.C. Başbakanlık Özürlüler İdaresi Başkanlığı [ÖZİDA] (2009), Toplum Özürlülüğü Nasıl Anlıyor?, Ankara.
  • Tomczyszyn, D., Pańczuk, A., & Szepeluk, A. (2022). Attitudes of Students of Social Sciences and Humanities towards People with Physical Disabilities (MAS-PL). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 2–14. doi:10.3390/ijerph19031544.
  • Vargo, S. L., Maglio, P. P., & Akaka, M. A. (2008). On value and value co-creation: A service systems and service logic perspective. European management journal, 26(3), 145–152. doi:10.1016/j.emj.2008.04.003.
  • Vezne, R., & Sardohan Yıldırım, E. (2022). Unpacking Early Memories: Pre-School Teacher Candidates' Attitudes towards Special Needs. Southeast Asia Early Childhood, 11(1), 61–75.
  • Wöhrle, J., Franke, S., & Kissgen, R. (2018). The German Multidimensional Attitude Scale Toward Persons With Disabilities (G-MAS): A factor analytical study among high-school students. Rehabilitation psychology, 63(1), 83–91. doi:10.1037/rep0000170.
  • Yakut, A. D. (2021). Examining attitudes of medical students toward individuals with disabilities. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Higher Education, 6(1), 1–17.
  • Yelpaze, İ., & Türküm, A.S. (2018). Engellilere yönelik çok boyutlu tutum ölçeğinin Türk kültürüne uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(14), 168–187.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (8. Baskı). Seçkin Yayıncılık.

HE EFFECT OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' EXPERIENCES ON THEIR ATTITUDES TOWARDS INDIVIDUALS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 69 - 80, 25.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1294039

Abstract

This study aims to reveal the experiences of university students who will provide services to individuals with special needs, and to determine the impact of these experiences on the attitudes of university students towards individuals with special needs. The mixed method explanatory sequential design was used in the research. Systematic sampling was used in the quantitative dimension of the research and extreme/deviant case sampling of purposeful sampling was used in the qualitative dimension. While 120 second-year students who took special education courses in Child Protection and Care Services, Disabled Care and Rehabilitation, and Occupational Therapy Programs, which will provide health services to individuals with special needs at a state university in Turkey, completed the survey, 10 students answered the open-ended question. Multidimensional Attitude Scale Towards Disabled Persons was used in the quantitative dimension of the research and the Experiences Data Form was used in the qualitative dimension. SPSS 23.0 was used in the analysis of quantitative data and NVIVO 10 was used in the analysis of qualitative data. According to the analysis of the data, the positive and negative aspects of the students' attitudes towards their experiences were seen together. Emotions; While sadness, pity, calmness, fear and helplessness are seen as negative, it has been determined that their thoughts and behaviours are mostly positive.

