<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>oannes</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>OANNES - International Journal of Ancient History</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2667-7059</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Okay PEKŞEN</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33469/oannes.1486753</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Sumerology</subject>
                                                            <subject>Ancient History (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Sümeroloji</subject>
                                                            <subject>Eskiçağ Tarihi (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Comments on Some Solar Omens in the Enūma Anu-Enlil</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Enūma Anu-Enlil’de Geçen Bazı Güneş Kehanetleri ile İlgili Yorumlar</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9477-8248</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Duman</surname>
                                    <given-names>Harun</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20240925">
                    <day>09</day>
                    <month>25</month>
                    <year>2024</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>6</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>569</fpage>
                                        <lpage>588</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20240520">
                        <day>05</day>
                        <month>20</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20240923">
                        <day>09</day>
                        <month>23</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2019, OANNES - International Journal of Ancient History</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2019</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>OANNES - International Journal of Ancient History</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Written in ancient Mesopotamia from the Old Babylonian period onwards, the Enūma Anu Enlil is one of the most important series of celestial observations and omens. This series consists of 70 tablets and around 7,000 omens. The omens are related to celestial bodies and constellations, including the Moon (Nanna/Sin), the Sun (Utu/Šamaš), Venus (Inanna/Ishtar), Jupiter (Marduk), Mars (Nergal), Mercury (Nabu), Saturn (Ninurta), and Adad (Iskur).One of the significant sections in this series is the omens related to the Sun, or Utu/Šamaš, the Sun god in ancient Mesopotamian beliefs. Tablets 23-30 of the series contain omens concerning the Sun. These omens generally relate to the Sun’s position at rising or setting, its conjunction with other planets and constellations, its proximity or distance from them, the color of the Sun, the color of its rays, and whether the Sun rises or sets with clouds or cloud clusters.The diviners of ancient Mesopotamia used conditional and consequential sentences in their omens. Their reasons for creating omens were both religious and driven by a desire to be aware of the future. In the Babylonian creation epic Enūma Eliš, after Marduk killed Tiamat, he assigned planets or stations to the gods and goddesses. In this way, the planets were considered manifestations of the gods. For the people of the time, the movements of the planets were seen as messages from the gods.While many of the omens are scientifically impossible to realize, they provide valuable insights into the political, cultural, social, and economic life of the period. Additionally, the diviners of ancient Mesopotamia used omens as a tool to maintain control and obedience within society.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Antik Mezopotamya’da Eski Babil döneminden itibaren yazılan Enūma Anu-Enlil, En önemli göksel inceleme ve kehanet serilerindendir. Bu seri 70 tabletten ve yaklaşık 7000 kehanetten oluşmaktadır. Kehanetler, gök cisimleri ve takımyıldızları ile ilgilidir. Bunlar; Ay/Nann Suen-Sin, Güneş/Utu-Šamaš, Venüs/İnanna-İştar, Jüpiter/Marduk, Mars/Nergal, Merkür/Nabu, Ninurta/Satürn, İşkur/Adad’tır. Bu serideki önemli kehanet bölümlerinden bir tanesi Güneş veya Utu/Šamaš ile ilgili kehanetlerdir. Utu/Šamaš, antik Mezopotamya inanışlarında Güneş tanrısıdır. Serinin 23-30 arası 8 tableti Güneş ile ilgili kehanetleri barındırır. Kehanetler genel olarak; Güneşin doğuşundaki veya batışındaki pozisyonu, diğer