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Bazı Çürük ve Taze Meyve, Sebze Ekstraktlarının Antioksidan ve Antimikrobiyal Aktiviteleri

Year 2024, , 9 - 23, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.54370/ordubtd.1272380

Abstract

Bu çalışmada bazı taze meyve ve sebzeler ile onların çürük formlarının antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan aktiviteleri değerlendirilmiştir. İncelenen taze ve çürük materyaller arasında Citrus paradise, Citrus sinensis, Punica granatum, Cydonia oblonga, Malus domestica, Citrus limon, Pyrus anatolica var., Persea americana, Capsicum annuum var., Actinidia deliciosa, Beta vulgaris L. yer almaktadır. Taze haldeki meyvelerin ve sebzelerin, potansiyel mikrop öldürücü aktivitelere sahip oldukları zaten biliniyordu. Ancak çürük hallerinin nasıl davranacağı bilinmiyordu. Taze ve çürük numunelerin in vitro antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri seçilmiş bakteri (Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Citrobacter freundii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) ve mantar suşları (Candida albicans ve Saccharomyces cerevisiae) üzerinden inhibisyon bölgesine göre ve gelişmiş sayısal araçlarla doğrulanan difüzyon testi ile incelendi. Çürük ve taze nar (24.25±0.09 ve 12.87±0.11 mm) standartlara göre (Ampisilin: 11.76±0.54 ve Cephazolin: 6.00±0.00 mm) S. aeurus'a karşı muazzam aktivite gösterirken; C. albicans'a karşı, çürük avokado (24.12±0.42 mm), Nystatin'e (17.89±0.54 mm) kıyasla tatmin edici bir etki göstermiştir. Antioksidan aktivite ise, DPPH serbest radikal yakalama, demir iyonu şelasyonu, toplam fenolik içerik ve toplam flavonoid içeriği belirleme yöntemleri ile tarandı. 316.21±9.89 mg GAE/g ekstre ile çürük pancar en zengin toplam fenolik madde içeriğine sahipken; çürük greyfurt 118.5±72.58 mg QE/g ekstrakt ile en yüksek toplam flavonoid içeriğini göstermiştir. Sebze ve meyveler üzerine araştırmalar; farmakolojik olarak aktif antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan ajanlar olarak sadece gıda olarak değil, aynı zamanda çürümüş formların da gelecekteki terapötik amaçlar için önerilebileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.

References

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The Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Rotten and Fresh Fruits, Vegetables Extracts

Year 2024, , 9 - 23, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.54370/ordubtd.1272380

Abstract

This study evaluated the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of some fresh fruits and vegetables and their rotten forms. Among the fresh and rotten materials examined, there were Citrus paradise, Citrus sinensis, Punica granatum, Cydonia oblonga, Malus domestica, Citrus limon, Pyrus anatolica, Persea americana, Capsicum annuum var., Actinidia deliciosa, Beta vulgaris L. It was already known that fresh fruits, vegetables have potential microbicidal activities. But how the rottens would behave is unknown. Antimicrobial activities of fresh and rotten samples were examined on selected bacterial (Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Citrobacter freundii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungal strains (Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) by diffusion test, which was confirmed by the inhibition zone and advanced numerical tools. While rotten and fresh pomegranate (24.25±0.09 and 12.87±0.11 mm) showed tremendous activity against S. aureus by standards (Ampicillin: 11.76±0.54 and Cephazolin: 6.00±0.00 mm); against C. albicans, rotten avocado (24.12±0.42 mm) showed satisfactory potency compared to Nystatin (17.89±0.54 mm). Antioxidant activity was screened by DPPH free radical scavenging, ferrous ion chelation, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content determination methods. While rotten beetroot has the richest total phenolic content with 316.21 ± 9.89 mg GAE/g extract; rotten grapefruit showed the highest total flavonoid content with 118.57±2.58 mg QE/g extract. Research on vegetables and fruits; reveals that not only as food but also as decay forms can be recommended for future therapeutic purposes as pharmacologically active antimicrobial and antioxidant agents.

