Bağımsız Bir Hibrit Güç Sisteminin Tasarımı ve Akıllı MPPT Algoritmaları ile Optimizasyon Kontrolü

Year 2024, , 153 - 167, 29.02.2024

Mennad Mabrouk , Bentaallah Abderrahim Yousef Djeriri Aissa Ameur Aicha Bessas

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.952553

Abstract

Bu yazıda, her ikisini de kullanan bağımsız bir hibrit güç sistemi önerilmiştir: fotovoltaik jeneratör (PVG) ve Sabit Mıknatıslı Senkron Jeneratör (PMSG), DC veriyoluna bağlı lityum tipi bir batarya ile entegre edilmiştir. Genel sistemin performansının ve güvenilirliğinin iyileştirilmesi garanti edilir. Bu amaçla öncelikle Perturb ve Observe (P&O) yöntemi ve Bulanık Mantık Kontrolü (FLC) yaklaşımı gibi iki MPPT tekniği kullanılarak PVG sisteminin verimliliği arttırılabilir. Evrim, doğal seleksiyon ve genetik mutasyon ilkelerini kullanan Genetik Algoritmalar (ga'lar) daha sonra FLC kazanımlarının ayarlanmasındaki zorlukları ele almak için tanıtılır. Stabilite ve enerji depolama sağlamak için bir lityum-iyon pil modeli sunulmuştur. Ayrıca, pmsg'ye dayalı rüzgar enerjisi dönüşüm sistemi (WECS) modeli sunulmuştur. Bu nedenle, gradyan yöntemiyle kontrol, jeneratörün teslim edilen gücüne ve mekanik hızına dayalı bir MPPT tasarlamaya izin verir. Her iki kaynak da, Uzay Vektör Modülasyonu (SVM) tekniği ile kontrol edilen iki seviyeli bir voltaj kaynağı invertörü vasıtasıyla şebekeye bağlanır. Son olarak, MATLAB / SİMULİNK yazılımı kullanılarak elde edilen simülasyon sonuçları, önerilen kontrolörler kullanıldığında açıkça ortaya çıkan ve bağımsız hibrit sistemin performansına ışık tutan yüksek performansla önerilen kontrol stratejilerinin etkinliğini kanıtlamıştır.

Keywords

Fotovoltaik jeneratör (PVG), MPPT (P&O) ve gradyan yöntemi, SVPWM, Bulanık mantık denetleyicisi (FLC)., Sabit mıknatıslı senkron jeneratör (PMSG)

Design of a Standalone Hybrid Power System and Optimization Control with Intelligent MPPT Algorithms

Abstract

In this paper, a stand-alone hybrid power system has been proposed using both: photovoltaic generator (PVG) and permanent magnets synchronous generator (PMSG), integrated with a lithium-type battery connected to the DC bus. The improvement of performance and reliability of the overall system are guaranteed. For this aim, the efficiency of the PVG system can be enhanced firstly by using two MPPT's techniques, such as the Perturb and Observe (P&O) method and the Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) approach. The Genetic Algorithms (GA’s), using the principles of evolution, natural selection, and genetic mutation, are then introduced to address difficulties in the adjustment of the FLC gains. A lithium-ion battery model is presented to ensure stability and energy storage. Furthermore, the model of the wind energy conversion system (WECS) based on PMSG is presented. Hence, the control by the gradient method, allowing designing an MPPT based on the delivered power and mechanical speed of the generator. Both sources are connected to the grid via a two-level voltage source inverter controlled by Space Vector Modulation (SVM) technique. Finally, simulation results obtained using MATLAB / SIMULINK software proved the effectiveness of proposed control strategies with high performance which is manifested clearly when the suggested controllers employed and shed light on the performance of the stand-alone hybrid system.

Keywords

Photovoltaic generator (PVG), Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), MPPT (P&O) & gradient method’s, SVPWM, Fuzzy logic controller (FLC).

