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Multiculturalism in Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and E. M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1, 11 - 30, 20.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.17494/ogusbd.952720

Öz

Bu makalenin amacı, karakterlerin yaşam tarzları, dil, milletler arası evlenme, özgürlüğün idaresi, kültürel uygulamalar bağlamında, çokkültürlülüğün, Büyük ve Küçük Antiller ve İngiltere’de, yirminci yüz yılın karmaşasında geçen, Jean Rhys’ın Geniş Geniş Bir Deniz romanı ve Monteriano ve Sawston’da geçen E. M. Forster’ın Meleklerin Uğramadığı Yer romanlarında, nasıl ele alındığını, karşılaştırmaktır. Çok kültürlü toplumlarda, Forster humanist bakış açısını sorgulayarak ikili zıtlıkları açıklamakta, Rhys ise kölelik sonrası dönemdeki yıkıma odaklanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla karakterlerin önyargıları, değerleri, sosyal entegrasyon olan, milletler arası evlilik ve göçe karşıt oluşturur. Kültürel çeşitliliği olan toplumlar, yirminci yüzyılda azınlıkları kendi kültürlerine entegre etmek için hüküm süren kültürün zorlayıcı uygulamalarına maruz kalırlar. Bu makale, diğer bir değişle, önyargının ve kültürel entegrasyonun reddini bu iki romanda, şemsiye terim olan çokkültürlülüğün altında inceler.