gezegen ve takımyıldızları ile birleşimi veya yakınlığı/uzaklığı, Güneşin rengi, Güneşin ışıklarının rengi ve Güneşin bulutlar veya bulut kümeleri ile doğuşu veya batışı ile ilgilidir.Antik Mezopotamya kâhinleri, kehanette bulunurken koşullu ve sonuçlu cümleler kullanmışlardır. Kehanette bulunmalarının sebebi ise hem dini hem de gelecekten haberdar olma isteğidir. Babil Yaratılış Destanı Enūma Eliš’te tanrı Marduk, Tiamat’ı öldürdükten sonra tanrılara ve tanrıçalara gezegenler veya istasyonlar vermiştir. Bu gezegenler bir bakıma tanrıların bir tezahürü sayılmıştır. Bu bağlamda dönemin insanına göre gezegenlerin hareketleri tanrılardan bir mesaj olarak algılanmıştır. Çoğu Kehanetin gerçekleşme ihtimali bilimsel olarak neredeyse imkânsızdır. Fakat dönemin siyasi, kültürel, sosyal ve ekonomik hayatı ile ilgili önemli bilgilere kehanetlerden ulaşmak mümkündür. Öte yandan antik Mezopotamya kâhinleri, kehanetleri toplumu kontrol ve itaat altında tutmanın bir yolu olarak kullanmışlardır.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Antik Mezopotamya</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Kehanet</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Güneş</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Utu/Šamaš</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Enūma Anu-Enlil</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Ancient Mesopotamia</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Omen</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Sun</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Utu/Šamaš</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Enūma Anu-Enlil</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ALOMIA, K.M., 1987. Lesser Gods of the Ancient Near East and Some Comparisons With Heavenly Beings of the Old Testament, Andrews University Seventh-Day Adventist Theological Seminary, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Michigan.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ANNUS, A., 2010. “On the Beginnings and Continuities of Omen Sciences in the Ancient World”, Divination and Interpretation of Signs in the Ancient World, Ed.: Amar Annus, The Oriental Institue of the University of Chicago, Chicago-Illinois, ss. 1–18.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ANNUS, A., 2002. The God Ninurta: In the Mythology and Royal Ideology of Ancient Mesopotamia, The Neo Assyrian Text Corpus Project, Helsinki.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">BAYSAL, A.S., Asurlular’da Tarih Yazımı ve Takvim Sistemi, Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Kayseri.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">BÜLBÜL, C., 2010. “Amurru Göçleri ve Amurruların Eski Önasya Tarihindeki Rolleri”, Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi, 29/48, ss.29–49.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">CIFUENTES, E.Q., 2024. “Mesopotamian Astrology About Elam: An Introductory Overview”, Hunara 2/1, ss. 59–71.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">DİLEK, Y., 2023. “Antik Mezopotamya Sosyal Düzeninde Demonlar: Pazuzu ve Lamaštu Paradoksu”, History Studies, 15/3, ss. 551–61.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">DUMAN, H., 2022. “Eski Çağ Mezopotamya İnanışlarında Gök Hiyerofanisi”, Kulmira, 3/1, ss. 37–43.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">DUMAN, H., 2021. Eski Çağ Mezopotamya İnançlarında Gök Hiyerofanisi ve Yunan Dünyasına Etkisi, Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Kayseri.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ESPAK, P., 2006. Ancient Near Eastern Gods Enki and Ea : Diachronical Analysis of Texts and Images from the Earliest Sources to the Neo-Sumerian Period, Tartu University, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Tartu.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ERDEM, F., 2020. Eski Mezopotamya&#039;da Kehanet Geleneği, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Denizli.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">FINCKE, J.C., 2013. “The Solar Eclipse Omen Texts from Enuma Anu Enlil”, Biblioteca Orientalis, 5/6, ss.581–608.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">FRAHM, E., 2010. “Reading The Tablet, the Exta, and the Body: The Hermeneutics of Cuneiform Signs in Babylonian and Assyrian Text Commentaries and Divinatory Texts”, Divination and Interpretation of Signs in the Ancient World, Ed.: Amar Annus, The Oriental Institue of the University of Chicago, Chicago-Illinois, ss. 93–141.