Case Report
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Genç Yetişkinlerde Psikiyatri ve Nörolojinin Kesişimi: Patent Foramen Ovale’nin İnme ile Gizli Bağlantısı

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 7 - 13, 30.04.2025
https://doi.org/10.56941/odutip.1660621

Abstract

Genç yaş grubunda akut nörolojik semptomlarla başvuran hastalarda psikojenik ve organik nedenlerin dikkatli şekilde ayırt edilmesi gerekmektedir. Patent foramen ovale (PFO), genç hastalarda kardiyoembolik inmeye neden olabilen önemli bir faktördür. Bu olguda, başlangıçta psikojenik olarak değerlendirilen ancak sonrasında kardiyoembolik inmeye bağlı olduğu anlaşılan bir hasta sunulmaktadır.
17 yaşındaki kız hasta, konuşma bozukluğu (kekeleme, hecelemede zorluk) ile başvurmuş, öykü alınırken ağlamaya başlamıştır. Öyküden, benzer atakların daha önce de olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Nörolojik muayene normal bulunduğu için psikojenik değerlendirilmiş, benzodiazepin infüzyonu sonrası taburcu edilmiştir. Aynı günün akşamı sağ kol ve bacakta uyuşukluk şikayetiyle tekrar başvurmuş, yine psikojenik değerlendirilerek benzodiazepin infüzyonu uygulanmıştır. Gece tuvalete kalkarken düşen hasta, konuşmada güçlük ve sağ tarafında güçsüzlük ile üçüncü kez acile getirilmiştir. Bu kez nöroloji tarafından değerlendirilen hastada sol santral fasiyal paralizi, sağ hemiparezi, dizartri ve serebellar test bozukluğu saptanmıştır. Beyin MRG'de bilateral laküner iskemik infarktlar tespit edilmiştir. Kardiyoloji değerlendirmesinde PFO şüphesi konulmuş ve transözofageal ekokardiyografi ile doğrulanmıştır. Hasta akut iskemik inme tanısı ile yatırılmış, fraksiyone heparin tedavisi başlanmış ve beş gün sonra PFO kapatılmıştır.
Genç hastalarda psikojenik bozukluklar sık görülse de, akut nörolojik defisitlerde altta yatan organik nedenler dışlanmalıdır. PFO, genç erişkinlerde kriptogenik inmelerin önemli bir nedenidir ve özellikle tekrarlayan geçici iskemik ataklar (GİA) ile kendini gösterebilir. Kardiyoembolik etiyolojinin gözden kaçırılması, tanı ve tedavi gecikmesine neden olabilir.
Genç yaşta açıklanamayan nörolojik semptomlar, psikojenik olarak değerlendirilmeden önce dikkatlice incelenmelidir. PFO gibi kardiyoembolik nedenler, erken tanı ve uygun yönetimle başarılı şekilde tedavi edilebilir.

References

  • Messe SR, Gronseth G, Kent DM, Kizer JR, Homma S, Johnston SC. Practice advisory: Recurrent stroke with patent foramen ovale. Neurology. 2020; 94(11):977–985. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000009095
  • Saver, J. L. (2016). Cryptogenic stroke. New England Journal of Medicine. 2016; 374(21): 733–741. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1505330
  • Li l, Yiin GS, Geraghty OC, Schulz UG, Kuker W, Rothwell P M. Incidence, outcome, and associated factors of silent stroke in young adults. Neurology. 2018;90(3):212–220. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000004893
  • Ames RP, Kowalski RG, Chang T, Himmelman RR. The role of stress in triggering neurological conditions: A review of the evidence. Journal of Neurology & Psychiatry. 2019;32(4):423–430.
  • Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, Adeoye OM, Bambakidis NC, Becker, K. (2019). Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: A guideline for healthcare professionals. Stroke. 2019; 50(4), e144–e222. https://doi.org/10.1161/STR.0000000000000211
  • Hart RG, Diener HC, Coutts SB, Easton JD, Granger CB, O'Donnell MJ. (2018). Antithrombotic therapy for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: A systematic review. The Lancet Neurology. 2018;17(12):1161–1182. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30355-7
  • Furie KL, Jayaraman MV, Kent DM, Smith E E. Stroke prevention in patients with patent foramen ovale. Circulation. 2021;144(11):940–950. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.054763
  • Kent DM, Ruthazer R, Weimar C, Mas JL, Serena J, Homma, S. An updated prediction model for recurrent stroke in patients with patent foramen ovale. Stroke. 2019;50(1):50–55. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.022324

