Invetigations of mechanical properties after dissimilar steels post-weld of Q345B steel

Year 2020, Volume: 26 Issue: 7, 1328 - 1334, 07.12.2020

Bünyamin Çiçek Tuna Aydoğmuş Emine Gündoğdu İş Yavuz Sun

Abstract

In this study, it has been reported that Q345B steel combine with different steels using electric arc welding method and the mechanical properties were investigated. Produced by hot rolling processes, Q345B steel is a low-alloyed medium tensile strength and highly usable steel. The steel used contain less than 0.2% carbon and less than 0.55% silicon, chromium and nickel. In this study, Q345B steel generally used at low-pressure/temperature zones in thermal power plant (boiler wall etc.) is combined with 16Mo3 and P265GH steels. The Q345B steel is welded to make the mechanical properties easy to compare. After joining, specimens were collected from the welded areas and used in the preparation of mechanical and metallographic processes. In this process, all joints were subject to tensile, charpy, hardness and bending tests. In addition, the collection of macro images from welding were used in observation of transition zones which were operated. Electrodes with a basic character cover were used (E7018) as filler metal in the joining processes. All mechanical tests met the requirements of the relevant standards and all welds were identified as valid weld.

Keywords

Dissimilar alloys, Low carbon steel, Weld, Mechanical properties, Standard

References

• [1] Guo J, Xu X, Jepson MA, Thomson RC. "Influence of weld thermal cycle and post weld heat treatment on the microstructure of MarBN steel". International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 174, 13-24, 2019.
• [2] Hu X, Liu Y, Khan M, Wang Q. "High-Cycle Fatigue Properties and Damage Mechanism of Q345B Structural Steel". Strength of Materials, 49(1), 67-74, 2017.
• [3] You X, Liu Y, Khan M, Wang Q. "Low cycle fatigue behaviour and life prediction of Q345B steel and its welded joint". Materials Research Innovations, 19(5), 1299-1303, 2015.
• [4] Çiçek B, İş EG, Gümüş E, Topuz P. "The Effect of Welding Positions on the Weldability of X20CrMoV11-1 Steels". Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering, 5(1), 75-83, 2018.
• [5] Salur E, Acarer M, Kabakçi F, Keskinkılıç S, Kumdalı Acar F, Çiçek B. "Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of 9Cr-1Mo-1W Weld Metal". Hittite Journal of Science & Engineering, 5(3), 203-208, 2018.
• [6] Sopoušek J, Foret R. "More sophisticated thermodynamic designs of welds between dissimilar steels". Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 13(1), 17-24, 2008.
• [7] Soysal T, Kou S, Tat D, Pasang T. "Macrosegregation in dissimilar-metal fusion welding". Acta Materialia, 110, 149-160, 2016.
• [8] Chen S, Huang J, Xia J, Zhang H, Zhao X. "Microstructural characteristics of a stainless steel/copper dissimilar joint made by laser welding". Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 44(8), 3690-3696, 2013.
• [9] Magnabosco I, Ferro P, Bonollo F, Arnberg L. "An investigation of fusion zone microstructures in electron beam welding of copper–stainless steel". Materials Science and Engineering: A, 424(1-2), 163-173, 2006.
• [10] Omar A. "Parameters on Hard Zone Dissimilar Metal Welds". Welding Journal, 1998, 86-93, 1998.
• [11] Asai S, Ogawa T, Ishizaki Y, Minemura T, Minami H, Iyazaki SM. "Application of plasma MIG hybrid welding to dissimilar joints between copper and steel". Welding in the World, 56(1-2), 37-42, 2012.
• [12] Mai T, Spowage A. "Characterisation of dissimilar joints in laser welding of steel–kovar, copper–steel and copper–aluminium". Materials Science and Engineering: A, 374(1-2), 224-233, 2004.
• [13] Ramkumar KD, Krishnan SR, Ramanand R, Logesh S, Satyandas T, Ameer A, Arivazhagan N. "Structure–property relationships of PCGTA welds of Inconel X750 in as-welded and post-weld heat treated conditions-A comparative study". Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 20, 1-14, 2015.
• [14] Hosseini HS, Shamanian M, Kermanpur A. "Microstructural and weldability analysis of Inconel617/AISI 310 stainless steel dissimilar welds". International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 144, 18-24, 2016.
• [15] Rajani HZ, Mousavi SA, Sani FM. "Comparison of corrosion behavior between fusion cladded and explosive cladded Inconel 625/plain carbon steel bimetal plates". Materials & Design, 43, 467-474, 2013.
• [16] Srikanth A, Manikandan M. "Development of welding technique to avoid the sensitization in the alloy 600 by conventional Gas Tungsten Arc Welding method". Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 30, 452-466, 2017.
• [17] Jafarzadegan M, Abdollah-Zadeh A, Feng A, Saeid T, Shen J, Assadi H. "Microstructure and mechanical properties of a dissimilar friction stir weld between austenitic stainless steel and low carbon steel". Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 29(4), 367-372, 2013.
• [18] Jafarzadegan M, Feng A, Abdollah-Zadeh A, Saeid T, Shen J, Assadi H. "Microstructural characterization in dissimilar friction stir welding between 304 stainless steel and st37 steel". Materials Characterization, 74, 28-41, 2012.
