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Multiculturalism and Anatolian Alevism in The United Kingdom

Year 2019, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 261 - 278, 10.09.2019

Abstract

This study
offers empirical conclusions of exists of Britain’s Alevis. Also it presents to
discover the motives of Alevis immigration from Turkey to the UK. Our main
purpose is to discover what the situation of Alevism in the UK is exclusively
multicultural policy. Traditionally Alevism is known as a mixture of Turkish
culture and Islamic practice tradition which means it is a heritage of the
Turkish culture and Islamic tradition. Then why do Alevis want to escape from
their country and their culture to another country? We do they try to
comprehend and clarify this situation within the context of multiculturalism.
This research was conducted between August 2017 and August 2018 in the UK.
Semi-structured technique was used in this study. The findings indicated the UK
has immigrant policy by ‘multicultural sensibility’. Besides, Alevis can find
their faith and cultural acceptance within a multicultural concept in the UK.

References

  • Akdemir, Aysegul (2016), “Alevis in Britain: Emerging Identities a Transnational Social Space”, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Essex, Essex.Arslan, Zeynep (2016), “The Alevi Diaspora: its emergence as a political actor and its impact on the homeland”, Border Crossing, Vol: 6, No: 2, pp. 342-353. Benet-martinez, Veronica (2012), Multiculturalism: Cultural, Social, and Personality Processes, Oxford Handbooks Online, Oxford.Aydin, Erdoğan (2013), Kimlik Mücadelesinde Alevilik, Literatür Yay., İstanbul.Bilecen, Tuncay (2016), “Political Participation in Alevi Diaspora in the UK”, Border Crossing, Vol: 6, No: 2, pp. 372-385.Bozkurt, Fuat (2000), Çağdaşlaşma Sürecinde Alevilik, Doğan Kitap Yay., İstanbul. Bousetta, Hassan and Dirk Jacobs (2006), “Multiculturalism, Citizenship, and Islam in Problematic Encounters in Belgium”, in Tariq Modood, Anna Triandafyllidou, Ricard Zapata (eds.), Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship a European Approach, Routledge, New York.Bruinessen, Martin Van (1992), ‘Kurdish society, nationalism and ethnicity, refugee problems’, in Philip G. Kreyenbroek and Stefan Sperl (eds), The Kurds: a contemporary overview. London: Routledge, 1992, pp. 33-67.Bruinessen, Martin Van (1996), “Kurds, Turks and the Alevi revival in Turkey”, Middle East Report, no. 200, Summer, pp. 7-10.Çakir, Ruşen (1998), “Political Alevism Versus Political Sünnism: Convergences end Divergences”, in Alevi Identity, Edt. T. Olsson, E. Özdalga, C. Raudvere, Swedish Research Institüte, İstanbul. Enneli, Pinar, Tarig Modood and Harriet Bradley (2005), “Young Turks and Kurds-A set of ‘invisible’ disadvantaged groups”, Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York.Eröz, Mehmet (1976), Türkiye’de Alevilik ve Bektaşilik, Kültür Bakanlığı Yay., Ankara.Jenkins, Celia and Umit Cetin (2018), “From ‘sort of Muslim’ to ‘proud to be Alevi’: the Alevi religion and identity project combatting the negative identity among second-generation Alevis in the UK”, National Identities, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp, 105-123.Kenanoglu, Ali (2016), Alevism in Turkey: Problem and Solutions; Seven Demands, seven proposals, https://tr.boell.org/de/2016/04/18/alevism-turkey-problem-and-solutions-seven-demands-seven-proposals.Kutlu, Sönmez (2003), “Aleviliğin Dini Statüsü: Din, Mezhep, Tarikat, Heterodoksi, Ortodoksi veya Metadoksi”, İslamiyat Dergisi, Cilt: 6, s.3, ss.31-54.Kucukcan, Talip (1999), Politics of Ethnicity, Identity and Religion-Turkish Muslim in Britain, Ashgate Publishing, Aldershot.Kymlicka, Will (1995), Multicultural Citizenship: A liberal Theory of Minority Rights, Levey, Gaeoffrey Brahm (2018), “The Bristol school of multiculturalism”, Ethnicities, Bristol.Marshall, Catherine and Gretchen B. Rossman (2006), Designing