na Nubihar Akademi 2147-883X 2822-3217 PAK AJANS Yayıncılık 10.55253/2024.nubihar.1571408 Kurdish Language, Literature and Culture Kürt Dili, Edebiyatı ve Kültürü The Madrasas of The Khoshnawati Region حوجرە لە ناوچەی خۆشناوەتی The Madrasas of The Khoshnawati Region https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4772-6880 Aziz Krekar 12 31 2024 22 167 190 10 21 2024 12 21 2024 Copyright © 2014, Nubihar Akademi 2014 Nubihar Akademi

The Khoshnaw tribe is one of the most prominent and influential in Kurdish society, with the majority of its members residing in the Erbil province. A portion of the tribe also lives in the Betwata and Sarwchawa districts in Ranya, Sulaimani province. The Khoshnaw tribe holds a notable role and position in the region. The tribe's territory spans several significant valleys, including Betwata Basin, Balisan Valley, Malakan Valley, Goran Valley, Baraka Valley, Mawran Valley, Kore Valley, and Qalasnj Valley. The history of madrasas and their contributions in the Khoshnawti area extends back centuries. With the spread of Islam in the region, mosques were built in every village and settlement. Each mosque housed a madrasa (religious school), playing a crucial role in educating thousands of scholars who later spread across Kurdistan and Iraq, greatly contributing to the spread of knowledge. It is important to recognize the Kurdish people’s continuous support for these madrasas, both in material resources and manpower. As a result, the madrasas became vital institutions for preserving and disseminating knowledge and information. In many villages, endowment lands and gardens were established to financially support the madrasas and religious scholars. The income from these lands continues to be used for maintaining and servicing the madrasas, symbolizing the enduring connection between the community and these religious and educational institutions.

خۆشناو هۆزێکی گەورە و ناودار و ناسراوی کۆمەڵگەی کوردەوارییە، بەشێکی زۆری ئەم هۆزە لە پارێزگای هەولێر، بەشێکیشی لە پارێزگای سلێمانی لە قەزای ڕانیە لە ناحیەکانی بێتواتە و سەروچاوە نیشتەجێن ڕۆڵ و پێگەیەکی گرنگیان هەیە، لە چەند دۆڵ پێكدێت ئەوانیش (حەوزی بێتواتە، دۆڵی بالیسان، دۆڵی مەلەكان، دۆڵە گۆران، دۆڵی بەرەكە، دۆڵی ماوەران، دۆڵی كۆڕێ، دۆڵی قەڵاسنج).مێژووی حوجرە و خزمەتكردنیان لە ناوچەی خۆشناوەتی بۆ سەردەمێكی دوور و درێژ ماوە تاوەكو ئێستاش بوونیان ماوە، لەگەڵ بڵاوبوونەوەی ئاینی ئیسلام لە ناوچەی خۆشناوەتی لە هەر گوند و ئاوەدانیەك مزگەوت بنیاتنرا، لەناو هەر مزگەوتێكیش حوجرەیەك بوونی هەبوو، لەو حوجرانە زانستە شەرعی و عەقلیەكان دەخوێندران، ئەم حوجرانە ڕۆڵێكی دیار و بەرچاویان لە پێگەیاندنی هەزاران زانا لە ناوچەكە هەبوو، دواتر ئەم زانایانە لەناوچەكانی كوردستان و عێراق بڵاوبوونەوە، توانیان ڕۆڵێكی باش بۆ بڵاوكردنەوەی زانست و زانیاری بگێڕن.ئەوەشمان لە یاد نەچێت خەڵكی كوردستان لە ڕووی ماددی و مرۆیی هەمیشە هاوكاری مزگەوت و حوجرەكان بوون پێداویستی و كەموكوڕیەكانیان پڕكردۆتەوە، بۆیە ئەم حوجرانە ببوونە مایەی پاراستن و بڵاوكردنەوەی زانست و زانیاری، تەنانەت لە زۆربەی گوندەكان تاوەكو ئێستا زەوی و باخچەی وەقفكراو لە گوند و شارەكان ماون داهاتەكەیان بۆ خزمەتكردنی حوجرەو فەقێیەكان خەرج دەكرێت.