• [19] Yang L, Shi G, Zhao M, Zhou W. "Research on interactive buckling behavior of welded steel box-section columns". Thin-Walled Structures, 115, 34-47, 2017.
• [20] Anant R, Dahiya JP, Agrawal B, Ghosh P, Kumar R, Kumar S, Kumar K. "SMA, GTA and P-GMA dissimilar weld joints of 304LN stainless steel to HSLA steel; Part-1: thermal and microstructure characteristics". Materials Research Express, 2018. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2053-1591/aad403.
• [21] Han Q, Guo Q, Yin Y, Xing Y. "Fatigue performance of butt welds between cast steel joint and steel tubular members". Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 40(4), 642-651, 2017.
• [22] Han Q, Guo Q, Yin Y, Xing Y. "Fatigue behaviour of G20Mn5QT cast steel and butt welds with Q345B steel". International Journal of Steel Structures, 16(1), 139-149, 2016.
• [23] International Organization for Standardization. "Qualification testing of welders - Fusion welding - Part 1: Steels". Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, TS EN ISO-9606-1, 2017.
• [24] International Organization for Standardization. "Welding Consumables-Covered Electrodes for Manual Metal Arc Welding of Creep-Resisting Steels-Classification". Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, TS EN ISO-3580, 2017.
• [25] (JWS) JWS. “Calculation software of welding”. 2011 Available From. http://www-it.jwes.or.jp/weld_simulator/en/cal1.jsp (18.04.2019).
• [26] Winterton K. "Weldability prediction from steel composition to avoid heat-affected zone cracking". Welding Journal, 40(6), 253-258, 1961.
• [27] Lancaster JF, Metallurgy of welding. 6th ed. Cambridge, England, Woodhead Publishing, 1999.
• [28] ASTM International. "Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, And Sheet Piling". West Conshohocken, PA, USA, A6/A6M-11, 2011.
• [29] International Organization for Standardization. "Welding-Recommendations for Welding of Metallic Materials-Part 1: General Guidance for arc Welding". Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, TS EN ISO-1011-1, 2010.
• [30] Liskevych O, Scotti A. "Determination of the gross heat input in arc welding". Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 225, 139-150, 2015.
• [31] Gadallah R, Osawa N, Tanaka S, Tsutsumi S. "Critical investigation on the influence of welding heat input and welding residual stress on stress intensity factor and fatigue crack propagation". Engineering Failure Analysis, 89, 200-221, 2018.
• [32] Gupta SK, Raja AR, Vashista M, Yusufzai MZK. "Effect of heat input on microstructure and mechanical properties in gas metal arc welding of ferritic stainless steel". Materials Research Express, 2018. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2053-1591/aaf492.
• [33] İpekoğlu G, Küçükömeroğlu T, Aktarer SM, Sekban DM, Çam G. "Investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded dissimilar St37/St52 joints". Materials Research Express, 2019. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2053-1591/aafb9f.
• [34] International Organization for Standardization. "Welding-Fusion-Welded Joints in Steel, Nickel, Titanium and Their Alloys (Beam Welding Excluded)-Quality Levels for Imperfections". Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, TS EN ISO-5817, 2014.
• [35] International Organization for Standardization. "Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials-Transverse tensile test". Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, TS EN ISO-4136, 2013.
• [36] International Organization for Standardization. "Destructive Tests on Welds in Metallic Materials-Bend Tests". Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, TS EN ISO-5173, 2010.
• [37] International Organization for Standardization. "Destructive Tests On Welds İn Metallic Materials - Impact Tests-Test Specimen Location, Notch Orientation and Examination". Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, TS EN ISO-9016, 2012.
• [38] International Organization for Standardization. "Destructive Tests on Welds in Metallic Materials-Hardness Testing-Part 1: Hardness Test on Arc Welded Joints". Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, TS EN ISO-9015-1, 2011.
• [39] International Organization for Standardization. "Destructive Tests on Welds in Metallic Materials-Macroscopic and Microscopic Examination of Welds". Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, TS EN ISO-17639, 2014.
• [40] Shahdad SA, McCabe JF, Bull S, Rusby S, Wassell RW. "Hardness measured with traditional Vickers and Martens hardness methods". Dental Materials, 23(9), 1079-1085, 2007.
• [41] Ho H, Chung K, Liu X, Xiao M, Nethercot D. "Modelling tensile tests on high strength S690 steel materials undergoing large deformations". Engineering Structures, 192, 305-322, 2019.
• [42] Chen C, Chiew S-P, Zhao M-S, Lee C-K, Fung T-C. "Welding effect on tensile strength of grade S690Q steel butt joint". Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 153, 153-168, 2019.
• [43] International Organization for Standardization. "Specification and Qualification of Welding Procedures for Metallic Materials-Welding Procedure Test-Part 1: Arc and Gas Welding of Steels and Arc Welding of Nickel and Nickel Alloys". Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, TS EN ISO-15614-1, 2017.