Current Issue

Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 10/30/24

Year: 2024

Research Article

Reviews

Correction

The New Journal of Urology (New J Urol) is a scientific, peer-reviewed, open access publication and it aims to improve the standards in the field of urology including the education of academicians and the professionals.The New Journal of Urology (New J Urol) is a scientific, referred, open access publication of the Eurasian Urooncological Association. The society is a non-profit organization and it aims to increase the standards in the field of urology including education of the academicians, professionals and public. The society The New Journal of Urology also aims to create or make contributions for the development of technical, scientific and social facilities and it also cooperates with any and all related institutions, organizations, foundations and societies from the national and international area for this purpose.
The journal' s financial expenses are covered by the Eurasian Urooncological Association. The journal is published quarterly tri-annual– (three times a year)- in February, June and October, respectively and the language of the journal is Turkish and English.
The purpose of the New Journal of Urology The New Journal of Urology is to contribute to the literature by publishing urological manuscripts such as scientific articles, reviews, letters to the editor, case reports, reports of surgical techniques, surgical history, ethics, surgical education and articles of forensic medicine.
The target audience of the journal is urologists, specialist doctors and other professionals interested in the field of urology.

The New Journal of Urology has been indexed by TUBITAK ULAKBIM-TR DİZİN, Google Schoolar, Index Copernicus, Scilit, EBSCO, DOAJ, EuroPub, SOBIAD Citation Index, OAJI, J-GATE, İdeal Online, Turkish Citation Index, and TurkMedline (National Health Sciences-Periodicals Database).
The New Journal of Urology ceased printing in 2024 (ISSN: 1305-2489, eISSN: 2687-1955).
The New Journal of Urology is now only published online with the eISSN: 3023-6940.
The journal is integrated with ORCID and CrosReff DOI.
All published content is available for free at https://newjournalurology.com/archive.
All manuscripts submitted to the journal should be submitted via the online submission system, which is available at the https://dergipark.org.tr/en/journal/4362/submission/step/manuscript/new.
Instructions for authors, including technical information and required forms, can be found at https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/newurology/writing-rules.
Editorial and publication processes of the journal are shaped in accordance with the guidelines of the international organizations such as the International Council of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), the Council of Science Editors (CSE), the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Our journal follows the principles of transparency and best practices for scholarly publishing as identified by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), the Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association (OASPA), and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) (doi: 10.24318/cope.2019.1.12).
The statements and/or opinions indicated at the articles which are published at the journal reflect the views of the author, not the opinions of the editors, editorial board and / or the Publisher. Editors and publishers do not accept any responsibility for such materials.
No fee is required for submitting articles, evaluation, processing or publishing process from the authors.
Authors' credentials and e-mail addresses are in no way used for other purposes.
The journal will allow the authors to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
All published content in The New Journal of Urology are licensed under Creative Commons CC BY Attribution 4.0 International License.



Editor-in-Chief
Ali İhsan Taşçı
Department of Urology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Türkiye
E-mail: aliihsantasci@hotmail.com

Editor
Yavuz Onur Danacıoğlu
Department of Urology, Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
E-mail: dr_yonur@hotmail.com

Deputy Editor-in-Chief
Mithat Ekşi
Department of Urology, Dr.Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
E-mail: mithat_eksi@hotmail.com

Publishing Services
Pera Publishing Services
Address: Ataköy 3-4-11 Kısım Mah. Dr Remzi Kazancıgil Cd. O-114 N:12 D:7 PC: 34158, Bakırköy, İstanbul / Türkiye
E-mail: info@perayayincilik.com