Qualitative Research, Sage Publications, London.Massicard, Elise (2013), Türkiye’den Avrupa’ya Alevi Hareketini Siyasallaşması, Çev. Ali Berktay, İletişim Yay., İstanbul.Mathieu, Felix (2018), “The Failure of state multiculturalism in the UK? An analysis of the UK’s multicultural policy for 200-2015”, Ethnicities, Vol. 18(1), pp. 43-69. Melikoff, Irene (2011), Uyur İdik Uyardılar-Alevi-Bektaşi Araştırmaları, Çev. Turan Alptekin, Demos Yay, İstanbul.Meer, Nasar and Tariq Modood (2015), “Religious pluralism in the United States and Britain: Its implications for Muslims and nationhood”, Volume: 62 issue: 4, pp. 526-540, Article first published online.Modood, Tariq and Stephen May (2001), Multiculturalism and Education in Britain: an internally contested debate, International Journal of Educational Research, vol. 35 pp. 305–317.Modood, Tariq (2006), “British Muslims and the Politics of Multiculturalism”, in Tariq Modood, Anna Triandafyllidou, Ricard Zapata (eds.), Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship a European Approach, Routledge, New York.Modood, Tariq (2013), Multiculturalism: A Civic Idea, Polity Press, London.Ocak, Ahmet Yaşar (1999), Türkler, Türkiye ve İslam-Yaklaşım, Yöntem ve Yorum Denemeleri, İletişim Yay, İstanbul.Ocak, Ahmet Yaşar (2013), Alevi ve Bektaşi İnançlarının İslam Öncesi Temelleri, İletişim Yay, İstanbul.Opinium Research (2017), “Multicultural Britain in 21st Century”, Opinion Research, London.Özbudun, Sibel (2006), “Her Parlayan Altın Değildir ya da Çokkültürcülük Üzerine Sesli Düşünceler”, Avrupa Birliği ve Çokkültürcülük Yalanı içinde, ss. 101-111, Ütopya Yay., Ankara.Patten, Mildred L. (2005), Understanding Research Methods, Pyrczak Publishing, Patton, Michael Quinn (2002), Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods, Sage Publications, London. Rattansi, Ali (2011), Multiculturalism-A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, New York.Parekh, Bhikhu (2006), “Europe, Liberalism and the ‘Muslim Question’”, in Tariq Modood, Anna Triandafyllidou, Ricard Zapata (eds.), Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship a European Approach, Routledge, New York.Preffer, Dan (2015), Group Integration and Multiculturalism- Theory, Policy and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan, London.Shankland, David (2006), The Alevis in Turkey-The Emergence of a Secular Islamic Tradition, RoutledgeCurzon, Newyork. Shindeldecker, John (2001), Turkish Alevis Today, Sahkulu Sultan Kulliyesi Vakfı Yay., Istanbul.Şimşek, Sefa (2004), “New Social Movements in Turkey since 1980”, Turkish Studies, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 111-139.Tolley, Erin (2011), Multicultural Policy Index: Immigrant Minority Policies, School of Policy Studies, Publications Unit, Kingston. Türk, Hüseyin ve Arif Kala (2014), “Alevilikte Kimlik Sorununun Değerlendirilmesi ve Tartışılması”, Alevilik-Bektaşilik Araştırmaları Dergisi, s. 9, ss. 45-69.Triandafyllidou, Anna, Tariq Modood and Ricard Zapata-Barrero (2006), “European Challenges to Multicultural Citizenship- Muslims, secularism and beyond”, in Tariq Modood, Anna Triandafyllidou, Ricard Zapata (eds.), Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship a European Approach, Routledge, New York.Vatandaş, Celalettin (2001), “Tarihsel Bir Deneyim Olarak Çokkültürlülük: İmparatorluklar (Osmanlı Örneği), Avrupa Günlüğü Dergisi EUROAGENDA, ss. 345-Vatandaş, Celalettin (2002), Küreselleşme Sürecinde Toplumsal Kimlikler ve Çokkültürlülük, Değişim Yay., İstanbul.Vorhoff, Karın (2010), “Türkiye’de Alevilik ve Bektaşilikle İlgili Akademik ve Gazetecilik Nitelikli Yayınlar”, Alevi Kimliği içinde, Çev. Bilge Kurt Torun, Hayati Torun, Edt. T. Olsson, E. Özdalga, C. Raudvere, Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yay., İstanbul.Zelyut, Rıza (1998), Öz Kaynaklarına Göre Alevilik, Yön Yay, İstanbul.
Year 2019, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 261 - 278, 10.09.2019

