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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2147-5881</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Pamukkale University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Engineering</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Mühendislik</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Kitle destekli dağıtım servis ağı tasarımı problemi</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Crowd-shipping service network design problem</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Yıldız</surname>
                                    <given-names>Barış</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KOÇ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20220228">
                    <day>02</day>
                    <month>28</month>
                    <year>2022</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>28</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>104</fpage>
                                        <lpage>116</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20200909">
                        <day>09</day>
                        <month>09</month>
                        <year>2020</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20210405">
                        <day>04</day>
                        <month>05</month>
                        <year>2021</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2013, Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Şehir içi dağıtım faaliyetlerinin artan maliyetleri ve neden olduğu sorunlar (trafik, çevre kirliliği, gürültü, araç kazaları, vb.) hakkında artan kaygılar, bu alanda yenilikçi yaklaşımlara olan ihtiyacı giderek artırmaktadır. Ön plana çıkan söz konusu yaklaşımlardan birisi de Kitle destekli dağıtım (KDD) modelidir. Yolcu ve paket taşımacılığını bütünleştirerek atıl araç kapasitelerinin faydalı bir şekilde kullanılmasını amaçlayan bu modelde, kişilerin küçük ekonomik kazançlar sağlamak ve/veya dağıtım faaliyetlerinin çevreye verdiği zararları azaltılmasına katkı sunmak amacıyla kendi seyahatleri sırasında yolları üzerindeki servis noktaları arasında paket taşımacılığı yapması öngörülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, KDD faaliyetlerinin etkin bir şekilde yürütebilmesi için gerekli olan servis noktalarının/paket otomatlarının şehrin hangi noktalarına hangi kapasiteler ile kurulması gerektiğini belirlemek için çözülmesi gereken stratejik seviye “KDD servis ağı tasarımı” problemini literatüre tanıtıyoruz. İki seviyeli, senaryo tabanlı belirsiz bir tamsayılı program olarak modellediğimiz problemin çözümü için etkin bir Benders Ayrıştırma algoritması önermekteyiz. Gerçekleştirdiğimiz geniş kapsamlı hesapsal çalışmalar geliştirdiğimiz çözüm yönteminin etkinliğini ortaya koymakta, önemli yönetimsel çıkarımlar sunmaktadır. Elde ettiğimiz sonuçlar, hızlı paket taşımacılığı gibi oldukça zorlu ve maliyetli (ekonomik ve çevresel) bir dağıtım faaliyeti için iyi tasarlanmış bir KDD modelinin önemli kazanımlar sağlayabileceğini göstermektedir. Nispeten küçük sayıda (çalıştığımız problem örneklerinde en fazla 60 adet) servis noktaları ile dağıtımların önemli bir kısmının (çalıştığımız problem örneklerinde %56’ya kadar) “kitle” tarafından yapıldığı etkin bir KDD sisteminin teşkil edilebileceğini gösteren bu sonuçlar, önerilen yenilikçi yaklaşımın uygulanabilirliği konusunda önemli ipuçları vermektedir.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>With the rising concerns over the increasing costs and negative externalities of city logistics, the need for innovative approaches to come up with low-cost and environmentally friendly distribution systems is on the rise. One such innovative approach is crowd-shipping (CS). In this model, which aims to combine packet and passenger transfers to utilize redundant transportation capacity, the individuals who want to earn small compensations and/or help the environment are employed to carry out package transfers between service points on the paths of their already planned trips. In this study, we introduce the strategic level CS network design problem, which needs to be solved to determine the locations and the capacities of the service points in the urban area to establish an efficient CS delivery system. We propose a novel Benders Decomposition algorithm to solve this challenging problem that we model as a scenario-based two-stage stochastic integer program. The results of our comprehensive numerical experiments attest to the efficacy of the approach to solve practical size problem instances and provide significant managerial insights, showing that such a well-designed CS network can provide savings (in terms of both economic and environmental costs), even in the case of express package transfers with very stringent delivery lead time restrictions. In particular, our results show that by carefully choosing the locations and the capacities of the service points, it is possible to carry out a significant portion of express deliveries with the crowd provided delivery capacity (up to 56% in our experiments) without deploying a very large number of them (less than 60 in all our experiment) in the region, indicating the strong potential and applicability of the CS delivery systems in real world delivery operations.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Şehir içi lojistiği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Kitle destekli dağıtım</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Belirsizlikte eniyileme</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Benders ayrıştırma</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>City logistics</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Crowd-Shipping</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Stochastic programming</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Benders decomposition</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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