2023 Türkiye Depremleri Sonrası Sporcularda Sosyal Medya Kaynaklı İkincil Travmatik Stres ve Ruh Sağlığı Sürekliliği İlişkisinde Bilinçli Farkındalığın Rolü

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 1 - 11, 28.06.2024

Emre Ozan Tingaz , Beyza Nur Kılıç , Büşra Erul , Umut Sevilmiş , Yasin Akbaş , Burak Engür , Hediye Şevval Artan

https://doi.org/10.32569/resilience.1440323

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2023 Türkiye depremleri sonrasında sporcularda sosyal medya kaynaklı ikincil travmatik stres ve ruh sağlığı sürekliliği ilişkisinde bilinçli farkındalığın rolünü incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda depreme doğrudan maruz kalmamış 156 erişkin sporcu (Myaş=24.8, SS=7.7) Sosyal Medya Kullanıcıları İçin İkincil Travmatik Stres Ölçeği, Sporcu Ruh Sağlığı Sürekliliği-Kısa Formu ve Sporcu Bilinçli farkındalık ölçeğine çevrimiçi yolla yanıt vermişlerdir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, sosyal medya kaynaklı ikincil travmatik stres, ruh sağlığı sürekliliği ve bilinçli farkındalıkla negatif yönde ilişkilidir. Bununla birlikte, sosyal medya kaynaklı ikincil travmatik stres ile ruh sağlığı sürekliliği arasındaki ilişkide bilinçli farkındalık düzenleyici bir rol oynamazken, kısmi bir aracılık etkisi göstermiştir. Her ne kadar bu araştırmanın kesitsel desende tasarlanmış olması sebebiyle nedensel bir çıkarım yapmak zor olsa da 2023 Türkiye depremi sonrasında sporcularda sosyal medya kaynaklı ikincil travmatik stres kısmi olarak bilinçli farkındalığın azalmasına yol açarak ruh sağlığı sürekliliğini olumsuz yönde etkileyebilir. Detaylı analiz için daha fazla araştırma bulgusuna ihtiyaç olduğu değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

Deprem, İyi oluş, İkinncil travmatik stres, bilinçli farkındalık, sporcular

The Role Of Mindfulness in The Relationship Between Social Media-Induced Secondary Traumatic Stress And Mental Health Continuum in Athletes After The 2023 Turkey Earthquakes

Abstract

We investigated the role of mindfulness in the relationship between social media-induced secondary traumatic stress and mental health continuum in athletes after 2023 earthquakes in Turkey. One hundred fifty-six athletes (Mage=24.8 years, SD=7.7) responded the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale for Social Media Users, Mindfulness Inventory for Sports, and Sport Mental Health Continuum-Short Form. Correlation analysis indicated that social media-induced secondary traumatic stress was negatively correlated with both mindfulness and mental health continuum. While mindfulness does not play a moderator role in the social media-induced secondary traumatic stress and mental health continuum relationship, it has a partial mediation role. Although this cross-sectional study do not permit a causal inference, after the 2023 Turkey earthquakes, social media induced secondary traumatic stress may negatively affect the mental health continuum of the athletes by partially causing a decrease in mindfulness. It is considered that more research results are needed for detailed analyses.