References

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  • Adamczak, A., O˙zarowski, M., & Karpinski, T. M. (2020). Antibacterial Activity of Some Flavonoids and Organic Acids Widely Distributed in Plants. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9, 109, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010109
  • Akbulut, H. F., & Akbulut, M. (2023). Mineral composition, the profile of phenolic compounds, organic acids, sugar and in vitro antioxidant capacity, and antimicrobial activity of organic extracts of Juniperus drupacea fruits. Food Science & Nutrition, 11, 6435–6446. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.3586
  • Al-Zoreky, N. S. (2009). Antimicrobial activity of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit peels. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 134(3), 244–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.07.002
  • Amao, I. (2018). Health benefits of fruits and vegetables: Review from Sub-Saharan Africa (p. 33-35). IntechOpen. https://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74472
  • Balowo, A. B., Fayemi, P. O., & Muchenje, V. (2014). Natural antioxidants against lipid–protein oxidative deterioration in meat and meat products: A review. Food Research International, 64, 171–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2014.06.022
  • Bansode, D. S., & Chavan, M. D. (2012). Studies on antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of Citrus fruit juices against selected enteric pathogens. International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 3(11), 122-126. https://irjponline.com/details.php?article=1489
  • Bellary, A. N., Sowbhagya, H. B., & Rastogi, N. K. (2011). Osmotic dehydration assisted impregnation of curcuminoids in coconut slices. Journal of Food Engineering, 105(3), 453–459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.03.002
  • Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M. E., & Berset, C. (1995). Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 28(1), 25-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0023-6438(95)80008-5
  • Cao, G., Ofic, E., & Prior, R. (1997). Antioxidant and Prooxidant Behavior of flavonoids: Structure-activity relationships. Free Radical Biology Medicine, 22(5), 749-760. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(96)00351-6
  • Cemeroğlu, B. (2013). Meyve Sebze işleme Teknolojisi (5. Baskı, Cilt 1). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Chanderbali, A. S., Albert, V. A., Ashworth, V. E. T. M., Clegg, M. T., Litz, R. E., Soltis, D. E., & Soltis, P.S. (2008). Persea americana (avocado): Bringing ancient flowers to fruit in the genomics era. BioEssays, 30(4), 386–396. https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.20721
  • Chia, T. W. R., & Dykes, G. A. (2010). Antimicrobial activity of crude epicarp and seed extracts from mature avocado fruit (Persea americana) of three cultivars. Pharmaceutical Biology, 48(7), 753–756. https://doi.org/10.3109/13880200903273922
  • Davis, P. H. (1966–1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (p. 1–10). Edinburgh Univ Press.
  • Decker, E. A., & Welch, B. (1990). Role of ferritin as a lipid oxidation catalyst in muscle food. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 38, 674-677. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/jf00093a019
  • Dhanavade, M. J., Jalkute, C. B., Ghosh, J. S., & Sonawane, K. D. (2011). Study antimicrobial activity of lemon (Citrus lemon L.) peel extract. British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2(3), 119-122. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=dc7b0c7076cbf3af14126dbad662869440387e43
  • Droby, S. (2006). Improving quality and safety of fresh fruits and vegetables after harvest by the use of biocontrol agents and natural materials. Acta Horticulture, 709, 45-51. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.709.5
  • Ekwenye, U. N., & Edeha, O. V. (2010). The antibacterial activity of crude leaf extract of Citrus sinensis (sweet orange). International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 1(4), 743-750. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=ae3ce4527843a5b6c9da62afe9f635e1cade2e7e
  • Elkhatim, K. A. S., Elagib, R. A. A., & Hassan, A. B. (2018). Content of phenolic compounds and vitamin C and antioxidant activity in wasted parts of Sudanese citrus fruits. Food Science and Nutrition, 6(5), 1214–1219. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.660
  • Ergezer, H., & Serdaroğlu, M. (2009). Et ve et ürünlerinde oksidasyon mekanizması ve antioksidanların kullanımı. Gıda Teknolojisi, 13, 60-64. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1189253
  • Ergezer, H. (2013). Enginar atıklarından elde edilen ekstraktın çiğ ve pişirilmiş köftelerde antioksidatif etkilerinin araştırılması [Doktora tezi]. Ege Üniversitesi.
  • Erturk, A. G., Erturk, O., Ayvaz, M. Ç., & Erturk, E. Y. (2018). Screening of phytochemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities in extracts of some fruits and vegetables consumed in Turkey. Celal Bayar University Journal of Science, 14(1), 81–92. https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.363384
  • Fattouch, S., Caboni, P., Coroneo, V., Tuberoso, C. I. G., Angioini, A., Dessi, S., Marzouki, N., & Cabras, P. (2007). Antimicrobial activity of Tunisian quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) pulp and peel polyphenolic extracts. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 55(3), 963-969. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf062614e
  • Hussain, H., Mamadalieva, N. Z., Hussain, A., Hassan, U., Rabnawaz, A., Ahmed, I., & Green, I. R. (2022). Fruit Peels: Food Waste as a Valuable Source of Bioactive Natural Products for Drug Discovery. Current Issues Molecular Biology, 44, 1960–1994. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb44050134
  • Javanovic, S. V., Steenken, S., Tosic, M., Marjonovic, B., & Simic, M. G. (1994). Flavonoids as antioksidants. Journal of American Chemical Society, 116, 4846-4851. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/ja00090a032
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There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Plant Biochemistry
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Aliye Ertürk 0000-0003-0831-7056

Ömer Ertürk 0000-0001-5837-6893

Early Pub Date June 30, 2024
Publication Date June 30, 2024
Submission Date March 28, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Ertürk, A., & Ertürk, Ö. (2024). The Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Rotten and Fresh Fruits, Vegetables Extracts. Ordu Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 14(1), 9-23. https://doi.org/10.54370/ordubtd.1272380