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Iran's Nuclear Programme: The EU Approach to Iran in Comparison to the US’ Approach

Year 2005, Volume: 04 Issue: 1, 79 - 102, 01.01.2005

Abstract

This article aims to provide a perspective concerning EU-Iran andUS-Iran relations after the Islamic Revolution of Iran in order to enable thereader to understand the current policies of the EU and the US towards Iran,particularly on the nuclear issue. In this context, the reasons, which shapethe different approaches of these two powers, will also be analysed.Furthermore, the impacts of these two powers' policies on Iran's nuclearissue will be evaluated by examining the answer to the following question,with a view to shedding light on previous sanctions and their impact; whichforeign policy instrument will be successful in solving this issue; the EU's“carrot” or the US's “stick” or neither of them?

References

  • Calebrese, John, 'Finding the Fulcrum? Euro-Atlantic Relations and Iran'
  • Middle East Institute, July 21, 2004
  • URL:http://www.iranwatch.org/privateviews/MEI/perspex-mei-calabrese eu-us-iran-072104.pdf
  • Held, Colbert C. (1994). Middle East Patterns: Places, Peoples and Politics.
  • Boulder, San Francisco and Oxford: Westview Press, p. 416
  • Kemp, Geoffrey, 'The Challenge of Iran for US and European Policy' in
  • Richard N. Haas (eds.) Transatlantic Tensions: The United States, Europe
  • and Problem Countries, (Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1999), p.50
  • Khan, Simbal. A. 'Iran's Relations with Central Asia: A Strategic Analysis'
  • in Perceptions Journal of International Affairs; Special Issue on Peace Operations, Vol. IX, No. 1, March-May 2004, p..53
  • Komekov, Maxat, 'Iran's Initiatives in the Middle East' 2003 URL
  • http://sir.ac.ir/english/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=52
  • Moshaver, Ziba, 'Revolution, Theocratic Leadership and Iran's Foreign
  • Policy: Implications for Iran-EU Relations' in The Review of International Affairs, Vol. 3, No. 2, Winter 2003, p. 292
  • Öymen, Onur. (2002). Silahsız Savaş: Bir Mücadele Sanatı Olarak Diplomasi, İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi, p. 208
  • Roshandel, Jalil, 'Evolution of the Decision-making Process in Iranian
  • Foreign Policy, 1979-1999' in Eric Hooglund (eds.) Twenty Years of Islamic
  • Revolution; Political and Social Transition in Iran since 1979, (New York: Syracuse University Press, 2002), p.130
  • Rouleau, Eric, 'European Union and French Views of the Islamic Republic'
  • in Eric Hooglund (eds.) Twenty Years of Islamic Revolution; Political and Social Transition in Iran since 1979, (New York: Syracuse University Press, 2002) p. 146
  • Rudolf, Peter, 'Critical Engagement: The European Union and Iran' in Richard N. Haas (eds.) Transatlantic Tensions: TheUnited States, Europe and Problem Countries, (Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1999) White, Brian. (2001). Understanding European Foreign Policy, New York: Palgrave, p. 57
  • Wolfson, Richard. (1991). Nuclear Choices; A Citizen's Guide to Nuclear Technology, Massachusetts: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company
  • IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), GOV/2004/83, Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement in the Islamic Republic of Iran
  • URL: http://www.iaea.org
  • Assaluyeh, 'Industrial Project; Gas Industries and Petrochemical Industries', April 3, 2005
  • URL: http://www.asaluyeh.com/page.php?project-en
  • Time Europa, 'Iran's State of Terror', November 11, 1996
  • URL: http://www.time.com/time/europe/timetrails/iran/ir961111.html
  • Euroactive, 'Iran Considers EU's Nuclear Offer', October 22, 2004
  • URL:http://www.euractiv.com/Article?tcmuri=tcm:29-131297-16&type = News Hughes, Paul, 'Iran's arguments for nuclear power make some sense', April, 15, 2005 URL: http://www.dawn.com/2005/03/04/int8.htm)
  • CNN, 'Iran Agrees to Suspend Uranium Enrichment', November 15, 2004 URL: http://edition.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/meast/11/14/iran.nuclear/).
  • Tavassoli, Mojgan, 'Investing on U.S. Instaed of EU?', Iran News, February 2, 2005, pp. 1, 15
  • 'EU Says U.S. Acknowledges Usefulness of Dialogue with Iran', Iran News, February 6, 2005, p. 3
  • Solana: 'Military Strike on Iran Would be a Mistake', Iran News, February 7, 2005, pp. 1, 15
  • 'Iran's Strong Response to US', Tehran Times, February 5, 2005. pp. 1, 15
  • Tehran Times, 'Iran views Europe as different than US:MP', March 3, 2005 URL:http://www.tehrantimes.com/Description.asp?Da=3/3/2005&Cat=2&Num=010 NOTES FOR
  • John Smith, The Book Title, New York, New York Publishing Co., 1999, p. 100.
  • John E. Smith (ed.), The Book Title, New York, New York Publishing Co., 1999, pp. 100-102.
  • John Smith and Mary Jones, The Book Title, New York, New York Publishing Co., 1999, p. 100.
  • Subsequent references should appear as: Smith, The Book Title, p. 100.
  • Manuscript References: PRO King’s Remembrancer’s Memoranda Roll, E159/69, m. 78.
  • BM Add. MS 36042, fo.2 (plural fos.). Four-figure numerals without comma or space: 2572.
  • Titles of other record repositories, and names of collections of papers, in full in first reference
  • Scottish Record Office (hereafter SRO), Airlie Papers, GD 16, section 38/82, April 5, 1844.
  • Compton Papers, kept at the estate office of the Marquess of Northampton, Castle Ashby
  • (hereafter CA), bdle. 1011, no.29. Official Papers: Parliamentary Papers: Select Committee on Manufacturers (Parl. Papers, 1833, VI), 0.456.
  • Subsequent references as: SC on ... (PP, 1839, VII), 00.2347.
  • Hansard (Commons), 4th ser. XXXVI, 641–2, 22 Aug. 1895. Theses: For titles of published and unpublished theses use italics
  • John E. Smith, Title of Thesis, unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Name of the University, Year
  • Chapter #, p. # In footnotes ‘ibid.’ should be used where possible, but it should not be used where the previous note contains more than one source.
Year 2005, Volume: 04 Issue: 1, 79 - 102, 01.01.2005

