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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>pam med j</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Pamukkale Medical Journal</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">1308-0865</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Pamukkale University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31362/patd.1753390</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Infectious Diseases</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Bulaşıcı Hastalıklar</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Hepatitis A seroprevalence in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C at the initiation of treatment</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Tedavi başlanan kronik hepatit B ve C hastalarında hepatit A seroprevalansı</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9295-4578</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Demircan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Şerife Altun</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>sağlık Bilimleri üniversitesi ankara eğitim ve araştırma hastanesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9841-9456</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kınıklı</surname>
                                    <given-names>Sami</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>SBÜ Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3270-4841</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kaya Kılıç</surname>
                                    <given-names>Esra</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1104-8232</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Ataman Hatipoglu</surname>
                                    <given-names>Cigdem</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260413">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>13</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>19</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>385</fpage>
                                        <lpage>389</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250729">
                        <day>07</day>
                        <month>29</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20250909">
                        <day>09</day>
                        <month>09</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2008, Pamukkale Medical Journal</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2008</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Pamukkale Medical Journal</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Purpose: Hepatitis A is a vaccine-preventable disease that may follow a more severe course and can lead to fulminant hepatitis in patients with chronic hepatitis. The aim of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis A in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C, and to assess the need for hepatitis A vaccination.Materials and methods: A total of 885 adult patients with chronic hepatitis B and C, who had not previously received hepatitis A vaccination and in whom antiviral therapy was initiated between January 2008 and December 2020, were included in the study. Immunity against hepatitis A was assessed at the time of diagnosis by measuring Anti-HAV IgG using the Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA; AxSYM-HAVAB 2.0, ABBOTT) method.Results: The seroprevalence of hepatitis A was 92.7% among 789 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 96 patients with chronic hepatitis C; it was determined to be 94% in patients with chronic hepatitis B and 83% in patients with chronic hepatitis C. While 78% of anti-HAV IgG seronegativity was detected in individuals under 30 years of age, 90% of seronegative cases were under 40. Seropositivity approached 100% in those over 50 years of age; however, a 64-year-old man and a 68-year-old woman with chronic hepatitis C were not immune to hepatitis A.Conclusion: Since hepatitis A superinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C may follow a severe course and lead to a fulminant course, it should be kept in mind that hepatitis A seroprevalence is low, particularly in patients under 30 years of age. However, although the rate decreases with age in adult patients, seronegativity may be detected at any age; therefore, Anti-HAV IgG should be evaluated at the time of diagnosis in all patients with chronic hepatitis, and those found to be negative should be vaccinated against hepatitis A.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Amaç: Hepatit A kronik hepatit hastalarında daha ağır seyredip fulminan hepatite neden olabilen aşı ile önlenebilir bir hastalıktır. Çalışmanın amacı kronik hepatit B ve C hastalarında hepatit A seroprevalansını saptamak ve hepatit A aşı gereksinimini belirlemektir.Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmaya Ocak 2008 ve Aralık 2020 yılları arasında antiviral tedavi başlanan daha önce hepatit A aşısı yapılmamış erişkin 885 kronik hepatit B ve C hastası dahil edildi. Hepatit A’ya karşı bağışıklık Anti-HAV IgG (Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA; AxSYM-HAVAB 2.0, ABBOTT) yöntemi ile tanı anında değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Kronik hepatit B olan 789 ve kronik hepatit C olan 96 hastada hepatit A seroprevalansı %92,7 olup kronik hepatit B hastalarında %94, kronik hepatit C hastalarında %83 olarak saptandı. Anti-HAV IgG seronegatifliğinin %78’i 30 yaş altında saptanırken, seronegatiflerin %90’ı 40 yaş altında idi. 50 yaş üstünde seropozitiflik %100’e yakın olup 64 yaş erkek ve 68 yaş kadın iki kronik hepatit C hastası hepatit A’ya karşı bağışık değildi.Sonuç: Kronik hepatit B ve C hastalarında hepatit A süperenfeksiyonu ciddi seyredip fulminan seyir gösterebileceğinden özellikle 30 yaş altı hastalarda hepatit A seroprevalansının düşük olduğu unutulmamalıdır. Ancak erişkin hastalarda oran yaşla birlikte azalsa da her yaşta seronegatiflik saptanabileceğinden tanı aldığı anda tüm kronik hepatit hastalarında Anti-HAV IgG değerlendirilmeli ve negatif saptananlara hepatit A aşısı yapılmalıdır.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Chronic hepatitis B</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  chronic hepatitis C</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  hepatitis A seroprevalence</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  vaccination</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Kronik hepatit B</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  kronik hepatit C</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  hepatit A seroprevalansı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  aşılama</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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