Abstract

References

  • Akdemir, Aysegul (2016), “Alevis in Britain: Emerging Identities a Transnational Social Space”, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Essex, Essex.Arslan, Zeynep (2016), “The Alevi Diaspora: its emergence as a political actor and its impact on the homeland”, Border Crossing, Vol: 6, No: 2, pp. 342-353. Benet-martinez, Veronica (2012), Multiculturalism: Cultural, Social, and Personality Processes, Oxford Handbooks Online, Oxford.Aydin, Erdoğan (2013), Kimlik Mücadelesinde Alevilik, Literatür Yay., İstanbul.Bilecen, Tuncay (2016), “Political Participation in Alevi Diaspora in the UK”, Border Crossing, Vol: 6, No: 2, pp. 372-385.Bozkurt, Fuat (2000), Çağdaşlaşma Sürecinde Alevilik, Doğan Kitap Yay., İstanbul. Bousetta, Hassan and Dirk Jacobs (2006), “Multiculturalism, Citizenship, and Islam in Problematic Encounters in Belgium”, in Tariq Modood, Anna Triandafyllidou, Ricard Zapata (eds.), Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship a European Approach, Routledge, New York.Bruinessen, Martin Van (1992), ‘Kurdish society, nationalism and ethnicity, refugee problems’, in Philip G. Kreyenbroek and Stefan Sperl (eds), The Kurds: a contemporary overview. London: Routledge, 1992, pp. 33-67.Bruinessen, Martin Van (1996), “Kurds, Turks and the Alevi revival in Turkey”, Middle East Report, no. 200, Summer, pp. 7-10.Çakir, Ruşen (1998), “Political Alevism Versus Political Sünnism: Convergences end Divergences”, in Alevi Identity, Edt. T. Olsson, E. Özdalga, C. Raudvere, Swedish Research Institüte, İstanbul. Enneli, Pinar, Tarig Modood and Harriet Bradley (2005), “Young Turks and Kurds-A set of ‘invisible’ disadvantaged groups”, Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York.Eröz, Mehmet (1976), Türkiye’de Alevilik ve Bektaşilik, Kültür Bakanlığı Yay., Ankara.Jenkins, Celia and Umit Cetin (2018), “From ‘sort of Muslim’ to ‘proud to be Alevi’: the Alevi religion and identity project combatting the negative identity among second-generation Alevis in the UK”, National Identities, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp, 105-123.Kenanoglu, Ali (2016), Alevism in Turkey: Problem and Solutions; Seven Demands, seven proposals, https://tr.boell.org/de/2016/04/18/alevism-turkey-problem-and-solutions-seven-demands-seven-proposals.Kutlu, Sönmez (2003), “Aleviliğin Dini Statüsü: Din, Mezhep, Tarikat, Heterodoksi, Ortodoksi veya Metadoksi”, İslamiyat Dergisi, Cilt: 6, s.3, ss.31-54.Kucukcan, Talip (1999), Politics of Ethnicity, Identity and Religion-Turkish Muslim in Britain, Ashgate Publishing, Aldershot.Kymlicka, Will (1995), Multicultural Citizenship: A liberal Theory of Minority Rights, Levey, Gaeoffrey Brahm (2018), “The Bristol school of multiculturalism”, Ethnicities, Bristol.Marshall, Catherine and Gretchen B. Rossman (2006), Designing Qualitative Research, Sage Publications, London.Massicard, Elise (2013), Türkiye’den Avrupa’ya Alevi Hareketini Siyasallaşması, Çev. Ali Berktay, İletişim Yay., İstanbul.Mathieu, Felix (2018), “The Failure of state multiculturalism in the UK? An analysis of the UK’s multicultural policy for 200-2015”, Ethnicities, Vol. 18(1), pp. 43-69. Melikoff, Irene (2011), Uyur İdik Uyardılar-Alevi-Bektaşi Araştırmaları, Çev. Turan Alptekin, Demos Yay, İstanbul.Meer, Nasar and Tariq Modood (2015), “Religious pluralism in the United States and Britain: Its implications for Muslims and nationhood”, Volume: 62 issue: 4, pp. 526-540, Article first published online.Modood, Tariq and Stephen May (2001), Multiculturalism