References

  • Aiden, H., & McCarthy, A. (2014). Current attitudes towards disabled people. Scope. Accessed March 01 2023. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/88783477/Aiden_and_McCarthy_ 2014.pdf
  • Aldemir, J., & Sezer, O. (2009). Early Childhood Education Pre Service Teachers? Images of Teacher and Beliefs about Teaching. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(3), 105–122.
  • Alptekin, S., & Batık, V. M. (2013). Özel eğitim bölümü öğrencilerinin yetersizlikten etkilenmiş kişilere yönelik tutumlarına özel eğitim dersinin etkisi. International Journal of Educational Research, 4(4), 18–34.
  • Barr, J.B., & Bracchitta, K. (2008). Effects of contact with ındividuals with disabilities: Positive attitudes and majoring in education. The Journal of Psychology, 142(3), 225–243. doi:10.3200/JRLP.142.3.225-244.
  • Brownlee, J., & Carrington, S. (2000). Opportunities for authentic experience and reflection: A teaching programme designed to change attitudes towards disability for preservice teachers. Support for Learning, 15(3), 99–105. doi:10.1111/1467-9604.00157.
  • Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Çitil, M., Karakoç, T., & Küçüközyiğit, M. S. (2018). Özel eğitim lisans dersinin öğretmen adaylarının bilgi düzeylerine ve engellilere yönelik tutumlarına etkisi. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(2), 815–833.
  • Dachez, J., Ndobo, A., & Ameline, A. (2015). French validation of the multidimensional attitude scale toward persons with disabilities (MAS): The case of attitudes toward autism and their moderating factors. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(8), 2508–2518. doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2417-6.
  • Diamond, K., & Tu, H. (2009). Relations between classroom context, physical disability and preschool children's inclusion decisions. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 30(2), 75–81. doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2008.10.008.
  • Edmonds, W. A., & Kennedy, T. D. (2017). An applied guide to research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. Sage Publications.
  • Erlandson, D. A., Harris, E. L., Skipper, B. L., & Allen, S. D. (1993). Doing naturalistic inquiry: A guide to methods. Sage.
  • Findler, L., Vilchinsky, N., & Werner, S. (2007). The multidimensional attitudes scale toward persons with disabilities (MAS): Construction and validation. Rehabilitation Counselling Bulletin, 50(3), 166–176. doi:10.1177/00343552070500030401.
  • Friedman, C., & VanPuymbrouck, L. (2021). Impact of occupational therapy education on students’ disability attitudes: a longitudinal study. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 75(4), 1–11. doi:10.5014/ajot.2021.047423.
  • Hodge, S.R., & Jansma, P. (1999). Effects of contact time and location of practicum experiences on attitudes of physical education majors. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 16(1), 48–63. doi:10.1123/apaq.16.1.48.
  • Huskin, P. R., Reiser-Robbins C., & Kwon, S. (2018). Attitudes of undergraduate students toward persons with disabilities: Exploring effects of contact experience on social distance across ten disability types. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 62(1), 53–63. doi:10.1177/0034355217727600.
  • İrfan, O. (2022). Çalışan Deneyimi. Ceres Yayınları.
  • Kakana, D., Roussi-Vergou, C., Garagouni-Areou, F., & Mavidou, A. (2015). Episodic memories among first and fourth graders early childhood university student teachers, concerning teachers’ behaviours: A mixed method approach. International Journal of Education and Practice, 3(1), 48–65.
  • Keesler, J. M. (2021). Ortaya çıkan sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının psikiyatrik, fiziksel ve gelişimsel engelli insanlara yönelik deneyimlerini ve tutumlarını anlamak. Sosyal Hizmet Eğitimi Dergisi, 57(1), 85–99. doi:10.1080/10437797.2019.1661916.
  • Khouderchah, C., Eijansantos, E., Bindman, J., & Henson, L. (2022). Impact of a 10-week disability elective on health professions students' attitudes towards disabled persons. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 14(6), 773–778. doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2022.06.007.
  • Lee, J., Chang, S.H., & Haegele, J.A. (2020). Does service learning work? Attitudes of college students toward individuals with disabilities. Journal of Experiential Education, 43(4), 365–380. doi:10.1177/1053825920918887.
  • Leibowitz, A. A. (2004). The demand for health and health concerns after 30 years. Journal of Health Economics, 23(4), 663–671. doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2004.04.005.
  • Melekoğlu, M. (2011). Farklı branşlardan öğretmen adayları için özel eğitim derslerinin etkililiğini geliştirmek amaçlı bir uygulama: Özel gereksinimli öğrencilerle etkileşim projesi. A. Yıkmış (Ed.) 21. Ulusal Özel Eğitim Kongresi Kongre Kitabı (ss. 246–247). KKTC. Türkiye.
  • Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. SAGE Publications.
  • Nowicki, E. A., & Sandieson, R. (2002). A meta-analysis of school-age children's attitudes towards persons with physical or intellectual disabilities. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 49(3), 243–265. doi:10.1080/1034912022000007270.
  • Radlińska, I., Kożybska, M., & Karakiewicz, B. (2021). Attitudes of polish medical and health sciences students towards persons with physical disabilities using the MAS-PL scale. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(15), 2–13. doi:10.3390/ijerph18157787.
  • Radlińska, I., Starkowska, A., Kozybska, M., Flaga-Gieruszyńska, K., & Karakiewicz, B. (2020). The multidimensional attitudes scale towards persons with disabilities (MAS)-A Polish adaptation (MAS-PL). Ann. Agric. Environ. Med. 27(4), 613–620. doi:10.26444/aaem/114531.
  • Sarı, H., Yılmaz, E., Bağcı, Ö. A., & Gökdağ, H. (2021). Çocuk gelişimi programı öğrencilerinin engellilere yönelik tutumları ile iletişim becerileri arasındaki ilişki. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 50(230), 57–73.
  • Subay, N., Demircioğlu, A., Karakaya, Ş., Güler, A., Bayram, N., İntepe, S. S., Sadak, E., İlhan, M., Kiraz, E., Nirgiz, C., & Gür, K. (2022). Bir devlet üniversitesinde okuyan hemşirelik öğrencilerinin engelli bireylere karşı tutum ve davranışları. Journal of Health Sciences and Management, 2(3), 53–59.
  • Şahin, H., & Akyol, A. D. (2010). Evaluation of nursing and medical students’ attitudes towards people with disabilities. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 19(15-16), 2271–2279.
  • Tait, K., & Purdie, N. (2000). Attitudes toward disability: Teacher education for inclusive environments in an Australian university. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 47(1), 25–38. doi:10.1080/103491200116110.
  • T.C. Başbakanlık Özürlüler İdaresi Başkanlığı [ÖZİDA] (2009), Toplum Özürlülüğü Nasıl Anlıyor?, Ankara.
  • Tomczyszyn, D., Pańczuk, A., & Szepeluk, A. (2022). Attitudes of Students of Social Sciences and Humanities towards People with Physical Disabilities (MAS-PL). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 2–14. doi:10.3390/ijerph19031544.
  • Vargo, S. L., Maglio, P. P., & Akaka, M. A. (2008). On value and value co-creation: A service systems and service logic perspective. European management journal, 26(3), 145–152. doi:10.1016/j.emj.2008.04.003.
  • Vezne, R., & Sardohan Yıldırım, E. (2022). Unpacking Early Memories: Pre-School Teacher Candidates' Attitudes towards Special Needs. Southeast Asia Early Childhood, 11(1), 61–75.
  • Wöhrle, J., Franke, S., & Kissgen, R. (2018). The German Multidimensional Attitude Scale Toward Persons With Disabilities (G-MAS): A factor analytical study among high-school students. Rehabilitation psychology, 63(1), 83–91. doi:10.1037/rep0000170.
  • Yakut, A. D. (2021). Examining attitudes of medical students toward individuals with disabilities. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Higher Education, 6(1), 1–17.
  • Yelpaze, İ., & Türküm, A.S. (2018). Engellilere yönelik çok boyutlu tutum ölçeğinin Türk kültürüne uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(14), 168–187.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (8. Baskı). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Other Fields of Education (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Naime Güneş Özler 0000-0002-0996-7432

Sultan Çeçen 0000-0002-8471-0653

Tuğba Işık 0000-0002-1850-1407

Early Pub Date March 20, 2024
Publication Date March 25, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Güneş Özler, N., Çeçen, S., & Işık, T. (2024). ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN YAŞANMIŞLIKLARININ ÖZEL GEREKSİNİMLİ BİREYLERE YÖNELİK TUTUMLARINA ETKİSİ. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 14(1), 69-80. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1294039