References

• [1] Aksoy B. and Karakaş E., “Rüzgâr Enerjisi Güç Sistemi Maksimum Güç Noktası Takibinde Saptır ve Gözle (S & G) ve Bulanık Mantık Denetleyici (BMD) Yöntemlerinin Sistem Üzerindeki Çalışmalarının Karşılaştırılması”, Kocaeli Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 3 (2): 196-208, (2020).
• [2] Nnadi D. B., Odeh C. I., and Omeje C., “Use of hybrid solar-wind energy generation for remote area electrification in South-Eastern Nigeria”, Journal of Energy in Southern Africa, 25(2): 61–69, (2014).
• [3] Gümüş Z. and Demirtaş M., “Fotovoltaik Sistemlerde Maksimum Güç Noktası Takibinde Kullanılan Algoritmaların Kısmi Gölgeleme Koşulları Altında Karşılaştırılması”, Politeknik Dergisi , 24 (3): 853-865, (2021).
• [4] Celik Ali. “The system performance of autonomous photovoltaic–wind hybrid energy systems using synthetically generated weather data”, Renewable Energy. 27: 107-121, (2002).
• [5] Ding J., and Buckeridge J., “Design Considerations for a Sustainable Hybrid Energy System”, Transactions of the Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand: Electrical/Mechanical/Chemical Engineering Section, 27(1): 1–5, (2000).
• [6] Paiva J.E. and Carvalho A.S., “Controllable hybrid power system based on renewable energy sources for modern electrical grids”, Renewable Energy, 53, (C): 271-279, (2013).
• [7] Moradi M., Tousi Sm., Nemati M., Saadat N. and Shalavi N., “A robust hybrid method for maximum power point tracking in photovoltaic systems”, Solar Energy, 94: 266-276, (2013).
• [8] Hong Ch-M., Ou T-Ch. and Lu K-H., “Development of intelligent MPPT (maximum power point tracking) control for a grid-connected hybrid power generation system”, Energy. 50: 270–279, (2013).
• [9] Iverson Z., Achuthan A., Marzocca P. and Aidun D., “Optimal design of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) using hydrogen storage technology for data center applications”, Renewable Energy. 52. 79-87, (2013).
• [10] Al-Badi A. H., and Bourdoucen H., “Feasibility analysis of renewable hybrid energy supply options for Masirah Island”, International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 5(3): 244-251, (2012).
• [11] Kasprzyk L., Tomczewski A., Pietracho R., Mielcarek A., Nadolny Z., Tomczewski K., Trzmiel G. and Alemany J., “Optimization of a PV-Wind Hybrid Power Supply Structure with Electrochemical Storage Intended for Supplying a Load with Known Characteristics”, Energies, 13(22): 6143, (2020).
• [12] Bigdeli N. “Optimal management of hybrid PV/fuel cell/battery power system: a comparison of optimal hybrid approaches”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 42: 377-393, (2015).
• [13] Bogdan S.Borowy., Ziyad M.Salameh., “Methodology for optimally sizing the combination of a battery bank and PV array in a wind/PV hybrid system”, IEEE transactions on energy conversion, 11(2): 367-375, (1996).
• [14] Karaki S. H., Chedid R. B. and Ramadan R., “Probabilistic performance assessment of autonomous solar-wind energy conversion systems”, IEEE Transactions on energy conversion, 14(3): 766-772, (1999).
• [15] Kellogg W., Nehrir M.H., Venkataramanan G. and Gerez V., “Generation unit sizing and cost analysis for stand-alone wind, photovoltaic, and hybrid wind/PV systems”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 13 : 70-75, (1998).
• [16] Gupta R.A., Kumar Rajesh. and Bansal Ajay., “BBO-based small autonomous hybrid power system optimization incorporating wind speed and solar radiation forecasting”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 41: 1366-1375, (2015).
• [17] de Brito M. A., Galotto G. L., Sampaio L. P., e Melo G. d. A. and Canesin C. A., “Evaluation of the Main MPPT Techniques for Photovoltaic Applications”, in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 60(3): 1156-1167, (2012).
• [18] Reddy J., and Natarajan S., “Control and analysis of MPPT techniques for standalone PV system with high voltage gain interleaved boost converter”, Gazi University Journal of Science, 31: 515-530, (2018).
• [19] Belghith O., Lassaad Sbita. and Bettaher F., “MPPT Design Using PSO Technique for Photovoltaic System Control Comparing to Fuzzy Logic and P&O Controllers”, Energy and Power Engineering, 08: 349-366, (2016).
• [20] Camara M., Camara M.B., Dakyo B. and Gualous H., “Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators for Offshore wind energy system linked to Grid -Modeling and Control Strategies”, 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition, 2014: 114-118, (2014).
• [21] Perçin H. B. and Çalışkan A., “Kalıcı Mıknatıslı Senkron Generatörlü Rüzgâr Enerjisi Dönüşüm Sistemlerinde Maksimum Güç Kontrolünün Akıllı Yapı Tabanlı Modellemesi”. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, Ejosat Özel Sayı 2021 (ARACONF), 24: 219-225, (2021).
• [22] Lopez-Ortiz E.N., Campos-Gaona D. and Moreno-Goytia E., “Modelling of a wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator”, North American Power Symposium, NAPS 2012, 1-6. (2012).
• [23] Singh Y. V., Rasmussen P. O., Andersen T. O. and Shaker H., “Modeling and control of three phase rectifier with electronic smoothing inductor”, IECON 2011 - 37th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 1450-1455, (2011).
• [24] Koulali M., Negadi K., Mankour M., Mezouar A., Berkani A. and Boumediene B., “Adaptive fuzzy control of hybrid PV/fuel cell and battery system using three-level t type inverter”, Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, 95(12): 25—31, (2019).
• [25] Ramesh BABU N. and Saravanan S., “Modified high step-up coupled inductor based DC-DC converter for PV applications”, Gazi University Journal of Science, 29(4): 981-986, (2016).
• [26] Gibson T.L. and Kelly Nelson., “Solar Photovoltaic Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries”, 5th IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference, VPPC '09, 195: 310-316, (2009).
• [27] Gadoue Shady M., Giaouris D. and Finch J. W., “Tuning of PI speed controller in DTC of induction motor based on genetic algorithms and fuzzy logic schemes”, Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Technology and Automation, 85-90, (2005).
• [28] Pande J., Nasikkar Dr., Kotecha Ketan and Varadarajan V., “A Review of Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithms for Wind Energy Conversion Systems”, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 9(11): 1187, (2021).
• [29] Sudarshana K., Devendranath Reddy N., Narendra B. and Prabhakara P.A., “Hybrid Power Supply Using Improved H6 Based MITCB DC–DC Converter for Household Applications”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 4: 241-246, (2017).