The Impact of Institutional Quality on Income Distribution: An Empirical Analysis for Developed and Developing Countries

Year 2019, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 201 - 224, 29.04.2019

Güray Akalin , Ergin Uzgören

https://doi.org/10.17153/oguiibf.472068

Cited By: 4

Abstract

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of
institutional quality on income distribution among developed and developing
countries. For this purpose, the Gini coefficient is used as the indicator of
income distribution and the institutional quality index which was formed with
the help of the International Country Risk Guide, is used as the indicator of
institutional structure in models. The annual data covers 1988-2014 period that
is used and recently developed panel data estimators such as CCEMG and System
GMM are employed in this study. The findings obtained in the empirical analysis
section can be listed as follows: i) An increase in institutional quality
affects the Gini coefficient negatively in developed countries while affects
positively in developing countries. ii) An increase in the financial
development index affects the Gini coefficient positively in developed
countries while affects negatively in developing countries.  iii) An increase in real income per capita
affects the Gini coefficient negatively in both developed and developing
countries.

Keywords

Gini Coefficient, Institutional Quality, Developed Countries, Developing Countries

Kurumsal Kalitenin Gelir Dağılımı Üzerindeki Etkisi: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler için Ampirik Bir Analiz

Abstract

Bu
çalışmanın amacı kurumsal kalitenin gelir dağılımı üzerindeki etkisini gelişmiş
ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler için araştırmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda kurulan
modellerde, gelir dağılımı göstergesi olarak Gini katsayısı, kurumsal yapı
göstergesi olarak ise Uluslararası Ülke Risk Rehberi’nden yararlanılarak
oluşturulan kurumsal kalite indeksi kullanılmıştır. 1988-2014 dönemini kapsayan
yıllık verilerin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada, panel veri analizi tercih edilmiş
olup, CCEMG ve Sistem GMM gibi yeni geliştirilen katsayı tahmincileri
kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın ampirik analiz kısmında elde edilen bulgular şöyle
sıralanabilir: i) Kurumsal kalitedeki bir artış gelişmiş ülkelerde Gini
katsayısını negatif etkilemekteyken, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde pozitif
etkilemektedir. ii) Finansal gelişmişlik indeksindeki bir artış gelişmiş ülkelerde
Gini katsayısını pozitif etkilemekteyken, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde negatif
etkilemektedir. iii) Reel kişi başına gelirdeki bir artış hem gelişmiş hem de
gelişmekte olan ülkelerde Gini katsayısını negatif etkilemektedir.

Keywords

Gini Katsayısı, Kurumsal Kalite, Gelişmiş Ülkeler, Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler

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