Abstract

References

  • Calebrese, John, 'Finding the Fulcrum? Euro-Atlantic Relations and Iran'
  • Middle East Institute, July 21, 2004
  • URL:http://www.iranwatch.org/privateviews/MEI/perspex-mei-calabrese eu-us-iran-072104.pdf
  • Held, Colbert C. (1994). Middle East Patterns: Places, Peoples and Politics.
  • Boulder, San Francisco and Oxford: Westview Press, p. 416
  • Kemp, Geoffrey, 'The Challenge of Iran for US and European Policy' in
  • Richard N. Haas (eds.) Transatlantic Tensions: The United States, Europe
  • and Problem Countries, (Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1999), p.50
  • Khan, Simbal. A. 'Iran's Relations with Central Asia: A Strategic Analysis'
  • in Perceptions Journal of International Affairs; Special Issue on Peace Operations, Vol. IX, No. 1, March-May 2004, p..53
  • Komekov, Maxat, 'Iran's Initiatives in the Middle East' 2003 URL
  • http://sir.ac.ir/english/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=52
  • Moshaver, Ziba, 'Revolution, Theocratic Leadership and Iran's Foreign
  • Policy: Implications for Iran-EU Relations' in The Review of International Affairs, Vol. 3, No. 2, Winter 2003, p. 292
  • Öymen, Onur. (2002). Silahsız Savaş: Bir Mücadele Sanatı Olarak Diplomasi, İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi, p. 208
  • Roshandel, Jalil, 'Evolution of the Decision-making Process in Iranian
  • Foreign Policy, 1979-1999' in Eric Hooglund (eds.) Twenty Years of Islamic
  • Revolution; Political and Social Transition in Iran since 1979, (New York: Syracuse University Press, 2002), p.130
  • Rouleau, Eric, 'European Union and French Views of the Islamic Republic'
  • in Eric Hooglund (eds.) Twenty Years of Islamic Revolution; Political and Social Transition in Iran since 1979, (New York: Syracuse University Press, 2002) p. 146
  • Rudolf, Peter, 'Critical Engagement: The European Union and Iran' in Richard N. Haas (eds.) Transatlantic Tensions: TheUnited States, Europe and Problem Countries, (Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1999) White, Brian. (2001). Understanding European Foreign Policy, New York: Palgrave, p. 57
  • Wolfson, Richard. (1991). Nuclear Choices; A Citizen's Guide to Nuclear Technology, Massachusetts: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company
  • IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), GOV/2004/83, Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement in the Islamic Republic of Iran
  • URL: http://www.iaea.org
  • Assaluyeh, 'Industrial Project; Gas Industries and Petrochemical Industries', April 3, 2005
  • URL: http://www.asaluyeh.com/page.php?project-en
  • Time Europa, 'Iran's State of Terror', November 11, 1996
  • URL: http://www.time.com/time/europe/timetrails/iran/ir961111.html
  • Euroactive, 'Iran Considers EU's Nuclear Offer', October 22, 2004
  • URL:http://www.euractiv.com/Article?tcmuri=tcm:29-131297-16&type = News Hughes, Paul, 'Iran's arguments for nuclear power make some sense', April, 15, 2005 URL: http://www.dawn.com/2005/03/04/int8.htm)
  • CNN, 'Iran Agrees to Suspend Uranium Enrichment', November 15, 2004 URL: http://edition.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/meast/11/14/iran.nuclear/).
  • Tavassoli, Mojgan, 'Investing on U.S. Instaed of EU?', Iran News, February 2, 2005, pp. 1, 15
  • 'EU Says U.S. Acknowledges Usefulness of Dialogue with Iran', Iran News, February 6, 2005, p. 3
