Why Does Academic Fatigue Occur in Universities? Academic Fatigue Scale Development Study

All manuscripts to be submitted to PUJE must be prepared considering the Article Templates in English and Templates in Turkish (APA 7th Edition). There is a page limit for the submitted manuscripts. Manuscripts should not exceed 35 pages, 1 line spaced, using Times New Roman font (including the abstract, tables, figures, references, acknowledgments, and appendices) in both languages.

In article submissions, the name, institution or any similar information of the author(s), which may reveal the identities of the individuals and harm the evaluation process, should be deleted from the file and the file is required to be uploaded to the system anonymously.

Providing the metadata of the articles is of great importance when uploading them to the DergiPark system. Therefore, the abstract, the key words and the bibliography in the Turkish and English parts of the manuscripts must be fully entered into the system.

Instructions for Authors

1- Ethics Committee Approval: "Ethics Committee Approval" is requested for studies conducted in all branches of science, including social sciences, based on the change made in the TR Index Journal Evaluation Criteria for 2020. Therefore, "Ethics Committee Approval" must be obtained from all studies submitted to our journal. Studies without ethics committee approval will not be included in the evaluation process.

2- Plagiarism: All candidate articles should be scanned with software such as IThenticate© and Turnitin© before being sent to PUJE, and these similarity reports should be submitted with the manuscript. The similarity rate for the whole manuscript should be less than 15%, and the similarity rate for a source should be less than 3%. However, careful examination of the similarities above 1% will be in the interest of the author(s). PUJE has the right to reject all candidate manuscripts that carry academic plagiarism at the editorial stage.

3- Publication Language: The review process of the manuscript submitted to our journal is made on the full Turkish text.

If your manuscript is accepted for publication after the peer-review process, you will be asked for the full text of your manuscript in both Turkish and English.
The full texts in Turkish and English, prepared in both languages, are checked by the language editors of our journal. If the language editors deem the manuscript's language insufficient, language editing will be requested. The manuscript for which language editing is requested will be requested to be redacted in the accredited language institutions recommended below, and the proofreading document will be submitted to the editorial board. An unedited and undocumented manuscript will not be accepted for publication.

You can contact our journal's language editors (pauediting@pau.edu.tr) for support in the translation and proofreading process. Organizations that provide alternative translation and proofreading services where the author(s) can receive support during the translation and editing process of the manuscript are presented below.

Elsevier Dil Servisi (http://webshop.elsevier.com/languageservices/)

Editage (http://www.editage.com/)

Enago (http://www.enago.com/)

Edit My Turkish (https://editmyturkish.com/)

Tandf Dil Servisi (https://www.tandfeditingservices.com/)

American Manuscript Editors (https://americanmanuscripteditors.com)

All studies submitted to PUJE must be prepared in accordance with the Turkish and English Article Template (APA 7th Edition).
There is a page limit for submitted works. Manuscripts should be prepared using 1 line spacing, Times New Roman font, and should not exceed 30 pages (including abstract, tables, figures, bibliography, acknowledgments, and appendices).
Page Layout: A4 should be chosen as the paper size in article writing, and 2,5 cm margins should be left on all sides.
• All edits should be made to the template of our journal, including the journal's emblem and running titles.

Titles Level
Level Format
1. Level: Centered, Bold, Times New Roman 12 Points
The text begins as a new paragraph, unintended.
2. Level: Left Justified, Bold, Times New Roman 12 Points
The text begins as a new paragraph, unintended.
3. Level: Left Justified, Bold, Italic, Times New Roman 12 Points
The text begins as a new paragraph, unintended.
4. Level: Bold, 1.25 cm Indented, Times New Roman 12 Points.
The text starts on the same line and continues as a normal paragraph.
5. Level: Bold, Italic, 1.25 cm Indented, Times New Roman 12 Points.
The text starts on the same line and continues as a normal paragraph.