The Khoshnaw tribe is one of the most prominent and influential in Kurdish society, with the majority of its members residing in the Erbil province. A portion of the tribe also lives in the Betwata and Sarwchawa districts in Ranya, Sulaimani province. The Khoshnaw tribe holds a notable role and position in the region. The tribe's territory spans several significant valleys, including Betwata Basin, Balisan Valley, Malakan Valley, Goran Valley, Baraka Valley, Mawran Valley, Kore Valley, and Qalasnj Valley. The history of madrasas and their contributions in the Khoshnawti area extends back centuries. With the spread of Islam in the region, mosques were built in every village and settlement. Each mosque housed a madrasa (religious school), playing a crucial role in educating thousands of scholars who later spread across Kurdistan and Iraq, greatly contributing to the spread of knowledge. It is important to recognize the Kurdish people’s continuous support for these madrasas, both in material resources and manpower. As a result, the madrasas became vital institutions for preserving and disseminating knowledge and information. In many villages, endowment lands and gardens were established to financially support the madrasas and religious scholars. The income from these lands continues to be used for maintaining and servicing the madrasas, symbolizing the enduring connection between the community and these religious and educational institutions.

 ژیاننامەی زاناكان مێژووی ئیسلام ئیسلام خۆشناو هۆزی خۆشناو حوجرەكان مێژووی هۆزی خۆشناو قۆناغەكانی Madrasa Religious schools Khoshnaw tribes The stages of Madrasa Madrasa Religious schools Khoshnaw tribes The stages of Madrasa Bilal Melo Berxalî, (2018). el Biradostî, el-Medarisu’l- ‘ilmîyetu ve Dewruha fi İ'dadi'l-‘Ulemai we'd-Duati fi Erbil, t.1, Erbîl. Zubeyr Bilal İsmail, (1984).‘Ulema we Medaris fi Erbil, Matbaatu Zehra, t.1, Musil. Salih Şeyxo el-Hesnayanî, (2012). ‘Ulemau'l-Kurd we Kurdistan mine’l-Qerni'l-Ewweli’l-Hicriyyi li’l-İslamî îla wefiyati’s-sene 14/h.-1980 m.q (1-14 h./7-20. m.) Munteda İqra el-Seqafe, Duhok. Abdu'l-Kerim el-Muderris, (1983).‘Ulemauna fi Xidmeti'l-‘İlmi we'd-Dini, Daru’l-Huriyyeti, t.1, Bexda. ‘Îmad Abdüsselam, Merakizu Seqafiyyeti’l-Maxmureti fi Kurdistan. Muhammed Zeki Molla Huseyni’l-Bervarî,(2013). el Haletu’l-‘İlmiyyetu we Devruha el Mesacidu’l- Medresiyyetu fi Kurdistani’l-Iraqi, Bingol. Muhammed Ali el-Qaradaxi, (2013). Kunuzu’l- Kurdi fi Xezaîni Dari’l-Maxtutati’l-‘İraqiyyeti, t.1, Bexdad. Mehdî Muhammed Qadir,(2021). et-Ta’limu fi Cenubi Kurdistan fi’l-‘Ahdi’l-Osmaniyyi’l-aAxiri 1869-1918, Erbil. Ewdelî, F. E. X. (2012). Rolî Zanayanî Ayînî le Jiyanî Siyasî Hewlêr da 1945-1975. (Çapa 1em). Hewlêr. ‘Elyaweyî, M. (2018). Jiyanî Feqîyayetî li Kurdistan da le Sedeyî 13em û 14emî Koçî da. (W: Ebdulla ‘Elyaweyî, Çapa 2yem). Hewlêr. Heretelî, M. M. H. M. (2021). Jiyannameyî Zanayanî Gundî Heretel le Nêwan Salanî 1835-2021.