General Guidelines
Manuscripts can only be submitted through the journal’s online manuscript submission and evaluation system, available at https://dergipark.org.tr/en/journal/4362/submission/step/manuscript/new. Manuscripts submitted via any other medium will not be evaluated. Manuscripts submitted to the journal will first go through a technical evaluation process where the editorial office staff will ensure that the manuscript has been prepared and submitted in accordance with the journal’s guidelines. Submissions that do not conform to the journal’s guidelines will be returned to the submitting author with technical correction requests. The editor reserves the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the above-mentioned requirements. Editors have the right to make corrections without changing the main text. The ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) number of the authors should be provided while sending the manuscript. A free registration can be done at https://orcid.org.
For experimental, clinical, and drug studies mandated to be approved by an ethical committee for publication in The New Journal of Urology, the authors must furnish an ethical committee approval report in line with international agreements (https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/).
In the case of experimental animal studies, adherence to animal rights guidelines ("Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK54050) is mandatory, with requisite approval from the animal ethics committee.
The "Materials and Methods" section must specify the ethical committee's approval, including the approval number, and the provision of "informed consent" by patients.
Authors are obligated to disclose conflicts of interest and financial support related to their articles.

The rules for the title page, references, figures and tables are valid for all types of articles published in this journal.

Authors are required to submit the following:

• Cover Letter
• Title Page
• Main text
• Figures
• Tables


PREPARATION OF THE MANUSCRIPT

Authors should adhere to the ICJME recommendations for “preparing a manuscript for submission to a medical journal”. https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/manuscript-preparation/preparing-for-submission.html
The articles should be written in 12-point, Times New Roman, double-spaced with at least 2.5 cm margin on all edges of each page. The main text should not include any information about the authors' names or affiliations. This information should only be included on the title page, along with their ORCID IDs, the title, abstract, and keywords.
All acronyms and abbreviations used in the manuscript should be defined at first use, both in the abstract and in the main text. The abbreviation should be explained clearly in parentheses following the definition and custom abbreviations should not be used.
Statistical analysis is usually necessary to support results in original articles. Information on statistical analyses should be provided with a separate subheading under the Materials and Methods section and the statistical software that was used during the process must be specified.
Whenever a product, software, or software program is mentioned in the main text, product information (including state in the USA) must be given in parentheses, including the product name, product manufacturer, city of production, and country of the company.
All references, tables, and figures should be sequentially numbered and referred to in the main text. All pages of the manuscript should be numbered at the bottom center, except for the title page. Papers should include the necessary number of tables and figures to provide better understanding.

Authors are required to prepare manuscripts in accordance with the relevant guideline listed below:

• Randomized research studies and clinical trials: CONSORT guidelines (for protocols, please see the SPIRIT guidance)
• Observational original research studies: STROBE guidelines
• Studies on diagnostic accuracy: STARD guidelines
• Systematic reviews and meta-analysis: PRISMA guidelines (for protocols, please see the PRISMA-P guidelines)
• Experimental animal studies: ARRIVE guidelines and Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition
• Nonrandomized evaluations of behavioral and public health interventions: TREND guidelines
• Case report: the CARE case report guidelines
• Genetic association studies: STREGA
• Qualitative research: SRQR guidelines


Manuscript Types
Original Articles
For original research, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, structured abstracts are required. The abstract should provide background information and state the study's purpose, procedures (including participant selection, settings, measurements, and analytical methods), main findings (including specific effect sizes and their statistical and clinical significance, if possible), and principal conclusions. Abstracts should highlight novel and significant findings, acknowledge important limitations, and avoid overinterpretation. Inclusion of the essential elements identified by the CONSORT group is essential for clinical trial abstracts.

Original Research Articles should include subheadings below;

• Title
• Abstract
• Keywords
• Introduction
• Material and Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Conclusions
• Figures and Tables Legend
• References

Review Articles
Review articles should provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on a topic in clinical practice, and should include discussions and evaluations of relevant research. The subheadings of the review articles can be planned by the authors. Review articles are scientific analyses of recent developments on a specific topic as reported in the literature. No new information is described, and no opinions or personal experiences are expressed.