Heading and Footnotes
• The title of the manuscript should be left justified, centered in Times New Roman 14 points, the first letter of each word should be capitalized (for example, The First Letter of Each Word Should be Capitalized). The title should not exceed 12 words.
• During manuscript submission, "Author's name, surname, footnote, title, contact information, etc." It should be left as it is, and the relevant parts should be edited while they are in the publication phase.
• Footnotes; It should be written in Times New Roman, font size 9, before and after the paragraph with 0nk spacing, single-spaced, and justified.

Abstract
• The abstract should be written in Times New Roman, size 10, with 1 spacing before and after the paragraph with 6nk spacing, justified, italic, and not exceeding 200 words.

Keywords
• The initial letter of the first word in keywords should be capitalized, 3-5 keywords should be included, and commas should separate keywords

Introduction
• There is no need for an "Introduction" title, as the first paragraphs of a manuscript are understood to be introductory. Work should not be started with the heading "Introduction". In this case, the title of the article functions as a 1st level title, sub-titles to be added should be arranged as a 2nd level title.
• Times New Roman should be written in 12 font size, before the paragraph 0 nt and after the paragraph with 6 nt spacing, 1 line spacing, and justified.

Method
• This section provides detailed information on the context of the research, the participants, the role of the researcher, data collection tools and processes, and data analysis.
• It should be written in Times New Roman with 12 font size, before the paragraph 0 nt and after the paragraph with 6 nt spacing, 1 line spacing, and justified.

Results

• In this section, the results (findings) of the research are presented clearly.
• Except for the tables, all the text should be written in Times New Roman 12 points, before the paragraph 0 nt and after the paragraph with 6 nt spacing, 1 line spacing, and justified.
• Table and figure captions should be left justified, Times New Roman 11 points, with the first letter of each word capitalized as in the example. Sample:

Table 1. Conceptual Relationships Between Variables and Direction of These Relationships

Figure 1. Conceptual Relationships Between Variables and Direction of These Relationships

• Tables should be in Times New Roman 11 points with 1 line spacing, with 0nk spacing before and after the paragraph.
• Tables and figures should be centered on the page.
• One line space should be left after tables and figures.
• Statistical symbols should be italicized in text and tables.

Discussion
• In this section, the findings of the study should be discussed in light of existing literature.
• It should be written in Times New Roman, 12 pt, before the paragraph 0 nt and after the paragraph with 6 nt spacing, 1 line spacing, and justified.

Conclusion

• In this section, the findings should be given in relation to the discussion section. Limitations of the study and recommendations based on the findings are presented.
• Times New Roman should be written in 12 font size, before the paragraph 0 nt and after the paragraph with 6 nt spacing, 1 line spacing, and justified.

References

References in the bibliography should be given in accordance with APA 7 (American Psychological Association) standards. 11 point font should be used and this value should be set to 0,5 by selecting “hanging” in the paragraph indent section. Relevant examples are listed below:

Reference to a journal article (single author):
Ateş, M. (2023). Dil eğitiminde dijital öyküleme yönteminin kullanılması: Sistematik derleme çalışması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 59, 340-364. https://doi.org/10.9779.pauefd.1101722
Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (1996). The autonomous-relational self: A new synthesis. European Psychologist, 1(3), 180-186. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040.1.3.180
Reference to a journal article (two authors):
Aşkar, P. ve Umay, A. (2001). İlköğretim matematik öğretmenliği öğretmen adaylarının bilgisayarla ilgili öz-yeterlik algısı. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 21, 1-8.
Martin, L. E., & Potts, G. F. (2004). Reward sensitivity in impulsivity. Neuroreport, 15(9), 1519-1522. http://doi.org/10.1097/01.wnr.0000132920.12990.b9
Reference to a journal article (three and more authors):
Umay, A., Akkuş-Çıkla, O. ve Duatepe, A. (2006). Matematik dersi 1.-5. sınıf öğretim programının NCTM prensip ve standartlarına göre incelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(31), 198-211.
Maner, J. K., Gailliot, M. T., Rouby, D. A., & Miller, S. L. (2007). Can’t take my eyes off you: Attentional adhesion to mates and rivals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93(3), 389 401.
http://doi.org:/10.1037/0022-3514.93.3.389
Reference to a book (single author):
Karasar, N. (1998). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi: Kavramlar, ilkeler, teknikler. Nobel Yayıncılık.
Ward, A. (2004). Attention: A neuropsychological perspective. Psychology Press.
Reference to a book (two authors):
Enginün, İ. ve Kerman, Z. (1991). Ahmet Haşim/Bütün eserleri. Dergah Yayınları.
Stuss, D. T., & Benson, F. (1986). The frontal lobes. Raven Pr.
Reference to a book chapter
Hovardaoğlu, S. (2007). Psikolojik ölçmenin temelleri. Davranış bilimleri için araştırma teknikleri (2. Baskı, s. 87-125) içinde. Hatipoğlu Yayınevi.
Luck, S. J. (2014). A broad overview of the event-related potential technique. In An introduction to event related potential technique (2nd ed., pp. 1-34). The MIT Press.
Edited Book Chapter
Yolcusoy, Ö. ve Çetinkaya, G. (2021). Sorularla konuşma eğitimi. ÖT. Kara (Ed.), Sorularla Türkçe eğitimi (1, 115-161) içinde. Asos Yayınları.
Posner, M. I. (1995). Attention in cognitive neuroscience: An overview. In M. S. Gazzaniga (Ed.), The cognitive neurosciences (pp. 615-624). The MIT Press.
Translated book:
Bowlby, J. (2012). Bağlanma (T. V. Soylu, Çev.). Pinhan Yayıncılık. (Orijinal eserin basım tarihi 1969).
Freud, S. (1961). The interpretation of dreams: The complete and definitive text (J. Strachey, Trans.). Science Editions (Original work published 1900).
Theses and Dissertations:
Bekil, F. (2021). Üniversite öğrencilerinde aile işlevselliği ile uyumsuz mükemmeliyetçilik arasındaki ilişkide ayrışma-bireyleşmenin aracı rolü [Yüksek lisans tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi]. Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
Watkins, S. (2011). The neural basis of attention and perception in the human brain [Doctoral dissertation, University College London]. UCL Discovery. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1323001/1/1323001.pdf
Notes:
• You can reach detailed information about referencing style via the link “https://apastyle.apa.org/instructional-aids/reference-examples.pdf“.
• It is recommended to use DOI links in all references, if available, or to provide the web address where the study can be accessed.
• In Turkish full text; in in-text citations, if the resources have two authors, 'and' should be written before the last author's surname.
• In English full text; in in-text citations, if the resources have two authors, “&” should be written before the last author's surname.
• If there are more than two authors in the Turkish full text, "first author's surname vd., date" Balkıs vd. (2007) should be written outside the parentheses in the text, while “first author's surname ve diğerleri, date" should be written in parentheses (Balkıs ve diğerleri, 2007).
• If there are more than two authors in the English full text, "first author's surname et al., date" should be written in the text (Balkıs et al., 2007).
• In cases where the number of words in direct quotations is more than 40, the entire text should be written justified, 1.25 cm indented, in 10-point italics.
• In articles written in English, the conjunction "and" or the "&" sign is used to refer to publications with two or more authors. In in-text references where only the year information is in the parentheses, “and” is used while where "surname and year" information are included in the parentheses, “&” sign is used.
Doğan and Şencan (2001)
(Doğan & Şencan, 2001)
• If a Turkish resource is cited in English studies, the expression "and" should be used instead of "ve". If an English resource is cited in a Turkish study, the expression "ve" should be used instead of "and". (Nielsen ve Borlund, 2011, p. 110)
Al and Tonta (2004, s. 20) found that ...
• While in Turkish studies, Turkish and English resources are included as they are, in English studies, it is recommended that English citation versions of Turkish studies should be included.
Appendix (If any)
If there is more than one appendix, the order is made with capital letters (A, B, C, …).

