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Türk ve Alman Ceza Hukuku Perspektifinden Roma Statüsü’nün İştirake Dair Hükümlerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 44 Issue: 1, 25 - 98, 21.08.2024
https://doi.org/10.26650/ppil.2023.44.1.1328728

Abstract

Failler dışında suça katılanların cezalandırılması için ceza kanunlarında iştirake ilişkin hükümler düzenlenir. Uluslararası mahkemelerin kuruluş belgelerinde ve içtihatlarında iştirak kurumu bu disipline özgü prensipler çerçevesinde şekillenmiştir. Bu durum, uluslararası ceza hukukunun bir parçası ve Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi’nin (UCM) kurucu belgesi olan Roma Statüsü için de geçerlidir. Uluslararası suçlar bakımından asıl sorumlu görülen kişi suç tipinin maddi unsurlarını bizzat gerçekleştiren kişi değildir. Tipik fiillerin işlenmesine neden olan kişiler, arka planda duran üst düzey idareciler ve komutanlardır. Bu bağlamda planlama, komplo, müşterek suç girişimi, üstün sorumluluğu gibi bazı farklı sorumluluk şekilleri ve iştirakin klasik görünüş şekilleri olarak faillik, azmettirme ve yardım etme kabul edilmiştir. Roma Statüsü md 25 (3) (a) bendinde tek başına, başkalarıyla birlikte ve başkası aracılığı ile suç işleyen kişinin sorumlu olacağı ifade edilerek doğrudan, müşterek ve dolaylı faillik; md 25 (3) (b) bendinde azmettirme ve yardım etme şeriklik şekilleri olarak kabul edilmiştir. Azmettirmenin bir işleniş şekli olan emretme ise bağımsız bir iştirak şekli olarak ayrıca düzenlenmiştir. Hükümde “işlenen veya teşebbüs edilen suç” ifadesiyle bağlılık kuralı kabul edilmiştir. Statü’de akim kalmış azmettirme (azmettirmeye teşebbüs) cezalandırılmamıştır. Bununla birlikte soykırım suçuna doğrudan ve alenen tahrik bağımsız bir suç tipi olarak düzenlenmiştir. Müşterek suç girişimi (md 25 (3) (d)) iştirak benzeri bir kurum olarak düzenlenirken, uluslararası ceza hukukunun gereksinimleri doğrultusunda üstlerin sorumluluğu öğretisi (md 28) bir başka sorumluluk şekli olarak kabul edilmiştir.

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The Examination of the Rome Statute’s Provisions on Participation from the Perspective of Turkish and German Criminal Law

Year 2024, Volume: 44 Issue: 1, 25 - 98, 21.08.2024
https://doi.org/10.26650/ppil.2023.44.1.1328728

Abstract

Criminal codes are used to regulate provisions on participation to penalize those who contribute to crimes, except for the perpetrator. Furthermore, participation isshaped within the framework ofspecific principlesin the statutes and case laws of international courts, asin the example of the Rome Statute, which is a part of international criminal law and the statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC). In international crimes, the person who personally perpetrated the actus reus of the crime is not deemed responsible. The persons who cause the commission of typical acts are senior administrators and commanders at the background. Herein, certain modalities of responsibility, such as planning, conspiracy, joint crime, responsibility of superiors, perpetration, instigation, and aiding, which are considered classical forms of participation, are accepted. In Articles 25(3)(a) and (b) of the Rome Statute, direct, joint, and indirect perpetration as well as instigating and aiding are accepted as forms of accessory, respectively. Moreover, ordering, which is a form of instigation, is regulated as an independent form of participation. The rule of accessory is accepted with the expression of “committed or attempted crime” in the provision; however, failed instigation is not punished, except for direct and public incitement to the crime of genocide. According to the international criminal law requirements, the responsibility of superiors is accepted as another modality of responsibility (Article 28); meanwhile, joint criminal enterprise (Article 25(3)(d)) is regulated as an institution similar to participation.

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There are 133 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Environmental and Resources Law (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Sercan Tokdemir 0000-0001-9749-688X

Publication Date August 21, 2024
Submission Date July 17, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 44 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tokdemir, S. (2024). Türk ve Alman Ceza Hukuku Perspektifinden Roma Statüsü’nün İştirake Dair Hükümlerinin İncelenmesi. Public and Private International Law Bulletin, 44(1), 25-98. https://doi.org/10.26650/ppil.2023.44.1.1328728
AMA Tokdemir S. Türk ve Alman Ceza Hukuku Perspektifinden Roma Statüsü’nün İştirake Dair Hükümlerinin İncelenmesi. PPIL. August 2024;44(1):25-98. doi:10.26650/ppil.2023.44.1.1328728
Chicago Tokdemir, Sercan. “Türk Ve Alman Ceza Hukuku Perspektifinden Roma Statüsü’nün İştirake Dair Hükümlerinin İncelenmesi”. Public and Private International Law Bulletin 44, no. 1 (August 2024): 25-98. https://doi.org/10.26650/ppil.2023.44.1.1328728.
EndNote Tokdemir S (August 1, 2024) Türk ve Alman Ceza Hukuku Perspektifinden Roma Statüsü’nün İştirake Dair Hükümlerinin İncelenmesi. Public and Private International Law Bulletin 44 1 25–98.
IEEE S. Tokdemir, “Türk ve Alman Ceza Hukuku Perspektifinden Roma Statüsü’nün İştirake Dair Hükümlerinin İncelenmesi”, PPIL, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 25–98, 2024, doi: 10.26650/ppil.2023.44.1.1328728.
ISNAD Tokdemir, Sercan. “Türk Ve Alman Ceza Hukuku Perspektifinden Roma Statüsü’nün İştirake Dair Hükümlerinin İncelenmesi”. Public and Private International Law Bulletin 44/1 (August 2024), 25-98. https://doi.org/10.26650/ppil.2023.44.1.1328728.
JAMA Tokdemir S. Türk ve Alman Ceza Hukuku Perspektifinden Roma Statüsü’nün İştirake Dair Hükümlerinin İncelenmesi. PPIL. 2024;44:25–98.
MLA Tokdemir, Sercan. “Türk Ve Alman Ceza Hukuku Perspektifinden Roma Statüsü’nün İştirake Dair Hükümlerinin İncelenmesi”. Public and Private International Law Bulletin, vol. 44, no. 1, 2024, pp. 25-98, doi:10.26650/ppil.2023.44.1.1328728.
Vancouver Tokdemir S. Türk ve Alman Ceza Hukuku Perspektifinden Roma Statüsü’nün İştirake Dair Hükümlerinin İncelenmesi. PPIL. 2024;44(1):25-98.