Farklı malzemelere sahip hibrid kompozitlerde çatlağın mekanik davranışlara etkisinin analizi

Year 2018, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 616 - 625, 17.08.2018

Bekir Yalçın , Berkay Ergene

Abstract

Metallere
göre hafif ve yüksek yorulma dayanımı, darbe dayanımı ve özgül mukavemet
özelliklerinden dolayı kompozit malzemelerin, başta havacılık sektörü olmak
üzere endüstride giderek kullanım alanı genişlemektedir. Kompozit malzemeler
arasından yaygın olarak kullanılan fiber takviyeli kompozitlerde, en önemli
kritik faktör, yükü taşıyan ve ana yapıya dağıtan fiber ile ana malzeme
arasında çatlak oluşumu ve bu çatlağın yükler neticesinde ilerleyerek yapının
dayanımını düşürmesidir. Bu çalışmada, farklı fiber açılarına sahip tabakalı
hibrid kompozit malzeme içerisinde farklı alanlara yerleştirilmiş çatlağın
mekanik davranışlara etkisi sonlu elemanlar analizi ile belirlenmeye
çalışılmıştır. Analizlerde, toplam 1.5 mm kalınlığa sahip üç tabakalı ve farklı
açılarda (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° ve 90°) yönlendirilmiş ve cam-epoksi, bor-epoksi,
karbon-epoksi,

cam-bor-karbon-epoksi fiber takviyeli alüminyum tabakalı kompozit yapı
içerisine,  kenarda ve ortada olmak üzere
farklı açılara (0° ve 30°) sahip çatlaklar oluşturulmuş ve çekme yükü
uygulanmıştır. Yapılan sonlu elemanlar analizi ile çatlaklı hibrid kompozitte
meydana gelen gerilme ve yer değiştirme değerleri elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen
sonuçlara göre, fiber oryantasyonunun uygulanan yüke (yük x eksenine 90°) paralel duruma yaklaşması ile üst ve alt alüminyum
plakada oluşan gerilmelerde düşüş görülmüştür. Ayrıca, çatlak açısının
artmasıyla kayma gerilmelerinde artış görülmüştür.

Keywords

Hibrid kompozit, Çatlak, Simülasyon

Analyzing the effect of crack in different hybrid composite materials on mechanical behaviors

Abstract

The
using areas of composite materials in mainly aerospace sector and other
industry have been increased due to their more light, high fatigue strength,
impact strength and specific strength properties than metals. The critical
factor in fiber reinforced laminate composites from composite materials is to
crack formation on interface matrix structure and fibers carrying loads and
distributing forces to matrix structure. 
Also, the cracks on interface matrix structure and fibers cause
decreasing the composite structure strength with crack propagations under
loads. In this study, the effect of location and angle of the crack in the
laminate hybrid composite material reinforced with glass-epoxy, boron-epoxy,
carbon-epoxy, glass-boron-carbon-epoxy fibers at different angles on mechanical
behaviors is determined with finite element analyses. In analyses, the
different located crack and crack angles (0° and 30°) inside the laminate composite structure with
different fiber materials reinforced at different angles (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90°) with 1.5 mm of total composite thickness were formed
and applied tensile forces. Afterwards, stress and displacement values were
obtained in the cracked fiber reinforced structures. According to results,
Decrease in stress at top and bottom aluminium plate was observed in case of
parallel fiber orientation to the applied forces. Beside, shear stresses
increase with increasing the crack angle.

Keywords

Hybrid composite, Crack, Simulation

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