Ethics Policy

A number of ethical policies have been developed by the editors and the editorial board to ensure the impartiality and ethics of the work to be published in the Pamukkale University Journal of Education (PUJE). These policies include processes related to authors, reviewers, editors and studies.

The following ethical duties and responsibilities are written in the light of the guide and policies made by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Ethical Responsibilities of Authors

Authors submitting studies to the PUJE are expected to fulfill following ethical responsibilities:

Ø The authors should obtain "Ethics Committee Approval" regarding their work.

Ø  Studies must be original and up-to-date. All reference works must be cited or quoted fully and accurately.

Ø Names that do not contribute to the study are not to be specified as authors. Conflict of interest or relationships must be explained (if available).

Ø Raw materials of submitted article(s) can be requested within the framework of evaluation processes. Authors must submit the requested data and information to editorial and science boards.

Ø Authors are liable to cooperate with editor in informing journal editor or publisher, correcting or withdrawing in case that an inaccuracy or error is detected about any published or under-review study.

Ø Authors are not to submit their studies to application processes of multiple journals.

Ø Any study published in other journal is not to be submitted to the PUJE.

Ø Any under-review study submitted to another journal is not to be submitted to PUJE.

Ø Any process such as adding-removing author, changing the order of authors cannot be demanded for a study under review process.

Ethical Responsibilities of Editors

The editor and field editors of PUJE should hold the following ethical responsibilities that are based on the guides "COPE Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors" and "COPE Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors" published as open Access by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)

General Tasks and Responsibilities

The editors have the following roles and responsibilities

Ø Ensuring the development of the journal in national and international sense,

Ø Managing processes to improve the quality of published studies,

Ø Conducting processes to apply ethical rules for all shareholders of the journal,

Ø Updating publishing and ethical policies with the purpose of bringing contribution to the development of the journal,

Ø Organizing and updating website of the journal.

Relationships with Readers

Editors must consider readers’ feedbacks towards publishing, scope and ethics of the journal. They must improve the studies published in the PUJE in consideration of interests and needs of readers. In addition, they must be liable to respond the questions of readers in line with ethical rules.

Relationships with Authors

Responsibilities of editors to authors are as follows;

Ø They must submit the studies to editorial board to decide whether the studies are to be sent to reviewers or not,

Ø They must to inform authors about publishing and ethical policies,

Ø They must prevent possible conflicts between authors and reviewers,

Ø They carry out “Double-Blind Review” in a healthy way and to ensure an unbiased evaluation process,

Ø They must assess the demands of authors towards not to send their studies to reviewers with whom they have conflict of interest,

Ø They must affirm demands of authors to withdraw their studies under review process,

Ø They must assess authors’ objections to reviewer and editor decisions/reports and to initiate a new review process where available.

Relationships with Reviewers

Responsibilities of editors to reviewers are as follows;

Editors must

Ø choose a suitable reviewer in related field of the study,

Ø ensure information and guidelines needed by reviewers during review process,

Ø monitor any conflict of interest between authors and reviewers,

Ø keep information of reviewer confidential,

Ø encourage reviewers to be unbiased,

Ø respond questions of reviewers about publishing and ethical policies,

Ø update the pool of reviewers with the purpose of improving,

Ø remind reviewers about timing,

Ø encourage reviewers to make constructive, polite and appropriate review.

Relationships with Editorial Board

Editors must

Ø arrange meetings with editorial board with certain intervals,

Ø provide information and guidelines to editorial board about publishing and ethical policies of the PUJE,

Ø improve the journal in consideration of feedbacks of the editorial board,

Ø to ensure objectivity of the members of the editorial board,

Ø to encourage editorial board to make review in scientific framework,

Author Rights:

Author(s) can;

Ø detect the reviewers to whom the studies should not be sent due to conflict of interest and/or other ethical reasons,

Ø withdraw their unpublished study during review process,

Ø oppose to reviewer reports and editor decisions,

Ø demand erratum for information errors or problematic areas in the given study to be published in the first issue due to error in fact during publication process.