Kaynakça

  • Abel, Sarah, George Tyson, Gisli Palsson. (2019) “From Enslavement to Emancipation: Naming Practices in the Danish West Indies”. Comparative Studies in Society and History; 61(2): 332-365. <http:www.cambridge.org/core>. doi:10.1017/S0010417519000070.
  • Adebanwi, Wale. (2019) “Contesting Multiculturalism: Federalism and Unitarism in Late Colonial Nige-ria”: Multiculturalism in the British Commonwealth: Comparative Perspectives on Theory and Practice Eds: Richard T. Ashcroft and Mark Bevir University of California http://www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctvr7fcvv.12.31. May 2020.
  • Acculturation. https www.wikipedia.org/acculturation. 30.06.2020.
  • Ashcroft, Richard T. and Mark Bevir. (2019) “What is Postwar Multiculturalism in Theory and Practice?” Multiculturalism in the British Commonwealth. University of California Press. <http: //www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctvr7fcvv.4.>. 31 May 2020.
  • Ashcroft, Richard T. and Mark Bevir. (2019) “Comparative Perspectives on the Theory and Practice of Multiculturalism”. Multiculturalism in the British Commonwealth. University of California Press. <http: //www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctvr7fcvv.4.>. 31 May 2020.
  • Burney, Shehla. (2012) Pedagogy of the Other. New York: Peter Lang.
  • Forster, E. M. (2007) Where Angels Fear to Tread. London: Penguin Books.
  • Gadamer, Hans-Georg. (1997) “Language as Determination of the Hermeneutic Object”. Twentieth Century Literary Theory. Ed. K.M. Newton. Second Ed. New York: MacMillan Education.
  • Galileo, Galilei. (2009) Dante’nin Cehennemi Üzerine Dersler. Trans. Murat Sirkecioğlu. İstanbul: Bilge Kültür Sanat.
  • Gilchrist, Jennifer. (fall 2012) “Women, Slavery, and the Problem of Freedom in Wide Sargasso Sea”: Twentieth Century Literature, Vol. 58, No. 3, pp. 462-494. Duke UP https://www.jstor.org/stable/24246943 Accessed: 31-05-2020 06:24 UTC. 31 May 2020.
  • Gozdecka, Dorota, Selen A. Ercan, Magdalena Kmak. (2014) “From Multiculturalism to Post-Multiculturalism. Trends and Paradoxes” Journal of Sociology, Vol. 50(1) 51 –64. sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1440783314522191 jos.sagepub.com.
  • Henderson, Katherine C. (2015) “Claims of Heritage: Restoring the English Country House in Wide Sar-gasso Sea” Journal of Modern Literature, Vol. 38, No. 4, Spaces and Places. Summer, pp.93-109. Indiana UP. https://www.jstor/stable/10.2979/jmodelite.38.4.93.
  • Jaising, Shakti. (2010) “Who is Christophine? The Good Black Servant and the Contradictions of Racial Liberalism.” Modern Fiction Studies, Vol. 56, No. 4, Postcolonial Literature, Twenty-Five Years Later (Winter), pp. 815-836. The Johns Hopkins University Press Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/26286958 31-05-2020.
  • Jamoussi, Zouheir. (2011) Primogeniture and Entail in England: A Survey of Their History and Represen-tation in Literature. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholar Publishing.
  • Joannou, Maroula. (2015) “’From Black to Red’: Jean Rhysʹs Use of Dress in Wide Sargasso Sea”. Jean Rhys:Twenty-First-Century Approaches. Eds. Erica L. Johnson and Patricia Moran. Edinburgh UP http://www.jstor.com/stable/10.3366/j.ctt16r0hd3.12/ 31-05-2020.
  • Karademir, Aret. (2018) Queering Multiculturalism: Liberal Theory, Ethnic Pluralism, and the Problem of Minorities within Minorities. London: The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group. EBSCO Pub-lishing: eBook Collection 5/31/2020.
  • Khoo, Siew-Ean. (2011) “Intermarriage, Integration and Multiculturalism”: A Demographic Perspec-tive”: Multiculturalism and Integration : A Harmonious Relationship, edited by James Jupp, and Michael Clyne, ANU Press, ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/metu2-ebooks/detail.action?docID=4612340.1
  • Mardorossian, Carine M. (2015) “Caribbean Formations in the Rhysian Corpus”. Jean Rhys Twenty-First-Century Approaches. Ed: Erica L. Johnson and Patricia Moran Published by: Edinburgh University Press. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.com/stable/10.3366/j.ctt16r0hd3.11
  • Meer, Nasar, et al. (2016) “Multiculturalism and Interculturalism” Debating the Dividing Lines. Edin-burgh University Press. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=1424250&site=ehost-live.
  • Miller, Christanne. (2016) “The ‘New Women’ of Modernism”. The Cambridge History of Modernism. Ed. Vincent Sherry. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. e-book, e-pub.
  • Multiculturalism. (2016) The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy by The Metaphysics Research Lab, Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI), Stanford University Library of Con-gress Catalog Data: ISSN 1095-5054. https://plato.stanford.edu/info.html#c 2016 (Stan-ford%20Encyclopedia%20of%20Philosophy).html First published Fri Sep 24, 2010; substantive revision Fri Aug 12, 2016. 01.06.2020.
  • Neel, Alexandra. (2017) "Qui est là?": Negative Personhood in Jean Rhys's "Wide Sargasso Sea" Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal, Vol. 50, No. 2, FEATURING REBECCA COMAY (June), pp. 171-186 Published by: University of Manitoba Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/45158934. 31-05-2020.
  • Nortio, Emma, Miira Niska, Tuuli Anna Renvik, Inga Jasinskaja. (2020) “The nightmare of multicultural-ism’: Interpreting and deploying anti-immigration rhetoric in social media.” DOI: 10.1177/1461444819899624 journals.sagepub.com/home/nms.
  • Olson, Jeane. (1988) “The ‘Nobel Peasant’ in E. M. Forster’s Fiction” Studies in the Novel , winter 1988, Vol. 20, No. 4, Faulkner Fielding Forster Melville (winter), pp. 389-403 The Johns Hopkins Uni-versity Press URL: http://www.jstor.com/stable/29532599.
  • Padel, Ruth. (2007) “Introduction” to Where Angels Fear to Tread. by E. M. Forster. London: Penguin Books.
  • Peppis, Paul. (2007) “Forster and England.” The Cambridge Companion to E. M. Forster. Ed. David Brad-shaw. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. e-book.
  • Rhys, Jean. (1982) Wide Sargasso Sea. London: W. W. Norton and Company.
  • Savory, Elaine. (2004) Jean Rhys. Cambridge : Cambridge UP.
  • Simondon, Gilbert. (1965) “Culture and Technics”. Radical Philosophy. (Jan./Feb. 2015) Trans. Olivia Lucca Fraser, Giovanni Menegalle.
  • Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. (Autumn 1985) “Three Women's Texts and a Critique of Imperialism.” Crit-ical Inquiry 12 http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/t-and-c. June 29, 2020.
  • Sherry, Vincent. The Cambridge History of Modernism. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2016. e-book
  • Su, John J. (2015) “The Empire of Affect: Reading Rhys after Postcolonial Theory”. Twenty First Century Approaches. Ed. Erica Johnson and Patricia Moran. Edinburg UP. http://www.jstor.com/stable/10.3366/j.ctt16rOhd3.14/
  • Weinstock, D. (2015) “Liberalism and multiculturalism". In S. Wall (Ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Liberalism (Cambridge Companions to Philosophy, pp. 305-328). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139942478.017.
  • Womack, Kenneth. (2000) “A Passage to Italy: Narrating the Family in Crisis in E. M. Forster's Where Angels Fear to Tread. Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal, September, Vol. 33, No. 3 pp. 129-144. University of Manitoba Stable URL: http://www.jstor.com/stable/44029699.