• Title
• Abstract (unstructured)
• Keywords
• Main text
• Conclusion
• Figures and Tables Legend
• References

Case Reports
New, interesting and rare cases can be reported. They should be unique, describing a great diagnostic or therapeutic challenge and providing a learning point for the readers. Cases with clinical significance or implications will be given priority.

Case Reports should include subheadings below;

• Title
• Abstract (unstructured)
• Keywords
• Introduction
• Case Presentation
• Discussion and Conclusion
• Figures and Tables Legend
• References

Letters to the Editor
A "Letter to the Editor" is a type of manuscript that discusses important or overlooked aspects of a previously published article. This type of manuscript may also present articles on subjects within the scope of the journal that are of interest to readers, particularly educational cases. Readers can also use the "Letter to the Editor" format to share their comments on published manuscripts. The text of a "Letter to the Editor" should be unstructured and should not include an abstract, keywords, tables, figures, images, or other media.

Letters to Editor should include subheadings below;

• Title
• Keywords
• Main text
• Figures and Table Legend
• References



Article Structure
Title page
A separate title page should be submitted with all submissions.

The title page should include:

1- The full title of the manuscript as well as a short title (running head) of ≤50 characters,
2- Name(s), affiliations, highest academic degree(s), and ORCID IDs of the author(s),
3- Name, address, telephone (including the mobile phone number), and email address of the corresponding author,
4- If the author(s) is a member of the journal’s Editorial Board, this should be specified in the title page,
5- If the content of the paper has been presented before, and if the summary has been published, the time and place of the conference should be denoted on this page,
6- If any grants or other financial support has been given by any institutions or firms for the study, information must be provided by the authors,
7- Acknowledgment of the individuals who contributed to the preparation of the manuscript but who do not fulfill the authorship criteria should be included.

Abstract
Original articles should have a structured English (Objective, Methods, Results, Conclusion). Review articles and case reports should have an unstructured abstract. Articles and abstracts should be written in accordance with the word limits specified in the table. References, tables and citations should not be used in an abstract.

Keywords
Each submission must be accompanied by a minimum of three to a maximum of six keywords for subject indexing at the end of the abstract. The keywords should be listed in full without abbreviations. The keywords should be selected from the National Library of Medicine, Medical Subject Headings database (https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html).

Limitations for each manuscript type;

Type of Article
Abstract word limit 
Word limit
References limit
Table limit 
Figure limit
Original Article 
250 (Structured)
3000
3065
Review Article
250 (Unstructured)
40005066
Case Reports
250 (Unstructured)
20001013
Letter to the Editor 
No abstract
1000511


Figures and Tables
Figures, graphics, illustrations and photographs should be submitted as separate files (in JPEG or PNG format) through the submission system. The files should not be embedded in a word file of the main document. When there are figure subunits, the subunits should not be merged to form a single image. Each subunit should be submitted separately through the submission system.
Figures should be labeled with Arabic numbers. Thick and thin arrows, arrowheads, stars, asterisks, and similar marks may be used on the images to support figure legends. The minimum resolution of each submitted figure should be 300 DPI. Written informed consent for publication must be obtained for all images and must not allow patients to be identified. Figure legends should be listed at the end of the main document. Figures must be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are mentioned in the main text.
Tables should not embed in the main document. Tables should support and enhance the main text rather than repeat data presented in the main text. All tables should be numbered consecutively in the order they are used to within the main text. Table legends should be listed at the end of the main document.

Units of Measurement
Units of length, weight and volume should be reported in metric (meter, kilogram, liter) system and in decimal multiples. Temperatures should be expressed in degrees Celsius, and blood pressures in millimeters of mercury. Both local and International Unit Systems (International System of Units, SI) should be used as measurement units. Drug concentrations should alternatively be given in either SI units or mass units written in parentheses.

Abbreviations and Symbols
Use only standard abbreviations, non-standard abbreviations can be very confusing for the reader. The use of abbreviation(s) should be avoided in the title. If there is no standard unit of measurement, provide the long version of the abbreviation in parentheses when it is first used in the text.

