İlişki Başarısının Temel Belirleyicisi: Reddedilme Duyarlılığı

Year 2018, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 454 - 469, 30.12.2018

Dilek Şirvanlı Özen , Fulya Kübra Güneri

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.360041

Cited By: 6

Abstract

Reddedilmeyi kaygıyla bekleme, algılamaya hazır olma ve reddedilmeye karşı aşırı tepki gösterme olarak tanımlanan reddedilme duyarlılığı, bireyin, kişilerarası ilişkilerindeki sosyal ve psikolojik uyumunu etkileyen önemli bir olgu olarak görülmektedir. Reddedilme duyarlılığının bilişsel-duygusal bilgi işleme dinamiğine sahip olduğunu belirten ilgili literatür, aslında anılan duyarlılığın, benliği diğer insanlardan gelebilecek olası retten koruyabilmek amacına yönelik savunucu motivasyonal bir sistem olarak görmektedir. Öte yandan reddedilme duyarlılığının oluşmasındaki en önemli kaynağın ebeveynler olduğu ve bu bağlamda, bağlanma ve ebeveynlik stilleri ile de yakın ilişkide olduğu; aynı zamanda reddedilme duyarlılığının bazı psikopatolojilerle ilişkili olduğu ve en fazla kişinin romantik ilişkilerini etkilediği belirtilmektedir. Bu noktalardan hareketle, bu gözden geçirme yazısında, kişilerarası ilişki başarısının odağında bulunan reddedilme duyarlılığına yönelik ileride yapılacak olası görgül çalışmalara, yol gösterici olunması amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

reddedilme duyarlılığı, bağlanma, ebeveynlik, romantik ilişkiler, psikopatoloji, kaygılı reddedilme, öfkeli reddedilme, başetme yolları

Basic Determinant of the Success of Interpersonal Relationship: Rejection Sensitivity

Abstract

The rejection sensitivity, which is defined as waiting to be rejected, being ready to perceive, and being overreacted to rejection, is seen as an important fact affecting the social and psychological adjustment of the individual, the interpersonal relationship. The relevant literature, which states that the rejection sensitivity has a cognitive-affective processing dynamic, sees it as an advocacy motivational system intended to protect the possible rejection of the self from possible other people. On the other hand, the most important source of rejection sensitivity is parents, and in this context, they are closely related to attachment and parenting styles; at the same time it is stated that the rejection sensitivity is related to some psychopathologies and that most people affect romantic relations. Moving from these points, the purpose of the study is guiding the possible empirical work to be done in the future for the rejection sensitivity which is in the focus of the interpersonal relationship success.

Keywords

: rejection sensitivity, attachment, parenting, romantic relationships, psychopathology, anxious rejection