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">FRAYNE, D.R. - Stuckey, J.H., 2021. A Handbook of Gods and Goddesses of the Ancient Near East: Three Thousand Deities of Anatolia, Syria, Israel, Sumer, Babylonia And Elam, Eisenbrauns, Pennysylvania.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">FRAZER, J.G., 1926. The Worship of Nature, Macmillan Publishing Company, London.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">LEICK, G., 1991. A Dictionary of Ancient Near Eastern Mythology, Routledge Press, New York.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">HEIMPEL, W., 1986. “The Sun at Night and the Doors of Heaven in Babylonian Texts”, Journal of Cuneiform Studies, 38/2, ss. 127–51.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">HOROWITZ, W., 1998. Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography, Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake Indiana.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">HUNGER, H., 1992. Astrological Reports to Assyrian Kings, Helsinki University Press, Helsinki.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">HUNGER, H. - Pingree, D., 1999. Astral Science in Mesopotamia, Brill, Leiden.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">JACOBSEN, T., 2017. Karanlığın Hazineleri: Mezopotamya Dininin Tarihi, Çev.: Sibel Erduman,  Paris Yayınları, İstanbul.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">KAÇAR, A., 2018. “Yazılı Kaynaklara Göre Subartu ve Subarlılar”, Archivum Anatolicum, 12/1, ss. 31–48.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">KASAK, E. - Raul V., 2001. “Understanding Planets in Ancient Mesopotamia”, Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore, 16, ss. 7–34.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">KOCH-WESTENHOLZ, U., 1995. Mesopotamian Astrology: An Introduction to Babylonian and Assyrian Celestial Divination, the Carsten Niebuhr Institue of Near Eastern Studies Museum Tusculanium Press, Cobenhagen.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">KURT, M. - Bulut, E., 2019. “Enlil Kültünün Mezopotamya Toplumlarının Siyasal ve Sosyokültürel Yapısına Etkisi”, Mezopotamya’nın Eski Çağlarında İnanç Olgusu ve Yönetim Anlayışı, Ed.: L. Gürkan Gökçek - Ercüment Yıldırım - Okay Pekşen,  Değişim Yayınları, İstanbul, ss. 161–92.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">LAMBERT, W.G., 1997. “Sumerian Gods: Combining the Evidence of Texts and Art”, Sumerian Gods and Their Representations, Ed.: Irvin L. Finkel - Mark J. Geller, Styx Publications, Groningen, ss. 1–10.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">LURKER, M., 2004. The Routledge Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses, Routledge Press, New York.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">MAUL, S.M., 1999. “How the Babylonians Protected Themselves Against Calamities Announced by Omens”, Mesopotamian Magic Textual, Hıstorical, and Interpretative Perspectives, Ed.: Tzvi Abusch - Karel Van Der Toorn, Styx Publications, Groningen , ss. 123–30.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">MIEROOP, M.V.D., 2016. Philosophy Before the Greeks: The Pursuit of Truth in Ancient Babylonia, Princeton University Press, New Jersey.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">NARDO, D., 2007. Ancient Mesopotamia, Greenhaven Press, New York.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">NOEGEL, S.B., 2010. “Sign, Sign, Everwhere a Sign: Script, Power and Interpretation in Ancient Near East”, Divination and Interpretation of Signs in the Ancient World, Ed.: Amar Annus, The Oriental Institue of the University of Chicago, Chicago- Illinois, ss. 143–62.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">OPPENHEIM, A. L., 1964. Ancient Mesopotamia Portrait of a Dead Civilisation, The Universtiy of Chicago Press, Chicago.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">PEKŞEN, O., 2020. “Eski Mezopotamya’da Gutiler ve III. Ur Hanedanlığı Dönemleri”, Eski Mezopotamya’nın Siyasi Tarihi, Ed.: L. Gürkan Gökçek - Ercüment Yıldırım - Okay Pekşen, Değişim Yayınları, İstanbul, ss. 51–74.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">PEKŞEN, O., 2021. “Southern Policy of the Neo-Assyrian State and The Elamite-Babylonian Alliance”, Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi, 36/2, ss. 621–41.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">REINER, E. - Pingree, D., 1975. Babylonian Planetary Omens Part One: Enuma Anu Enlil Tablet 63: The Venus Tablet of Ammişaduqa, Undena Publications, Malibu.