The Relationship Between Malnutrition Risk and Prognosis in Geriatric Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19

Abstract

Objective: We evaluated the effect of nutritional status on the prognosis of the disease in geriatric patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 disease.

Materials and Methods: 110 patients over 65 years old were included. Malnutrition risk was assessed by Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002). The patients were divided into two groups according to the NRS 2002 score (≥3 as group-1, <3 as group-2). Prognosis markers of the patients were recorded. Statistical significance level was set at p<0.05.

Results: The study was conducted 110 patients (Man/Woman:51/59). In group-1, duration of hospitalization, tomography involvement, intubation rate and referral to intensive care, respiratory rate, leukocyte count, C reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, d-dimer levels were higher than group-2 (p<0.05). In group 1; 35 cases were discharged, 18 cases were transferred to 1st level intensive care, and 2 cases were transferred to 3rd level intensive care. In the group 2, 53 cases were discharged, and 2 cases were transferred to 1st level intensive care unit. There was a significant positive correlation between NRS 2002 score and age, respiratory rate, leukocyte, CRP, d dimer and days of hospitalization score (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Malnourished patients have higher poor prognostic markers, longer hospital stay and more intensive care needs.  

Keywords

• COVID-19
• geriatrics
• malnutrition risk
• NRS 2002

COVID-19 Nedeniyle İnterne Edilen Geriatrik Hastalarda Malnütrisyon Riski ile Prognoz Arasındaki İlişki

Öz

Amaç: Çalışmamızda COVID-19 hastalığı nedeniyle hastaneye yatırılan geriatrik hastalarda nutrisyon durumunun hastalığın prognozuna olan etkisini değerlendirdik.

Materyal ve Metot: Bu prospektif tek merkezli çalışmaya pandemi servisimize yatırılan 65 yaş üstü 110 COVID-19 tanılı hasta dâhil edildi. Malnutrisyon riski Nutrityonel Risk Taraması 2002 (NRS 2002) ile değerlendirildi. Hastalar NRS 2002 skoruna göre ≥3 puan (1. grup) ve <3 puan (2. grup) olacak şekilde iki gruba ayrıldı. Hastaların prognoz belirteçleri kaydedildi. Tüm bu parametreler bu iki grup arasında değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak belirlendi.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 110 hasta (Erkek/Kadın:51/59) dahil edildi. 1.grupta yatış süresi, tomografi tutulumu, entübasyon ve yoğun bakıma sevk oranları, lökosit, C reaktif proteini (CRP), ferritin, d-dimer düzeyleri 2. gruba göre daha yüksekti (p<0,05). 1.gruptaki 35 olgu taburcu, 18 olgu 1. basamak yoğun bakıma sevk, 2 olgu 3. basamak yoğun bakıma sevk edildi. 2. Grupta ise 53 olgu taburcu, 2 olgu 1. basamak yoğun bakıma sevk edildi. NRS2002 skoru ile yaş, solunum sayısı, lökosit, üre, kreatinin, CRP, d-dimer ve yattığı gün sayısı arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki saptandı (p<0,05).

Sonuç: COVID-19 tanısı ile hastaneye yatırılan geriatrik hastalarda nutrisyonel durumun hastalığın prognozunu etkilediğini gösterdik. Malnütre hastaların prognostik belirteçleri daha kötü, hastanede yatış süresi daha uzundur ve yoğun bakım ihtiyacı belirgin olarak artmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Covid-19
• geriatri
• malnütrisyon
• NRS 2002

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