العلاقات الثنائية لروسيا مع دول شرق البحر المتوسط من حيث مفهوم التوازن الناعم

Year 2022, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 179 - 206, 14.02.2023

Muharrem Hilmi Özev , Zuleykha Kazımova

https://doi.org/10.47932/ortetut.1217281

Abstract

بعد انهيار الاتحاد السوفيتي ، بدأت روسيا في عكس التجربة الصعبة التي مرت بها على الساحة الدولية ومحليًا منذ العقد الأول من القرن الحادي والعشرين ، وكهدف جديد للسياسة الخارجية ، سعت إلى توسيع دائرة نفوذها ، خاصة في مناطق معينة. في إطار الخطاب العالمي متعدد الأقطاب ، ركزت روسيا على شرق البحر الأبيض المتوسط ، الذي ازدادت أهميته الاستراتيجية مع اكتشاف موارد طاقة جديدة في السنوات الأخيرة ، لاكتساب القوة على الساحة الدولية. انتهزت روسيا فرصة تطوير العلاقات الثنائية مع دول المنطقة بشكل فعال في عام 2011 بتدخل روسيا في الحرب الأهلية السورية. في الختام ، الهدف من الدراسة هو البحث عن إجابات حول تطور العلاقات الثنائية لروسيا مع دول شرق البحر المتوسط ومدى سياسات التوازن الناعمة التي تستخدمها روسيا مع دول المنطقة التي تهدف إلى إقامة مجال نفوذها الخاص في الشرق الأوسط.

Keywords

Russian Federation, Eastern Mediterranean region, bilateral relations, Energy policies, military-technical cooperation

Bilateral Relations of Russia with Eastern Mediterranean Countries in Terms of Soft Balancing Concept

Abstract

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia started to reverse the difficult experience it had in the international arena and domestically from the 2000s, and as a new foreign policy target, it sought to expand its sphere of influence, especially in certain regions. Within the framework of the multipolar world discourse, Russia has focused on the Eastern Mediterranean, whose strategic importance has increased with the discovery of new energy resources in recent years, to gain power in the international arena. Russia seized the opportunity to develop bilateral relations with the countries of the region effectively in the region in 2011 with Russia's intervention in the Syrian civil war. In conclusion, the aim of the study is to seek answers about the development of Russia's bilateral relations with the Eastern Mediterranean countries and the extent of the soft balancing policies used by Russia with the regional countries that aim to establish its own sphere of influence in the region.

Keywords

Russian Federation, Eastern Mediterranean region, bilateral relations, Energy policies, military-technical cooperation

Yumuşak Dengeleme Kavramı Açısından Rusya'nın Doğu Akdeniz Ülkeleriyle İkili İlişkileri

Abstract

Sovyetler Birliği'nin dağılmasının ardından Rusya, 2000'li yıllardan itibaren uluslararası alanda ve yurt içinde yaşadığı zorlu tecrübeyi tersine çevirmeye başlamış ve yeni bir dış politika hedefi olarak özellikle belirli bölgelerde etki alanını genişletme arayışına girmiştir. Rusya, çok kutuplu dünya söylemi çerçevesinde, uluslararası arenada güç elde etmek için son yıllarda yeni enerji kaynaklarının keşfedilmesiyle stratejik önemi artan Doğu Akdeniz'e odaklanmıştır. Rusya, 2011 yılında Suriye iç savaşına müdahalesi ile bölge ülkeleriyle etkin bir şekilde ikili ilişkilerini bölgede geliştirme fırsatını değerlendirmiştir. Sonuç olarak çalışmanın amacı, Rusya'nın Doğu Akdeniz ülkeleriyle ikili ilişkilerinin gelişimi ve Rusya'nın bölgede kendi etki alanını oluşturmayı amaçlayan bölge ülkeleri ile uyguladığı yumuşak denge politikalarının boyutuna cevap aramaktır.

Keywords

Russian Federation, Eastern Mediterranean region, bilateral relations, Energy policies, military-technical cooperation, Rusya Federasyonu, Doğu Akdeniz bölgesi, ikili ilişkiler, Enerji politikaları, askeri-teknik işbirliği

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