Supplementary Materials
Supplementary materials, including audio files, videos, datasets, and additional documents (e.g., appendices, additional figures, tables), are intended to complement the main text of the manuscript. These supplementary materials should be submitted as a separate section after the references list. Concise descriptions of each supplementary material should be included to explain their relevance to the manuscript. Page numbers are not required for supplementary materials.

Identifying Products
When mentioning a drug, product, hardware, or software program in a manuscript, it is important to provide detailed information about the product in parentheses. This should include the name of the product, the producer of the product, and the city and country of the company.

Author Contributions
When submitting to The New Journal of Urology, corresponding authors must provide a signed and scanned authorship contribution form, which can be downloaded from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/newurology/page/16601. This requirement is in place to ensure proper authorship attribution and prevent ghost or honorary authorship.

References
While citing publications, preference should be given to the latest, most up-to-date publications. Authors should avoid using references that are older than ten years. All the references should be written according to the Vancouver reference style. The references used in the article must be written in parenthesis, at the end of the sentences. References should be numbered in the order they appear in the text and listed in the same order in which they are cited in the text. Be consistent with your referencing style across the document.
References must contain surnames and initials of all authors, article title, name of the journal, the year and the first and last page numbers. If there are more than 6 authors, an abbreviation of “et al.” should be used for the authors out of the first three.
You must add the DOI (Digital object identifier) at end of each reference.

For Examples
Article in journal:
Tasci A, Tugcu V, Ozbay B, et al. Stone formation in prostatic urethra after potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser ablation of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Endourol.2009;23:1879-1881. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2008.0596

For Books:
Günalp İ. Modern Üroloji. Ankara: Yargıçoğlu Matbaası, 1975.
Chapters in books: Anderson JL, Muhlestein JB. Extra corporeal ureteric stenting during laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 2003; p. 288-307.

For website;
Gaudin S. How moon landing changed technology history [serial online]. 2009 [cited 2014 June 15]. Available from: http://www.computerworlduk.com/in-depth/it-business/2387/how-moon-landing-changed-technology-history/

For conference proceeding;
Anderson JC. Current status of chorion villus biopsy. Paper presented at: APSB 1986. Proceedings of the 4th Congress of the Australian Perinatal Society, Mothers and Babies; 1986 Sep 8-10; Queensland, Australian. Berlin: Springer; 1986. p. 182-191.

For Thesis;
Ercan S. Venöz yetmezlikli hastalarda kalf kası egzersizlerinin venöz fonksiyona ve kas gücüne etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı Uzmanlık Tezi. Isparta: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi; 2016.


Manuscript Retraction
For any other reason authors may withdraw their manuscript from the journal with a written declaration.

Revisions
When submitting a revised version of a paper, the author must submit a detailed “Response to the reviewers” that states point by point how each issue raised by the reviewers has been covered and where it can be found (each reviewer’s comment, followed by the author’s reply and line numbers where the changes have been made) as well as an annotated copy of the main document. If the revised version of the manuscript is not submitted within the allocated time, the revision option may be canceled. If the submitting author(s) believe that additional time is required, they should request this extension before the initial period is over.

After Acceptance
Accepted manuscripts are copy-edited for grammar, punctuation, and format. A PDF proof of the accepted manuscript is sent to the corresponding author and their publication approval is requested. The journal owner and the editorial board are authorized to decide in which volume of the accepted article will be printed. Authors may publish their articles on their personal or corporate websites by linking them to the appropriate cite and library rules.
Requests for author change (name, author addition) will be evaluated if submitted to the Editorial Board (publisher/journal address) with a letter signed by all authors before the evaluation process is completed. No author changes will be made after the article is assigned to the issue and published.