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">REINER, E. - Pingree, D., 1981. Babylonian Planetary Omens Part Two, Undena Publications, Malibu.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">REINER, E. - Pingree, D., 1998. Babylonian Planetary Omens Part Three, Styx Publications, Groningen.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ROCHBERG, F., 2010a. “If P, Then Q: Form And Reasoning in Babylonian Divination”, Divination and Interpretation of Signs in the Ancient World, Ed.: Amar Annus, The Oriental Institue of the University of Chicago, Chicago- Illinois, ss. 19–27.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ROCHBERG, F., 2010b. In The Path of the Moon: Babylonian Celestial Divination and Its Legacy, Brill, Leiden-Boston.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ROCHBERG, F., 1996. “Personifications and Metaphors in Babylonian Celestial Omina”, Journal of the American Oriental Society,116/3, ss. 475–85.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ROCHBERG, F., 2018. “The Catalogues of Enūma Anu Enlil”, Assyrian and Babylonian Scholarly Text Catalogues, Ed.: Ulrike Steinert, De Gruyter, Berlin, ss. 121–36.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ROCHBERG, F., 2011. “The Heavens and the Gods in Ancient Mesopotamia: The View from a Polytheistic Cosmology”, Reconsidering the Consept of Revolutionary Monotheism, Ed.: Beate-Pongratz Leisten, Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake, ss. 117–36.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ROCHBERG, F., 2009. “The Stars And Their Likenesses: Perspectives on the Relation Between Celestial Bodies and Gods in Ancient Mesopotamia”, What is a God? Anthropomorphic and Non-Anthropomorphic Aspects of Deity in Ancient Mesopotamia, Ed.: Barbara Nevling Porter, Casco Bay Assyriological Institute, Winona Lake-Indiana, ss. 41–91.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref44">
                        <label>44</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">SCHWEMER, D., 2001. Die Wettergottgestalten Mesopotamiens und Nordsyriens im Zeitalter der Keilschriftkulturen: Materialien und Studien Nach Den Schriftlichen Quellen, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref45">
                        <label>45</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">SCHWEMER, D., 2007. “The Storm-Gods of The Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies Part I”. Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions, 7/2, ss. 121–68.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref46">
                        <label>46</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">SOLDT, W.H., 1995. Solar Omens of Enuma Anu Enlil Tablets: 23(24)-29(30), Nederlands Historisch-Archaeolooisch Instituutte Istanbul, Leiden.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref47">
                        <label>47</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">STEINKELLER, P., 2018. “The Birth of Elam in History”, The Elamite World, Ed.: Javier Álvarez Mon - Gian Pietro Basello - Yasmina Wicks, Routledge Press, London, ss. 177–202.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref48">
                        <label>48</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">THAVAPALAN, S., 2020. The Meaning of Color in Ancient Mesopotamia, Brill, Leiden-Boston.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref49">
                        <label>49</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">TOSUN, M.O., 1960. “Sümer-Babil Tanrı Sembollerinin Adları Üzerinde Bir Araştırma”, Ankara Üniiversitesi Dil Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 18/3–4, ss. 262–72.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref50">
                        <label>50</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">VELDHUIS, N., 2010. “The Theory of Knowledge and Practice of Celestial Divination”, Divination And Interpretation of Signs in The Ancient World, Ed.: Amar Annus, The Oriental Institue of The University of Chicago, Chicago-Illinois, ss. 77–91.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref51">
                        <label>51</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">XIANHUA, W., 2011. The Metamorphosis of Enlil in Early Mesopotamia, Ugarit Verlag, Münster.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
