Takım ve Bireysel Spor Yapan Sporcuların Temporomandibular Eklem Disfonksiyonunun Karşılaştırılması

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 197 - 208, 26.08.2023

Şaban Ünver , Serkan Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1275295

Abstract

Temporomandibular bozukluklar (TMB), çiğneme kasları ve temporomandibular eklemlerde ağrı ve işlev bozukluğu ile karakterize edilen bir grup bozukluktur. Bu konuda sınırlı sayıda çalışma olmasına rağmen, eldeki veriler takım sporcularında TMB şikayetlerinin yaygın olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, takım ve bireysel spor yapan sporcuların TMD varlığının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, kesitsel bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya farklı spor branşlarından 18-25 yaş arası 97 kadın, 241 erkek olmak üzere toplam 338 kişi katılmıştır. Katılımcılarda TMB varlığı, on soru içeren Fonseca Anamnestik İndeksi (FAI) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Anketten alınan puana göre bireyler TMB'si olmayan, hafif, orta ve ağır TMB'si olan kişiler olarak sınıflandırıldı. Veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi. Çalışma grubunun %28,69'u kadın, %71,31'i erkekti. Bireysel sporlarda ciddi TMB vakası görülmedi. Orta ve ağır vakalar kadınlarda %13,4 iken erkeklerde %7,8 idi. Takım sporları ile bireysel sporlar arasında TMB skorları açısından farklılık yoktu (p>0,05). Kadınlar ve erkekler arasında TMB puanları açısından anlamlı bir farklılık vardı. Kadınlarda TMB puanları erkeklere göre daha yüksekti (p=0,023). Stresli ve diş sıkma ya da çene ağrısı olanların TMB puanları daha yüksek bulundu (p=0,001). Gelir durumu ve diş fırçalama sıklığı ile TMB arasında farklılık yoktu. Bildiğimiz kadarıyla bu çalışma, spor branşları ile TMD ilişkisini değerlendiren ilk çalışmadır. Sonuçlarımız, bireysel ve takım sporcuları arasında TMD puanlarında fark olmadığını gösterdi. Bu sonuçlar, diğer risk faktörlerini belirlemek için ek araştırma ihtiyacını vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

Temporomandibular bozukluklar, sporcu, branş, Fonseca Anamnestik İndeksi

Comparison of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction of Team and Individual Athletes

Abstract

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a group of disorders characterized by pain and dysfunction in the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joints (TMJs). Although there are limited studies on this subject, available data show that TMD complaints are common in competitive athletes. In this study, it was aimed to compare the presence of TMD in team and individual sportsmen. In this study, a cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 338 people, 97 women, and 241 men from different sports branches, who are between the ages of 18 and 25, participated in the study. The presence of TMD in participants was assessed using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI), which contains ten questions. According to the score obtained from the questionnaire, individuals were classified as having no TMD, mild, moderate, or severe TMD. The data was analyzed statistically. 28.69% of the study group was female and 71.31% was male. There were no severe TMD cases in individual sports. While moderate and severe cases were 13.4% in females, they were 7.8% in males. There was no difference in TMD scores between team sports and individual sports (p>0.05). There was a significant difference between females and males in terms of TMD scores. The TMD scores in females were higher than in males (p=0.023). TMD scores were found to be higher in those who were stressed and had clenching or jaw pain (p=0.001, p=0.001 respectively). There was no difference between income status, tooth brushing frequency, and TMD. As far as we know, this is the first study to evaluate the relationship between sports branches and TMD. Our results showed that there was no difference in TMD scores between individual and team athletes. These results highlight the need for additional research to identify other risk factors.

Keywords

Temporomandibular disorders, athlete, branch, Fonseca Anamnestic Index

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