Ethical Principles and Publication Policy
Instructions for authors are shaped on the recommendations of International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/).
The ethics of The New Journal of Urology have been established in accordance with the guidelines of Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) (https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.2.24).
The Editorial Board follows to the recommendations of International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICJME) for dealing with scientific misconduct, such as falsification of data, plagiarism, improprieties of authorship, violation of generally accepted research practices and redundant publication and duplicate publication.
Originality, high scientific quality and citation potential are the most important criteria for a manuscript to be accepted for publication. Manuscripts submitted for evaluation should not have been previously presented or already published in an electronic or printed medium. Manuscripts that have been presented in a meeting should be submitted with detailed information on the organization, including the name, date, and location of the organization.
An approval of research protocols by the Ethics Committee in accordance with international agreements World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki (https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/) is required for experimental, clinical, and drug studies and for some case reports.
If required, ethics committee reports or an equivalent official document will be requested from the authors.
If there is any concern or dispute at over the studies, we will follow the flowcharts of Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) to solve them.. https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.2.26
Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest
A conflict of interest may exist when an author (or the author's institution or employer) has financial or personal relationships or affiliations that could influence the author's decisions or work on the manuscript. Authors are required to identify all relevant financial interests and relationships or financial conflicts (e.g., employment/affiliation, grants or funding, consultancies, stock ownership or options, royalties, or patents filed, received, or pending), particularly those present at the time the research was conducted and through publication, as well as other financial interests that represent potential future financial gain. The disclosure of funding should be indicated in the Acknowledgments section within the manuscript.
The “Copyright Agreement and Acknowledgement of Authorship Form” should be completed by the corresponding author on behalf of each coauthor and should be submitted with the manuscript.
The Editorial Board of The New Journal of Urology will immediately reject a submitting manuscript which has a high similarity index to other papers in the Similarity Check. When malpractices are found in the submitted article to The New Journal of Urology, Editorial Board will follow the flowchart by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) for settlement of any misconduct. The Editorial Board of The New Journal of Urology is always willing to publish corrections, clarifications, retractions when needed.

Responsibilities of Author
The Editorial Board of the journal handles all appeal and complaint cases within the scope of Committee on Publication Ethics guidelines (COPE). In such cases, authors should get in direct contact with the editorial office regarding their appeals and complaints. When needed, an ombudsperson may be assigned to resolve cases that cannot be resolved internally. The Editor-in-Chief is the final authority in the decision-making process for all appeals and complaints.
The New Journal of Urolgy requires each submission to be accompanied by Copyright Agreement and Acknowledgement of Authorship Form. When using previously published content, including figures, tables, or any other material in both print and electronic formats, authors must obtain permission from the copyright holder. Legal, financial and criminal liabilities in this regard belong to the author(s).

• For manuscripts concerning experimental research on humans, a statement should be included that shows that written informed consent of patients and volunteers was obtained following a detailed explanation of the procedures that they may undergo.
• For studies carried out on animals, the measures taken to prevent pain and suffering of the animals should be stated clearly.
• Information on patient consent, the name of the ethics committee, and the ethics committee approval number should also be stated in the Materials and Methods section of the manuscript.
• It is the authors’ responsibility to carefully protect the patients’ anonymity. For photographs that may reveal the identity of the patients, releases signed by the patient or their legal representative should be enclosed.

All submissions are screened by a similarity detection software (iThenticate) and the limitation without similarity is 20%.
Statements or opinions expressed in the manuscripts published in The New Journal of Urology reflect the views of the author(s) and not the opinions of the editors, the editorial board, or the publisher; the editors, the editorial board, and the publisher disclaim any responsibility or liability for such materials. The final responsibility in regard to the published content rests with the authors.

Open Access&Deposit Policy
Open Access Policy
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supporting a greater global exchange of knowledge.
Every paper published in The New Journal of Urology is freely available via the website https://newjournalurology.com/archive .
Open Access Policy is based on rules of Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/.
Editorial and publication processes of the journal are shaped in accordance with the guidelines of the international organizations such as the International Council of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), the Council of Science Editors (CSE), the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Our journal follows the principles of transparency and best practices for scholarly publishing as identified by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), the Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association (OASPA), and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) (doi: 10.24318/cope.2019.1.12).