The Intersection of Psychiatry and Neurology in Young Adults: The Hidden Link Between Patent Foramen Ovale and Stroke

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 7 - 13, 30.04.2025
https://doi.org/10.56941/odutip.1660621

Abstract

In young patients presenting with acute neurological symptoms, distinguishing between psychogenic and organic causes is crucial. Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a significant factor that can lead to cardioembolic stroke in young individuals. This case report presents a patient who was initially misdiagnosed with a psychogenic disorder but was later found to have suffered a cardioembolic stroke.
A 17-year-old female presented with speech disturbances (stuttering, difficulty in articulation) and became emotional during history taking. Her past medical history revealed recurrent similar episodes. Neurological examination was normal; thus, a psychogenic etiology was suspected, and she was discharged after benzodiazepine infusion. However, she returned in the evening with right-sided numbness in her arm and leg, was again diagnosed with a psychogenic disorder, and received another benzodiazepine infusion. Later that night, she fell while attempting to use the restroom and was brought to the emergency department with speech impairment and right-sided weakness. This time, a neurological evaluation revealed left central facial paralysis, right hemiparesis, dysarthria, and cerebellar dysfunction. Brain MRI showed bilateral lacunar ischemic infarcts. A cardiology evaluation suspected PFO, which was confirmed via transesophageal echocardiography. The patient was diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke, started on fractionated heparin therapy, and underwent PFO closure five days later.
Although psychogenic disorders are common in young patients, organic causes must be ruled out in cases of acute neurological deficits. PFO is a leading cause of cryptogenic strokes in young adults, often presenting with recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Overlooking a cardioembolic etiology can lead to diagnostic and treatment delays, potentially worsening outcomes.
Unexplained neurological symptoms in young patients should be thoroughly investigated before attributing them to psychogenic causes. Cardioembolic conditions such as PFO can be successfully managed with early diagnosis and appropriate intervention.

References

  • Messe SR, Gronseth G, Kent DM, Kizer JR, Homma S, Johnston SC. Practice advisory: Recurrent stroke with patent foramen ovale. Neurology. 2020; 94(11):977–985. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000009095
  • Saver, J. L. (2016). Cryptogenic stroke. New England Journal of Medicine. 2016; 374(21): 733–741. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1505330
  • Li l, Yiin GS, Geraghty OC, Schulz UG, Kuker W, Rothwell P M. Incidence, outcome, and associated factors of silent stroke in young adults. Neurology. 2018;90(3):212–220. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000004893
  • Ames RP, Kowalski RG, Chang T, Himmelman RR. The role of stress in triggering neurological conditions: A review of the evidence. Journal of Neurology & Psychiatry. 2019;32(4):423–430.
  • Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, Adeoye OM, Bambakidis NC, Becker, K. (2019). Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: A guideline for healthcare professionals. Stroke. 2019; 50(4), e144–e222. https://doi.org/10.1161/STR.0000000000000211
  • Hart RG, Diener HC, Coutts SB, Easton JD, Granger CB, O'Donnell MJ. (2018). Antithrombotic therapy for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: A systematic review. The Lancet Neurology. 2018;17(12):1161–1182. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30355-7
  • Furie KL, Jayaraman MV, Kent DM, Smith E E. Stroke prevention in patients with patent foramen ovale. Circulation. 2021;144(11):940–950. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.054763
  • Kent DM, Ruthazer R, Weimar C, Mas JL, Serena J, Homma, S. An updated prediction model for recurrent stroke in patients with patent foramen ovale. Stroke. 2019;50(1):50–55. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.022324
There are 8 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Case Report
Authors

Sukran Kaygisiz 0000-0001-9779-8239

Tuba Gul 0000-0001-6003-5975

Publication Date April 30, 2025
Submission Date March 18, 2025
Acceptance Date March 25, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Kaygisiz S, Gul T. The Intersection of Psychiatry and Neurology in Young Adults: The Hidden Link Between Patent Foramen Ovale and Stroke. ODU Med J. 2025;12(1):7-13.