and Education in Britain: an internally contested debate, International Journal of Educational Research, vol. 35 pp. 305–317.Modood, Tariq (2006), “British Muslims and the Politics of Multiculturalism”, in Tariq Modood, Anna Triandafyllidou, Ricard Zapata (eds.), Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship a European Approach, Routledge, New York.Modood, Tariq (2013), Multiculturalism: A Civic Idea, Polity Press, London.Ocak, Ahmet Yaşar (1999), Türkler, Türkiye ve İslam-Yaklaşım, Yöntem ve Yorum Denemeleri, İletişim Yay, İstanbul.Ocak, Ahmet Yaşar (2013), Alevi ve Bektaşi İnançlarının İslam Öncesi Temelleri, İletişim Yay, İstanbul.Opinium Research (2017), “Multicultural Britain in 21st Century”, Opinion Research, London.Özbudun, Sibel (2006), “Her Parlayan Altın Değildir ya da Çokkültürcülük Üzerine Sesli Düşünceler”, Avrupa Birliği ve Çokkültürcülük Yalanı içinde, ss. 101-111, Ütopya Yay., Ankara.Patten, Mildred L. (2005), Understanding Research Methods, Pyrczak Publishing, Patton, Michael Quinn (2002), Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods, Sage Publications, London. Rattansi, Ali (2011), Multiculturalism-A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, New York.Parekh, Bhikhu (2006), “Europe, Liberalism and the ‘Muslim Question’”, in Tariq Modood, Anna Triandafyllidou, Ricard Zapata (eds.), Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship a European Approach, Routledge, New York.Preffer, Dan (2015), Group Integration and Multiculturalism- Theory, Policy and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan, London.Shankland, David (2006), The Alevis in Turkey-The Emergence of a Secular Islamic Tradition, RoutledgeCurzon, Newyork. Shindeldecker, John (2001), Turkish Alevis Today, Sahkulu Sultan Kulliyesi Vakfı Yay., Istanbul.Şimşek, Sefa (2004), “New Social Movements in Turkey since 1980”, Turkish Studies, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 111-139.Tolley, Erin (2011), Multicultural Policy Index: Immigrant Minority Policies, School of Policy Studies, Publications Unit, Kingston. Türk, Hüseyin ve Arif Kala (2014), “Alevilikte Kimlik Sorununun Değerlendirilmesi ve Tartışılması”, Alevilik-Bektaşilik Araştırmaları Dergisi, s. 9, ss. 45-69.Triandafyllidou, Anna, Tariq Modood and Ricard Zapata-Barrero (2006), “European Challenges to Multicultural Citizenship- Muslims, secularism and beyond”, in Tariq Modood, Anna Triandafyllidou, Ricard Zapata (eds.), Multiculturalism, Muslims and Citizenship a European Approach, Routledge, New York.Vatandaş, Celalettin (2001), “Tarihsel Bir Deneyim Olarak Çokkültürlülük: İmparatorluklar (Osmanlı Örneği), Avrupa Günlüğü Dergisi EUROAGENDA, ss. 345-Vatandaş, Celalettin (2002), Küreselleşme Sürecinde Toplumsal Kimlikler ve Çokkültürlülük, Değişim Yay., İstanbul.Vorhoff, Karın (2010), “Türkiye’de Alevilik ve Bektaşilikle İlgili Akademik ve Gazetecilik Nitelikli Yayınlar”, Alevi Kimliği içinde, Çev. Bilge Kurt Torun, Hayati Torun, Edt. T. Olsson, E. Özdalga, C. Raudvere, Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yay., İstanbul.Zelyut, Rıza (1998), Öz Kaynaklarına Göre Alevilik, Yön Yay, İstanbul.
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Yılmaz Ceylan 0000-0003-4643-3461

Publication Date September 10, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 15 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ceylan, Y. (2019). Multiculturalism and Anatolian Alevism in The United Kingdom. Paradoks Ekonomi Sosyoloji Ve Politika Dergisi, 15(2), 261-278.