<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article         dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>OTAM Ankara Üniversitesi Osmanlı Tarihi Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1019-469X</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">3108-849X</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Ankara University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1501/OTAM_0000000585</article-id>
                                                                                                                                                                                            <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Denizaşırı dilenciliğe bir örnek: Marûni dilenciler</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Denizaşırı dilenciliğe bir örnek: Marûni dilenciler</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Uygun</surname>
                                    <given-names>Süleyman</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20110401">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>01</month>
                    <year>2011</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>30</volume>
                                        <issue>30</issue>
                                        <fpage>189</fpage>
                                        <lpage>212</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20150105">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>05</month>
                        <year>2015</year>
                    </date>
                                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1990, </copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1990</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder></copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                                        <abstract><p>Bu çalışmada 19. yüzyılın sonlarından 20. yüzyılın başlarına kadar, Osmanlı Devleti’nin Suriye ve Lübnan bölgesinden sosyal, ekonomik ve siyasal nedenlerle Avrupa ve Amerika’ya olan Marûni dilenci göçü ele alınmaktadır. 19. yüzyılın özellikle son çeyreğinde Marûnilerinin büyük bir kısmı Batı’nın sanayileşmiş şehirlerine göç ederek dilencilik yaptılar. Marûni dilenciler, Osmanlı’nın Hıristiyan dünyasındaki kötü imajını daha da pekiştirdi. Marûni dilencilerin göçü diplomatik olarak Batılı devletlerle Osmanlı’yı karşı karşıya getirdi. Osmanlı Devlet adamları bu göçü engellemek için çeşitli tedbirler alma yoluna gittilerse de bunda başarılı olamadılar</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>-</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>-</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ABOUYOUB, Younes, “The Levant Migration To the United States: The Development of Communal Identity and Patterns of Political Participation” Published in: Global Politics In The Dawn Of The 21st Century, Akis Kalaitzidis, ed.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Athens Institute for Education and Research, Athens, Greece 2009, s. 2-13.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">AKARLI, Engin Deniz, “Ottoman Attitudes Towards Lebanese Emigration, 1885- 1910”, The Lebanese In The World, Edited by Albert Hourani and Nadim Shehadi, Published by The Centre for Lebanese Studies, London 1992, s. 109-138.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">“Beggar” Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Slice 5, Ekim 2010, s. 652. BARBĐER, H., Les Jesuites, Paris 1843.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">BOZKURT, Gülnihal, Gayrimüslim Osmanlı Vatandaşlarının Hukukî Durumu (1839-1914), TTK, Ankara 1996.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">BURKE, Edmund III., “Rural Colectivite Action and the Emergence of Modern Lebanon” Nadim Shehadi-Dana Haffar, Lebanon: a History of Conflict and Consensus, The Centre for Lebanese Studies, London 1988, s. 14-31.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">CAPĐTANT, Henri, Vocabulaire Juridique, Paris 1936.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">DAMON, Julien, “La Prise en Charge des Vagabonds, des Mendiants et des Clochards Le Tournant récent de l’Histoire”, Revue de Droit Sanitaire et Social, Vol. 43, N. 6, 2007, s. 933-951.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">DAWĐES, W. H., Beggars, Duckworth &amp; Co. 1909.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">DEMĐRTAŞ, Mehmet, “Osmanlı Başkenti’nde Dilenciler ve Dilencilerin Toplum Hayatına Etkileri”, OTAM, S. 20, Ankara 2006, s. 81-104.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">DEMĐRTAŞ, Mehmet, “Đstanbul’da Dilenciliği Önlemeye Yönelik Đlk Uygulamalar ve XVIII. Yüzyılda Alınan Tedbirler”, Bir Kent Sorunu Dilencilik Sorunlar ve Çözüm Yolları Sempozyumu Tebliğler Kitabı, Đstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Yayınları, Đstanbul 2008, s. 171-11.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">DÜZBAKAR, Ömer, “Osmanlı Devleti’nin Dilencilere Bakışı (Bursa Örneği)”, Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, I/5, Sonbahar 2008, s. 290-312.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">EDMOND, Paris, The Secret History of the Jesuit, Chick Pub, California, August 1983.