  • Solana: 'Military Strike on Iran Would be a Mistake', Iran News, February 7, 2005, pp. 1, 15
  • 'Iran's Strong Response to US', Tehran Times, February 5, 2005. pp. 1, 15
  • Tehran Times, 'Iran views Europe as different than US:MP', March 3, 2005 URL:http://www.tehrantimes.com/Description.asp?Da=3/3/2005&Cat=2&Num=010 NOTES FOR
  • John Smith, The Book Title, New York, New York Publishing Co., 1999, p. 100.
  • John E. Smith (ed.), The Book Title, New York, New York Publishing Co., 1999, pp. 100-102.
  • John Smith and Mary Jones, The Book Title, New York, New York Publishing Co., 1999, p. 100.
  • Subsequent references should appear as: Smith, The Book Title, p. 100.
  • Manuscript References: PRO King’s Remembrancer’s Memoranda Roll, E159/69, m. 78.
  • BM Add. MS 36042, fo.2 (plural fos.). Four-figure numerals without comma or space: 2572.
  • Titles of other record repositories, and names of collections of papers, in full in first reference
  • Scottish Record Office (hereafter SRO), Airlie Papers, GD 16, section 38/82, April 5, 1844.
  • Compton Papers, kept at the estate office of the Marquess of Northampton, Castle Ashby
  • (hereafter CA), bdle. 1011, no.29. Official Papers: Parliamentary Papers: Select Committee on Manufacturers (Parl. Papers, 1833, VI), 0.456.
  • Subsequent references as: SC on ... (PP, 1839, VII), 00.2347.
  • Hansard (Commons), 4th ser. XXXVI, 641–2, 22 Aug. 1895. Theses: For titles of published and unpublished theses use italics
  • John E. Smith, Title of Thesis, unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Name of the University, Year
  • Chapter #, p. # In footnotes ‘ibid.’ should be used where possible, but it should not be used where the previous note contains more than one source.
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Aylin Ünver Noi This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2005
Published in Issue Year 2005 Volume: 04 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Noi, A. Ü. (2005). Iran’s Nuclear Programme: The EU Approach to Iran in Comparison to the US’ Approach. PERCEPTIONS: Journal of International Affairs, 04(1), 79-102.
AMA Noi AÜ. Iran’s Nuclear Programme: The EU Approach to Iran in Comparison to the US’ Approach. PERCEPTIONS. January 2005;04(1):79-102.
Chicago Noi, Aylin Ünver. “Iran’s Nuclear Programme: The EU Approach to Iran in Comparison to the US’ Approach”. PERCEPTIONS: Journal of International Affairs 04, no. 1 (January 2005): 79-102.
EndNote Noi AÜ (January 1, 2005) Iran’s Nuclear Programme: The EU Approach to Iran in Comparison to the US’ Approach. PERCEPTIONS: Journal of International Affairs 04 1 79–102.
IEEE A. Ü. Noi, “Iran’s Nuclear Programme: The EU Approach to Iran in Comparison to the US’ Approach”, PERCEPTIONS, vol. 04, no. 1, pp. 79–102, 2005.
ISNAD Noi, Aylin Ünver. “Iran’s Nuclear Programme: The EU Approach to Iran in Comparison to the US’ Approach”. PERCEPTIONS: Journal of International Affairs 04/1 (January 2005), 79-102.
JAMA Noi AÜ. Iran’s Nuclear Programme: The EU Approach to Iran in Comparison to the US’ Approach. PERCEPTIONS. 2005;04:79–102.
MLA Noi, Aylin Ünver. “Iran’s Nuclear Programme: The EU Approach to Iran in Comparison to the US’ Approach”. PERCEPTIONS: Journal of International Affairs, vol. 04, no. 1, 2005, pp. 79-102.
Vancouver Noi AÜ. Iran’s Nuclear Programme: The EU Approach to Iran in Comparison to the US’ Approach. PERCEPTIONS. 2005;04(1):79-102.