Keywords

Eathquake, Well-being, Secondary traumatic stress, Mindfulness, Athletes

References

• Abe, S., Kobayashi, Y., & Ikawa, T., (1990). Seismic characteristics of the weight-dropping source. Journal of Physi AFAD (11 Şubat 2023). Kahramanmaraş’ta Meydana Gelen Depremler Hk. Basın Bülteni– 26. https://www.afad.gov.tr/kahramanmarasta-meydana-gelen-depremler-hk-basin-bulteni-26
• AFAD, 6 Şubat 2023. 06 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Pazarcık ve Elbistan) depremleri saha çalışmaları ön değerlendirme raporu. https://deprem.afad.gov.tr/content/137
• American Psychiatric Association., (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
• Arvay, M. J., (2002). Secondary traumatic stress among trauma counsellors: What does the research say?. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 23(4), 283. DOI:10.1023/A:1014496419410
• Baron, R. M. & Kenny, D. A., (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
• BBC, 4 Mayıs 2024. AB’den Türkiye’ye depremler için rekor tutarda yardım. https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/c0d74lmnddpo
• Beck, C. T., (2011). Secondary traumatic stress in nurses: A systematic review. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 25(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2010.05.005
• Berceli, D., & Napoli, M., (2006). A proposal for a mindfulness-based trauma prevention program for social work professionals. Complementary Health Practice Review, 11(3), 153-165. DOI: 10.1177/1533210106297989
• Bride, B. E., (2007). Prevalence of secondary traumatic stress among social workers. Social Work, 52(1), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/52.1.63
• Carmody, J., & Baer, R. A., (2008). Relationships between mindfulness practice and levels of mindfulness, medical and psychological symptoms and well-being in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 31, 23-33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-007-9130-7
• Çelik, S. B., & Altınışık, M. S., (2021). Adaptation of Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale to Turkish for Social Media Users: Reliability and Validity Study. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 11(60), 1-12.
• Chang, W. H., Chang, J. H., & Chen, L. H., (2017). Mindfulness enhances change in athletes’ well-being: The mediating role of basic psychological needs fulfillment. In Key Topics in Sports Psychology (pp. 117-125).
• Cohen, J., (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences (2nd Ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
• Creswell, J. D. (2017). Mindfulness interventions. Annual Review of Psychology, 68, 491-516.
• Figley, C. R., (1995). Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder in those who treat the traumatized. C. R. Fingley (Ed.), New York: Brunner/Mazel.
• Foster, B. J., & Chow, G. M., (2019). Development of the Sport Mental Health Continuum—Short Form (Sport MHC-SF). Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 13(4), 593-608. https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2017-0057
• Frounfelker, R., Gilman, S. E., Betancourt, T. S., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., Bromet, E. J., ... & Kessler, R. C., (2018). Civilians in world war II and DSM-IV mental disorders: results from the world mental health survey initiative. Social Psychiatry And Psychiatric Epidemiology, 53, 207-219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-017-1452-3
• Gustafsson, H., Skoog, T., Davis, P., Kenttä, G., & Haberl, P., (2015). Mindfulness and its relationship with perceived stress, affect, and burnout in elite junior athletes. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 9(3), 263-281. https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2014-0051
• Harker, R., Pidgeon, A. M., Klaassen, F., & King, S., (2016). Exploring resilience and mindfulness as preventative factors for psychological distress burnout and secondary traumatic stress among human service professionals. Work, 54(3), 631-637. DOI: 10.3233/WOR-162311
• Hopwood, T. L., & Schutte, N. S., (2017). A meta-analytic investigation of the impact of mindfulness-based interventions on post traumatic stress. Clinical Psychology Review, 57, 12-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.08.002
• Hülsheger, U. R., Alberts, H. J. E. M., Feinholdt, A., & Lang, J. W. B., (2013). Benefits of mindfulness at work: The role of mindfulness in emotion regulation, emotional exhaustion, and job satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 98(2), 310–325. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031313
• George, D., & Mallery, P., (2021). IBM SPSS statistics 27 step by step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge
• Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10(2), 144-156
• Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi: Kavramlar İlkeler Teknikler. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık
• Kobayashi, Y., Oe, M., Ishida, T., Matsuoka, M., Chiba, H., & Uchimura, N., 2020. Workplace violence and its effects on burnout and secondary traumatic stress among mental healthcare nurses in Japan. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health, 17(8), 2747
• Lundqvist, C., (2011). Well-being in competitive sports—The feel-good factor? A review of conceptual considerations of wellbeing. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 4(2), 109-127. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2011.584067
• Mancini, M. N., (2019). Development and Validation of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale in a Sample of Social Media Users (Doctoral dissertation, Cleveland State University)
• McCann, I. L., & Pearlman, L. A., (1990). Vicarious traumatization: A framework for understanding the psychological effects of working with victims. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 3, 131-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00975140
• Myall, K., Montero-Marin, J., Gorczynski, P., Kajee, N., Sheriff, R. S., Bernard, R., ... & Kuyken, W. (2023). Effect of mindfulness-based programmes on elite athlete mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 57(2), 99-108
• O'Connor, M., O'Reilly, G., Murphy, E., Connaughton, L., Hoctor, E., & McHugh, L., (2021). Resilience mediates the cross-sectional relationship between mindfulness and positive mental health in early adolescence. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 21, 171-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2021.07.003
• Roemer, L., Williston, S. K., & Rollins, L. G., (2015). Mindfulness and emotion regulation. Current Opinion in Psychology, 3, 52-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.02.006
• Schober, P., Boer, C., & Schwarte, L. A., (2018). Correlation coefficients: appropriate use and interpretation. Anesthesia ve Analgesia, 126(5), 1763-1768. Doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002864
• Suresh, K. P., & Chandrashekara, S., (2012). Sample size estimation and power analysis for clinical research studies. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 5(1), 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3409926/
• T.C. Gençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı, 6 Şubat 2023. Tüm Ulusal Spor Organizasyonları İkinci Bir Açıklamaya Kadar Durduruldu https://gsb.gov.tr/haber-detay.html/967
• TCCB, 14 Şubat 2023. “Deprem felaketinin yaralarını milletimizle birlikte el ele vererek en kısa sürede saracağız”. https://www.tccb.gov.tr/haberler/410/142928/-deprem-felaketinin-yaralarini-milletimizle-birlikte-el-ele-vererek-en-kisa-surede-saracagiz-
• Teper, R., Segal, Z. V., & Inzlicht, M., (2013). Inside the mindful mind: How mindfulness enhances emotion regulation through improvements in executive control. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(6), 449-454. DOI: 10.1177/0963721413495869
• Thienot, E., Jackson, B., Dimmock, J., Grove, J. R., Bernier, M., & Fournier, J. F., 2014. Development and preliminary validation of the mindfulness inventory for sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 15(1), 72-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.10.003
• Tingaz, E. O., 2020. Adaptation of the mindfulness inventory for sport into Turkish: A validity and reliability study. Spormetre The Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 18(1), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.642682
• Tingaz, E. O., 2022. Sporcu Ruh Sağlığı Sürekliliği-Kısa Formu: Türkçeye Uyarlanması ve Psikometrik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 33(1), 43-52. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.948200
• TRT Haber Canlı [@trthabercanli]., 6 Şubat 2023. Artçı sarsıntılar devam ediyor, deprem anı Adana’da @trthaber canlı yayınına yansıdı. [Tweet]. Twitter
• Weinstein N., Brown, K. W. & Ryan R. M., 2009. Amulti- method examination of the effects of mindfulness on stres attribution, coping, and emotional well-being. Journal of Research in Personality, 43, 374-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2008.12.008
• Yıldız, M. İ., Başterzi, A. D., Yıldırım, E. A., Yüksel, Ş., Aker, A. T., Semerci, B., ... & Hacıoğlu Yıldırım, M. (2023). Deprem sonrası erken dönemde koruyucu ve tedavi edici ruh sağlığı hizmeti-Türkiye Psikiyatri Derneği uzman görüşü. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 34(1) 39-49. https://doi.org/10.5080/u27305