References

• Ayduk O, Downey G, Kim M (2001) Rejection sensitivity and depressive symptoms in women. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(7), 868-877.
• Ayduk, Ö., Downey G., Testa A, Yen Y, Shoda Y (1999). Does rejection elicit hostility in rejection sensitive women? Social Cognition, 17, 245-271.
• Ayduk O, May D, Downey G, Higgins ET (2003). Tactical differences in coping with rejection sensitivity: The role of prevention pride. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(4), 435-448.
• Ayduk O, Mendoza-Denton R, Mischel W, Downey G, Peake PK, Rodriguez, M. (2000). Regulating the interpersonal self: strategic self-regulation for coping with rejection sensitivity. Journal of personality and social psychology, 79(5), 776.
• Baumsteir RF, Leary MR (1995) The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 3, 497-529.
• Bondü, R. & Krahé, B. (2015). Links of justice and rejection sensitivity with aggression in childhood and adolescence. Aggressive behavior, 41(4), 353-368.
• Bretherton I (1992) The origins of attachment theory: Jojn Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth. Developmental Psychology, 28, 5, 759-775.
• Brookings JB, Zembar MS, Hochstetler GM (2003) An interpersonal circumflex/five factor analysis of the Rjection Sensitivity Questionare Personality and Individual Differences, 34, 449-461.
• Burks VS, Dodge KA, Price JM (1995) Models of internalizing outcomes of early rejection. Development and Psychopathology, 7 (4), 683-695.
• Chango JM, McElhaney KB, Allen JP,Schad MM, Marston E (2012) Relational stressors and depressive symptomps in late adolescence: Rejection sensitivity as a vulnerability. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 40, 3, 369-379.
• Coie J, Terry R, Lenox K, Lochman J (1995) Childhood peer rejection ang aggression as predictors of stable patterns of adolescent disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 7 (4), 697-713.
• Creasey G, Hesson-McInnis M (2001) Affective responses, cognitive appraisals and conlict tactics in late adolescent romantic relationship: Associations with attachment orientations. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48, 85-96.
• Çardak M, Sarıçam H, Onur M (2012) Perceived parenting styles and rejection sensitivity in university students. The Online Journal of Counselling and Education, 1, 57-69.
• DiBenigno J, Romero-Canyas R, Downey G (2007) Do rejection sensitivity and performance predict extremere actions to rejection for performing artists. In Poster presented at the Eighth Annual Meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology (SPSP), Memphis, TN.
• Dodge KA ve ark. (2003) Peer rejection and social information-precessing factors in the development of aggressive behavior problems in children Child Development, 74, 2, 374-393.
• Downey G, Feldman SI (1996) Implications of rejection sensitivity for intimate relationships. Journal of personality and Social Psychology, 70(6), 1327.
• Downey G, Feldman S, Ayduk O (2000) Rejection sensitivity and male violence in romantic relationships. Personal Relationships, 7(1), 45-61.
• Downey G, Freitas AL, Michaelis B, Khouri H (1998) The self-fulfilling prophecy in close relationships: rejection sensitivity and rejection by romantic partners. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(2), 545.
• Downey G, Mougious V, Ayduk O, London BE, Shoda Y (2004) Rejection sensitivity and the defensive motivational system: Insights from the startle response to rejection cues. Psychological Science, 15, 10, 668-673.
• Erözkan A (2005) An investigation of interpersonal sensitivity and rejection sensitivity levels of university students. Gazi University of Kirsehir Education Faculty, 5, 85-98.
• Erözkan A (2009) Rejection sensitivity levels respect to attachment styles, gender and parenting styles: A study with Turkish students. Social Behavior and Personality, 37, 1, 1-14.
• Feldman S, Downey G (1994) Rejection sensitivity as a mediator of the impact of childhood exposure to family violence on adult attachment behavior. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 231-247.
• Galliher RV, Bentley CG (2010) Links between rejection sensitivity and adolescent romantic relationship functioning: The mediating role of problem-solving behaviors. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 19(6), 603-623.
• Hafen CA, Spilker A, Chango, Marston ES, Allen J P (2014) To Accept or Reject? The Impact of Adolescent Rejection Sensitivity on Early Adult Romantic Relationships. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 24(1), 55-64.
• Harper MS, Dickson JW, Welsh DP (2006) Self-silencing and rejection sensitivity in adolescent romantic relationships. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35(3), 435-443.
• Haselager G, Cillessen A, VanLieshout C, Riksen-Walraven J, Marianne A, Hartup W (2002) Heterogeneity among peer rejected boys across middle childhood: Developmental pathways of social behavior. Developmental Psychology, 38, 3, 446-456.
• Higgins ET (1997) Beyond pleasure and pain. American Psychologist, 52, 1280-1300.
• Hodges EVE, Perry DG (1999) Personal and interpersonal consequences of victimization by peers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 677-685. Jacobs N, Harper B (2013) The effects of rejection sensitivity on reactive and proactive aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 39(1), 3-12.
• Lang PS, Davis M, Ohman A (2000) Fear and anxiety: animal and human cognitive psychophysiology. Journal of Affect Disorder, 61, 3, 137-159.
• Ledley DR, Storch E, Coles ME, Heimberg RG, Moser S, Bravata EA (2206) The relationship between childhood teasing and later interpersonal functioning. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 2, 1, 33-40.
• Marston EG, Hare A, Allen JP (2010) Rejection sensitivity in late adolescence: Social and emotional sequelae. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 20(4), 959-982.
• McDonald KL, Bowker JC, Rubin KH, Laursen B, Duchene MS (2010) Interactions between rejection sensitivity and supportive relationships in the prediction of adolescents’ internalizing difficulties. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39(5), 563-574.
• Mellin EA (2008) Rejection sensitivity and college student depression: Findings and implications for counseling. Journal of College Counseling, 11(1), 32-41.
• Mischel W, Shoda Y (1995) A cognitive-affective system theory of personality: Reconceptualizing situations, dispositions, dynamics and invariance in personality structure. Psychological Review, 102, 2, 246-268.
• Olsson A, Carmona S, Downey G, Bolger N, Ochsner KN (2013) Learning biases underlying individual differences in sensitivity to social rejection. Emotion, 13(4), 616.
• Olweus D (1993) Bullying at school. What we know and what we can do. Oxford, England: Blackwell Publishing.
• Özen A, Sümer, Demir M. (2010). Predicting friendship quality with rejection sensitivity and attachment security. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 28(2),163-181.
• Parker G, Roy K, Haddzi-Pavlovic D (1992) Psychotic depression: A meta analysis of physical treatment. Journal of Affective Disorders, 24, 17-24.
• Pietrzak J, Downey G, Ayduk O (2005) Rejection sensitivity as an interpersonal vulnerability. Interpersonal Cognition, 62-84.
• Romero‐Canyas R, Downey G, Berenson K, Ayduk O, Kang NJ (2010) Rejection sensitivity and the rejection–hostility link in romantic relationships. Journal of Personality, 78(1), 119-148.
• Rudolph J, Zimmer‐Gembeck MJ(2014) Parent relationships and adolescents' depression and social anxiety: Indirect associations via emotional sensitivity to rejection threat. Australian Journal of Psychology, 66(2), 110-121.
• Volz AR, Kerig PK(2010) Relational Dynamics associated with adolescent dating violence: Theroles of rejection sensitivity and relationalin security. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 19(6), 587-602.
• Watson J, Nesdale D (2012) Rejection sensitivity, social withdrawal, and loneliness in young adults. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42(8), 1984-2005.
• Wilhelm K, Boyce P, Brownhill S (2004) The relationship between interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety disorders and major depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 79, 33-41.
• Williams K (2001) Ostracism. New Yor: Guilford Press.
• Zimmer‐Gembeck MJ, Nesdale D (2013)Anxious and angry rejection sensitivity, social withdrawal, and retribution in high and low ambiguous situations. Journal of Personality, 81(1), 29-38.