The Effects of Smokıng Habıts on Implant Supported Fixed Prosthesis:Retrospectıve Study

Year 2019, Volume: 41 Issue: 3, 226 - 234, 01.07.2019

Emre Mumcu

https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.447351

Abstract

In this clinical trial, we
investigated the effect of smoking on marginal bone loss, plaque index,
gingival index and bleeding on probing on dental implants. For this
retrospective study, participants were selected from patients who had been
rehabilated with implant supported fixed prosthesis at Eskişehir Osmangazi
University  Dental Faculty between
February 2013 and January 2018. Various information about age, gender and
smoking habits were recorded for each patient. Marginal bone loss was measured
on panoramic x-rays using corel draw 11.0 software. The study was conducted on
a total of 118 patients who underwent a total of 312 implants at 6, 12 and 24
months of age. The ages of the patients ranged from 24 to 70 years and the mean
age was 47 ± 8.29. Patients included in the study, 50 were male and 68 were
female, 98 were non-smoking and 20 were smoking. In this study, the effect of
smoking on marginal bone loss in  distal
region was statistically significant gingival index in smokers, bleeding in the
probe and plaque index showed statistically significant differences with
period. Patient sex and age; it can be deduced that there is no effect on
marginal bone loss, but in those with smoking habits the surround of the
implant is more involved with plaque involvement and bleeding in the probing
than non-smokers, the risk of implant crestal bone loss increases with smoking
habit and may lead to implant loss. 

Keywords

Marginal Bone Loss, Implant supported fixed prosthesis

Sigara Alışkanlığının İmplant Üstü Sabit Protezler Üzerine Etkileri:Retrospektif Çalışma

Abstract

Bu klinik çalışmada amaç; sigara kullanımının
dental implantlar çevresindeki  marginal
kemik kaybı, plak indeksi, gingival indeks ve sondalama da kanama varlığı  üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Retrospektif
çalışma için, Şubat 2013 ile Ocak 2018 arasında Eskişehir Osmangazi
Dişhekimliği Fakültesinde implant üzeri sabit protez uygulanmış hastalardan
seçilmiş olup, her hasta için yaş, cinsiyet ve sigara içme alışkanlıkları hakkında
çeşitli bilgiler kaydedilmiştir. Marjinal kemik kayıpları miktarı için  Corel Draw 11.0 programı kullanılarak panoromik
röntgenler üzerinden ölçümü yapıldı. Çalışma 24 aylık bir dönemde 312 implant
uygulanan 6. , 12. ve 24. ayda kontrollerine gelen toplam 118 hasta üzerinde
yapılmıştır. Hastaların yaşları 24 ile 70 arasında değişmekte olup, ortalama
yaş 47± 8.29’dur. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların 50’si erkek ve 68’i kadın
katılımcıdan oluşup,  katılımcıların 98’si
sigara içmezken 20'si sigara içiyordu. Bu çalışmanın sınırları içerisinde
implant üstü sabit protezler de sigaranın; implant çevresi marginal kemik kaybı
üzerine etkisini anlamlı olduğu ve zaman dilimine göre distal bölgedeki
marginal kemik kaybının istatiksel olarak arttığı sonucuna varılmıştır
(p<0.01). Sigara içenlerde gingival indeks, sondalamada kanama ve plak
indeksi açısından yaşın ve cinsiyetin bir etkisinin olmadığı, ancak sigara
içenlerde gingival indeks, sondalamada kanama ve plak indeksi zamanla
istatiksel olarak anlamlı derecede arttığını gösterdi. Hasta cinsiyet ve
yaşının; marjinal kemik kaybı üzerine etkisinin olmadığı, fakat sigara içme
alışkanlığı olanlarda implant çevresi plak tutulumunun ve sondalamada kanamanın
sigara içmeyenlere göre daha fazla olduğunun, implant çevresi kemik
kayıplarının sigara alışkanlığı ile birlikte arttığının ve implant kayıplarına
yol açabilecek risk faktörü olduğu çıkarımı yapılabilir.

Keywords

Marjinal Kemik Kaybı, İmplantüstü Sabit Protezler, Sigara Alışkanlıkları

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