Multiculturalism in Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and E. M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1, 11 - 30, 20.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.17494/ogusbd.952720

Öz

The aim of this article is to compare and contrast how multiculturalism is handled in Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and E. M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread regard-ing the lifestyles of the characters, language, intermar-riage, management of freedom, the cultural practices in the West Indies, and Monteriano Italy, within the tumul-tuous time of the twentieth century. In multicultural societies, Forster elucidates cross-binaries questing hu-manistic views whereas Rhys focuses on subversion of the post-slavery era. In both novels, the characters’ prejudic-es, values run counter to the practices of social integra-tion such as intermarriages, immigration. The culturally diverse societies undergo the dominant culture’s en-forced practices to integrate minorities into their own culture in the twentieth century. Thus, this article ex-plores the denial of prejudice, the denial of cultural integration under the umbrella term multiculturalism in these two novels.

Kaynakça

  • Abel, Sarah, George Tyson, Gisli Palsson. (2019) “From Enslavement to Emancipation: Naming Practices in the Danish West Indies”. Comparative Studies in Society and History; 61(2): 332-365. <http:www.cambridge.org/core>. doi:10.1017/S0010417519000070.
  • Adebanwi, Wale. (2019) “Contesting Multiculturalism: Federalism and Unitarism in Late Colonial Nige-ria”: Multiculturalism in the British Commonwealth: Comparative Perspectives on Theory and Practice Eds: Richard T. Ashcroft and Mark Bevir University of California http://www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctvr7fcvv.12.31. May 2020.
  • Acculturation. https www.wikipedia.org/acculturation. 30.06.2020.
  • Ashcroft, Richard T. and Mark Bevir. (2019) “What is Postwar Multiculturalism in Theory and Practice?” Multiculturalism in the British Commonwealth. University of California Press. <http: //www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctvr7fcvv.4.>. 31 May 2020.
  • Ashcroft, Richard T. and Mark Bevir. (2019) “Comparative Perspectives on the Theory and Practice of Multiculturalism”. Multiculturalism in the British Commonwealth. University of California Press. <http: //www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctvr7fcvv.4.>. 31 May 2020.
  • Burney, Shehla. (2012) Pedagogy of the Other. New York: Peter Lang.
  • Forster, E. M. (2007) Where Angels Fear to Tread. London: Penguin Books.
  • Gadamer, Hans-Georg. (1997) “Language as Determination of the Hermeneutic Object”. Twentieth Century Literary Theory. Ed. K.M. Newton. Second Ed. New York: MacMillan Education.
  • Galileo, Galilei. (2009) Dante’nin Cehennemi Üzerine Dersler. Trans. Murat Sirkecioğlu. İstanbul: Bilge Kültür Sanat.
  • Gilchrist, Jennifer. (fall 2012) “Women, Slavery, and the Problem of Freedom in Wide Sargasso Sea”: Twentieth Century Literature, Vol. 58, No. 3, pp. 462-494. Duke UP https://www.jstor.org/stable/24246943 Accessed: 31-05-2020 06:24 UTC. 31 May 2020.
  • Gozdecka, Dorota, Selen A. Ercan, Magdalena Kmak. (2014) “From Multiculturalism to Post-Multiculturalism. Trends and Paradoxes” Journal of Sociology, Vol. 50(1) 51 –64. sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1440783314522191 jos.sagepub.com.
  • Henderson, Katherine C. (2015) “Claims of Heritage: Restoring the English Country House in Wide Sar-gasso Sea” Journal of Modern Literature, Vol. 38, No. 4, Spaces and Places. Summer, pp.93-109. Indiana UP. https://www.jstor/stable/10.2979/jmodelite.38.4.93.
  • Jaising, Shakti. (2010) “Who is Christophine? The Good Black Servant and the Contradictions of Racial Liberalism.” Modern Fiction Studies, Vol. 56, No. 4, Postcolonial Literature, Twenty-Five Years Later (Winter), pp. 815-836. The Johns Hopkins University Press Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/26286958 31-05-2020.
  • Jamoussi, Zouheir. (2011) Primogeniture and Entail in England: A Survey of Their History and Represen-tation in Literature. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholar Publishing.
  • Joannou, Maroula. (2015) “’From Black to Red’: Jean Rhysʹs Use of Dress in Wide Sargasso Sea”. Jean Rhys:Twenty-First-Century Approaches. Eds. Erica L. Johnson and Patricia Moran. Edinburgh UP http://www.jstor.com/stable/10.3366/j.ctt16r0hd3.12/ 31-05-2020.