Deposit Policy
Deposit policy (Self-archiving policy) are as follows:

• Author can archive pre-print (i.e., pre-refereeing);
• Author can archive postprint (i.e., final draft after refereeing);
• and Author can archive publisher's version/PDF.

All published content in The New Journal of Urology are licensed under Creative Commons CC BY Attribution 4.0 International License.


Copright&Licensing
Copyright
The New Journal of Urolgy requires each submission to be accompanied by a Copyrıght Agreement and Acknowledgement of Authorship Form. When using previously published content, including figures, tables, or any other material in both print and electronic formats, authors must obtain permission from the copyright holder. Legal, financial and criminal liabilities in this regard belong to the author(s).
The contents can be used as a reference in scientific publications and presentations.
The New Journal of Urology allows the author to retain copyright without restriction.
There is no charge for publishing, or no copyright fee is paid to the authors.
No fee is required for submitting articles, evaluation, processing or publishing process from the authors.

Lisencing
The Eurasian Urooncological Association holds the copyright for all content published in the journal from 2008 to 2023. All published content (2008-2023) in The New Journal of Urology are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ).
Under this license, the third parties and authors are allowed to reuse the articles for non-commercial purposes. For commercial use, please contact the Eurasian Urooncology Association using the contact information provided below to obtain necessary permissions.

Eurasian Urooncological Association
Address: Eurasian Urooncological Association, Istanbul Cd. Yenimahalle Neigh. Köşk Apt. No:113/A Bakırkoy / Istanbul
Phone: +90 533 726 72 55
E-mail: dergi@avrasyauroonkoloji.org

By the year 2024 (starting with volume 19) all published content in The New Journal of Urology are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution CC-BY 4.0 International License.
Under this licence, the third parties and authors are free to copy, distribute, transmit, adapt, and even make commercial use of the material, provided the article is properly cited.
If there is any concern or dispute at over the studies, we will follow the flowcharts of Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) to solve them. https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.2.26


Plagiarism
Definition
When an author tries to present the work of someone else as his or her own, it is called plagiarism. In addition, when an author uses a considerable portion of his or her own previously published work in a new one without properly citing the reference, it is called a duplicate publication; sometimes also referred to as self-plagiarism. This may range from publishing the same article in another journal to 'salami-slicing', which is data segmentation, to adding little new data to the previous article.

Policy
The New Journal of Urology journal uses the Crossref Similarity Check program for scanning plagiarism. The articles to be published are required to have less than 20% similarity. If suspected plagiarism is found in an article either before (by reviewers or editorial team) or after (by readers) publication, the journal will act according to COPE’s code of conduct and flowcharts.



Declaration of Generative AI in Scientific Writing
Nowadays, the use of artificial intelligence in the writing of original research articles is becoming widespread thanks to the developing technological conditions. The author is obliged to follow the ethical standards regarding the use of artificial intelligence in the writing of articles submitted to the New Journal of Urology. Where authors use generative artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process, authors should only use these technologies to improve readability and language. This may constitute standard plagiarism as the use of AI does not meet the criteria for authorship.
Applying the technology should be done with human oversight and control, and authors should carefully review and edit the result, as AI can generate authoritative-sounding output that can be incorrect, incomplete or biased. AI and AI-assisted technologies should not be listed as an author or co-author, or be cited as an author. The editors and reviewers of the New Journal of Urology are careful to evaluate the text in terms of the use of artificial intelligence tools that can generate references.
Authors should disclose in their manuscript the use of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process. A statement should appear in the published work. Please note that authors are ultimately responsible and accountable for the contents of the work.

There is no charge for publishing, or no copyright fee is paid to the authors.
No fee is required for submitting articles, evaluation, processing or publishing process from the authors.