Ethical Responsibilities of Reviewers

Studies submitted to the PUJE are reviewed by at least two reviewers in the related field. Ideas of editor or a third reviewer are asked in case of equity between negative and positive views on the article during reviewing process.

Ø Double-blind review process has been adopted in the PUJE, authors and reviewers are not aware of each other’s identity.

Ø Reviewers are expected to read publishing principles of the PUJE

Ø Reviewers should accept to review only the studies in their specialty fields, and not to accept reviewing the manuscript in the field of which they are not expert even for having information about the topic of the given article,

Ø Reviewers should refuse reviewing when they realize they cannot be objective.

Ø Reviewers should complete the review process in a certain period of time, and review on unbiased and confidentiality terms

Ø Reviewers should refuse reviewing in case of a conflict of interest and inform editor about it,

Ø Reviewers should inform editor when the reviewed manuscript has already been submitted to any other journal,

Ø Reviewers should reviewing manuscript in a constructive and polite language, and not to comment personal views such as hospitality, insult and reflation,

Ø Reviewers should make sure that the review is related to the content of any given manuscript. They should pay attention not to bring the effect of religion, race, sex, political views and so on to review process.

Journal Policy

Reviewing and Publishing

All manuscripts sent to the (PUJE) need to follow the principles below in order to get in the process of evaluation and publishing processes. The manuscripts which do not fulfill the requirements of publication principles and the writing rules are not accepted and kindly returned to the author(s).

1. The manuscripts should not be previously published work or should not be under consideration or peer review for publication elsewhere. Papers presented in congresses – on condition that has not been published as a full text in congress books – and manuscripts from dissertations should have a footnote including the necessary information. Author(s) have the responsibility of all contents in the manuscripts.

2. Manuscripts submitted to the journal are subject to a preliminary review by the Editorial Board to assess their suitability in terms of the journal's scope and writing guidelines. For articles that pass the preliminary review and are deemed suitable in terms of format and style, a Submission Fee of 4000 TL or 90 US Dollars per article is charged, regardless of acceptance or rejection. After the submission fee is paid, the submissions are submitted to at least two reviewers for evaluation using the blind review method. The referees are given 30 days and a new referee is appointed if any one of them does not express an opinion in the given period of time. Manuscripts are required to have an “issuable” report by at least two referees in order to be published. In case of any rejection from one of the referees, a third (or forth if required) referee is appointed. Author(s) are responsible with the revisions (if any) recommended by the referee(s) in 30 days. The accepted manuscripts proceed to the publication process. After the proofreading process, a DOI number is assigned and the manuscript appears in Online First section. The manuscripts published Articles in Press section are printed in an upcoming issue depending on the decision of the Editorial Board. Authors may withdraw their work while in the pre-control phase. It is not possible to withdraw the studies in the referee evaluation.

3. Neither referee(s) nor author(s) know the personal information of each other. All this privacy policy is under the responsibility of the editorial office.

Plagiarism Detection

Before the submission all manuscripts submitted to PUJE must be screened for plagiarism using applications like iThenticate© and Turnitin© by the author(s) and a plagiarism report must be submitted with the manuscript. The similarity percentage for the complete work must be less than 15 % and less than 3 % from one source. However, it is necessary to review each similarity above %1 and decide whether it is necessary to revise the article for the good of the author(s). PUJE will immediately reject papers leading to plagiarism or self-plagiarism.

Open Access Policy

PUJE is an Open Access journal and provides immediate open access to its contents. The Journal aims to promote the development of global Open Access to scientific information and research. All the articles published in PUJE are licensed by "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License". The source can be copied, distributed and reused for non-commercial purposes, provided that attribution is given, but no modifications can be made to the content for commercial purposes. For commercial use of the content, written permission is required from the publisher.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Submission fee

PAÜEFD charges a Submission Fee of 4000 TL or 90 US Dollars per article, regardless of acceptance or rejection, for articles that pass the preliminary evaluation and are deemed suitable in terms of form and content to be included in the evaluation process.