  • Karademir, Aret. (2018) Queering Multiculturalism: Liberal Theory, Ethnic Pluralism, and the Problem of Minorities within Minorities. London: The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group. EBSCO Pub-lishing: eBook Collection 5/31/2020.
  • Khoo, Siew-Ean. (2011) “Intermarriage, Integration and Multiculturalism”: A Demographic Perspec-tive”: Multiculturalism and Integration : A Harmonious Relationship, edited by James Jupp, and Michael Clyne, ANU Press, ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/metu2-ebooks/detail.action?docID=4612340.1
  • Mardorossian, Carine M. (2015) “Caribbean Formations in the Rhysian Corpus”. Jean Rhys Twenty-First-Century Approaches. Ed: Erica L. Johnson and Patricia Moran Published by: Edinburgh University Press. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.com/stable/10.3366/j.ctt16r0hd3.11
  • Meer, Nasar, et al. (2016) “Multiculturalism and Interculturalism” Debating the Dividing Lines. Edin-burgh University Press. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=1424250&site=ehost-live.
  • Miller, Christanne. (2016) “The ‘New Women’ of Modernism”. The Cambridge History of Modernism. Ed. Vincent Sherry. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. e-book, e-pub.
  • Multiculturalism. (2016) The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy by The Metaphysics Research Lab, Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI), Stanford University Library of Con-gress Catalog Data: ISSN 1095-5054. https://plato.stanford.edu/info.html#c 2016 (Stan-ford%20Encyclopedia%20of%20Philosophy).html First published Fri Sep 24, 2010; substantive revision Fri Aug 12, 2016. 01.06.2020.
  • Neel, Alexandra. (2017) "Qui est là?": Negative Personhood in Jean Rhys's "Wide Sargasso Sea" Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal, Vol. 50, No. 2, FEATURING REBECCA COMAY (June), pp. 171-186 Published by: University of Manitoba Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/45158934. 31-05-2020.
  • Nortio, Emma, Miira Niska, Tuuli Anna Renvik, Inga Jasinskaja. (2020) “The nightmare of multicultural-ism’: Interpreting and deploying anti-immigration rhetoric in social media.” DOI: 10.1177/1461444819899624 journals.sagepub.com/home/nms.
  • Olson, Jeane. (1988) “The ‘Nobel Peasant’ in E. M. Forster’s Fiction” Studies in the Novel , winter 1988, Vol. 20, No. 4, Faulkner Fielding Forster Melville (winter), pp. 389-403 The Johns Hopkins Uni-versity Press URL: http://www.jstor.com/stable/29532599.
  • Padel, Ruth. (2007) “Introduction” to Where Angels Fear to Tread. by E. M. Forster. London: Penguin Books.
  • Peppis, Paul. (2007) “Forster and England.” The Cambridge Companion to E. M. Forster. Ed. David Brad-shaw. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. e-book.
  • Rhys, Jean. (1982) Wide Sargasso Sea. London: W. W. Norton and Company.
  • Savory, Elaine. (2004) Jean Rhys. Cambridge : Cambridge UP.
  • Simondon, Gilbert. (1965) “Culture and Technics”. Radical Philosophy. (Jan./Feb. 2015) Trans. Olivia Lucca Fraser, Giovanni Menegalle.
  • Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. (Autumn 1985) “Three Women's Texts and a Critique of Imperialism.” Crit-ical Inquiry 12 http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/t-and-c. June 29, 2020.
  • Sherry, Vincent. The Cambridge History of Modernism. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2016. e-book
  • Su, John J. (2015) “The Empire of Affect: Reading Rhys after Postcolonial Theory”. Twenty First Century Approaches. Ed. Erica Johnson and Patricia Moran. Edinburg UP. http://www.jstor.com/stable/10.3366/j.ctt16rOhd3.14/
  • Weinstock, D. (2015) “Liberalism and multiculturalism". In S. Wall (Ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Liberalism (Cambridge Companions to Philosophy, pp. 305-328). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139942478.017.
  • Womack, Kenneth. (2000) “A Passage to Italy: Narrating the Family in Crisis in E. M. Forster's Where Angels Fear to Tread. Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal, September, Vol. 33, No. 3 pp. 129-144. University of Manitoba Stable URL: http://www.jstor.com/stable/44029699.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Elif Derya Şenduran 0000-0002-4840-5053

Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Haziran 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Şenduran, E. D. (2021). Multiculturalism in Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and E. M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(1), 11-30. https://doi.org/10.17494/ogusbd.952720
AMA Şenduran ED. Multiculturalism in Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and E. M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. Haziran 2021;22(1):11-30. doi:10.17494/ogusbd.952720
Chicago Şenduran, Elif Derya. “Multiculturalism in Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and E. M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 22, sy. 1 (Haziran 2021): 11-30. https://doi.org/10.17494/ogusbd.952720.
EndNote Şenduran ED (01 Haziran 2021) Multiculturalism in Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and E. M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 22 1 11–30.
IEEE E. D. Şenduran, “Multiculturalism in Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and E. M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread”, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 22, sy. 1, ss. 11–30, 2021, doi: 10.17494/ogusbd.952720.
ISNAD Şenduran, Elif Derya. “Multiculturalism in Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and E. M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 22/1 (Haziran 2021), 11-30. https://doi.org/10.17494/ogusbd.952720.
JAMA Şenduran ED. Multiculturalism in Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and E. M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2021;22:11–30.
MLA Şenduran, Elif Derya. “Multiculturalism in Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and E. M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 22, sy. 1, 2021, ss. 11-30, doi:10.17494/ogusbd.952720.
Vancouver Şenduran ED. Multiculturalism in Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and E. M. Forster’s Where Angels Fear to Tread. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2021;22(1):11-30.