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">FISHMAN, James J., The Faithless Fiduciary and the Quest for Charitable Accountability 1200- 2005, Caroline Academic Press, Durham, North Caroline 2007.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">GENÇ, Hamdi-Bozkurt, Đ. Murat: “Osmanlı’dan Brezilya ve Arjantin’e Emek Göçü ve Göçmenlerin Sosyo-Ekonomik Durumu (1850-1915)”, Đ.Đ.B.F. Dergisi, XXVIII, S. 71-103, 2010, s. 71-103.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">GUYS, M. Charles, Consideration sur les Peuples de l’Orient avec une Analyse de l’Etat Actuel de la Turquie, Marseille 1857.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">GÜNAY, Selçuk, “II Abdülhamit Döneminde Suriye ve Lübnan’da Arap Ayrılıkçı Hareketinin Başlaması ve Devletin Tedbirleri”, A.Ü.D.T.C.F. Dergisi, XVII., S. 28, Ankara 1995, s. 85-109.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">HANÇERLĐOĞLU, Orhan, Düşünce Tarihi, 6. Basım, Remzi Kitabevi, Đstanbul 2007.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ISSAWI, Charles, “The Historical Background of Lebanese Emigration, 1800-1914”, The Lebanese In The World, Edited by Albert Hourani and Nadim Shehadi, Published by The Centre for Lebanese Studies, London 1992, s. 13-33.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">IŞIK, Ramazan, “Marûnileri Memlüklüler Döneminde Fransisken Misyoner Rahiplerinin Katolikleştirme Faaliyetleri”, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Đlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, IX, S. 1, Sivas Haziran 2005, s. 203-218.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">IŞIK, Ramazan, “Osmanlılar’ın Son Döneminlerinde Marûniler’in Lübnan’da Bağımsız Bir Hıristiyan Devleti Kurma Girişimlerinin Fikri Temelleri”, Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, XV., S. 2, Elazığ 2005, s. 413-432.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ĐPEK, Nedim, Đmparatorluktan Ulus Devlete Göçler, Serander Yayıncılık, Trabzon 2006.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">KARPAT, Kemal H., Osmanlı’dan Günümüze Etnik Yapılanma ve Göçler, Timaş Yayınları, Đstanbul 2010.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">KARPAT, Kemal, “The Ottoman Emigration to America, 1860-1914”, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 17, Mayıs 1985, s. 175-209.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kitab-ı Mukaddes, Eski ve Yeni Ahit, Đstanbul 1949.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">KLĐCH, Ignacio, “Criollos, and Arabic Speakers in Argentina: an Uneasy Pas de Deux, 1888-1914”, The Lebanese In The World, Edited by Albert Hourani and Nadim Shehadi, Published by The Centre for Lebanese Studies, London, s. 243-284.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">KLĐCH, Ignacio, Jeffrey Lesser, “Turco” Immigrant in Latin America”, The Americas, Vol. 53, No. 1, Temmuz 1996, s. 1-14.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">KOÇU, Reşat Ekrem, “Dilenci, Dilenciler”, Đstanbul Ansiklopedisi, VIII., Koçu Yayınları, Đstanbul 1966, s. 4573-4578.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Les Maronites et La France, E. Dentu, Libraire et Editeur, Paris 1860. Memoire A Consulter Sur les Droits de Protection de la France au Liban et Sur La Stiation Maronites, Imprimerie de Ch. Lahure, Paris 1861.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">MOUBARAC, Y., Les Cretienns et Le Monde Arabe, Tome IV., Librairie Orientale, Beyrut 1986.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">NAFF, Alixa, “Lebanese Immigration into the United States: 1880 to the Present”, The Lebanese In The World, Edited by Albert Hourani and Nadim Shehadi, Published by The Centre for Lebanese Studies, London 1992, s. 141-166.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">PEDONE, A., La France Juridiciaire Revue Hebdamadaire, Paris 1899. Repertoire Des Travaux de la Societe de Statistique de Marseille, Publie Sous la Direction De Adrien Sicard, Marseille 1870.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">SAKAOĞLU, Necdet, “Dersaadet Dilencileri ve Bir Belge”, Tarih ve Toplum, S. 38, Đstanbul 1987, s. 22-24.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">SERBESTOĞLU, Đbrahim, Osmanlı Devleti’nde Tabiiyet, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Tarih Anabilim Dalı, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Samsun 2010.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">SOY, Bayram, “Arap Milliyetçiliği Ortaya Çıkışından 1918’e Kadar”, Bilig, S. 30, Yaz 2004, s. 173-202.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">TABAKOĞLU, Ahmet, Đktisat Tarihi, Kitabevi, Đstanbul 2005, s. 319-320. TEKĐN, Zeki, “Osmanlı Döneminde Dilencilik” Osmanlılar, V., Yeni Türkiye Yayınları, Ankara 1999, s. 570-583.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">TOKSARI, Ali, “Dilenciler”, Đslam Ansiklopedisi, IX., Đstanbul 1994, s. 298-300.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">TURNER, C. J. Ripton, A History of Vagrant and Vagrancy and Beggars and Begging, Chapman and Hall, London 1887.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">http://Đslamekonomisi.org/osmanli-iktisadi-ve-ilkeleri/, Mehmet Genç’le yapılan bir röportaj, 26.11.2011.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
