Solar radiation is regarded as one of the most possible sources of energy in many parts of the planet. Around the globe, scientists are investigating alternative and renewable energy sources. It is just as critical to developing energy storage systems as it is to study alternative energy sources. The current challenge for technology experts is to store energy in the right form and turn this stored energy into the traditionally desired format. Energy storage not only eliminates the supply-demand imbalance, but also increases the capacity, reliability, and energy efficiency of energy systems. In this article, the various thermal energy storage (TES) principles are analyzed and heat storage materials are categorized. The investigation centers around the three most significant rules for picking the right thermochemical materials (TCMs) for occasional heat storage in domestic applications: charging temperature, energy thickness, and cost analysis. Based on this additional study and the restrictions used, MgSO4.7H2O is calculated to be the most promising candidate for seasonal heat storage systems, achieving a higher energy density at a lower cost while still recording near-standard solar air collector charging temperature conditions.