<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>rjbm</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Research Journal of Business and Management</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2148-6689</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Suat TEKER</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17261/Pressacademia.2016321994</article-id>
                                                                                                                                                                                            <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>FACTORS AFFECTING EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF LIMITED RESOURCES IN SOUTH AFRICAN COMPREHENSIVE UNIVERSITIES</article-title>
                                                                                                                                        </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Dlamini</surname>
                                    <given-names>Winnie</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20160930">
                    <day>09</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2016</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>3</volume>
                                        <issue>3</issue>
                                        <fpage>219</fpage>
                                        <lpage>233</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20160605">
                        <day>06</day>
                        <month>05</month>
                        <year>2016</year>
                    </date>
                                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014, Research Journal of Business and Management</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Research Journal of Business and Management</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>The recent #FeesMustFall campaigncoupled with the declining funding of universities calls for effectivemanagement of limited resources. Since procurement is the largest expenseaccrual function in any organisation, these institutions have more obligationof being responsive to the management of limited resources. The purpose of thisarticle is to determine the factors affecting the effective management of thelimited resources in South African comprehensive universities. A qualitative approach using multiple caseswas adopted. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using open-ended questions.The findings revealed that the effective management of limited resources in theSouth African comprehensive universities is affected by the policies,non-compliance, thresholds, supplier rotation and centralisation. Consequently,these institutions do not contribute sufficiently to the university’s overallobjectives for competitive advantage and sustainability. It is recommended thatSouth African comprehensive universities streamline operations, remove internalbarriers, impose strict compliance measures and communicate the vision acrossthe university.</p></abstract>
                                                                                    
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>South African comprehensive universities</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  limited resources</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  procurement best practıces</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                    </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ambe, I.M. &amp; Badenhorst-Weiss, J A. 2011. A review of procurement practices in the South African public sector. Available from: http://www.ippa.org/jopp/download/ vol12/Book/Chapter%2016_Ambe_Weiss.pdf [Accessed 9 January 2013] Arrowsmith, Sue (2012) Modernising the EU’s public procurement regime: a blueprint for real simplicity and flexibility. Public Procurement Law Review, 21: 71-82. ISSN 0963-8245</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Arrowsmith, S. &amp; Quinot, G. (Eds.). 2013. Public Procurement Regulation in Africa. Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bernardes, E.S. &amp; Zsidisn, G.A. 2008. An examination of strategic supply management benefits and performance implications. Journal of purchasing &amp; supply management, 14: 209-219.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Blanchard, D. 2010. Supply chain management: best practices. New Jersey: John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bloch, A. 2011. Procurement maturity: a tool for supply chain improvement. Master’s dissertation. KTH Royal Institute of Technology. 
Available at: http://urn.kb.se/resolve? urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-44911 [Accessed on 01 July 2014]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bolton, P. 2006. Government procurement as a policy tool in South Africa. Journal of Public Procurement, 6(3): 193-217.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Booth, C. 2010. Strategic procurement: organising suppliers and supply chains for competitive advantage. USA: Kogan Page Limited.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Boulton, G. &amp; Lucas, C. 2011. What are universities for? Chinese Science Bulletin, 56(23): 2506-2517.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bozarth, C.C. &amp; Handfield, R.B. 2013. Introduction to Operations and Supply Chain Management. 3rd ed. England: Pearson Education Limited.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Burt, D., Petcavage, S. &amp; Pinkerton, R. 2010. Supply management. New York: McGraw-Hill/ Irwin.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Burt, D., Petcavage, S., &amp; Pinkerton, R. 2012. Proactive Purchasing in the Supply Chain: The Key to World-class Procurement. New York: McGraw Hill.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Comm, C.L. &amp; Mathaisel, D.F.X. 2005. An exploratory study of best lean sustainability practices in higher education. Quality Assurance in Education, 13(3): 227-240.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cousins, P. Lamming, R. Lawson, B. &amp; Squire, B. 2008. Strategic supply management: principles, theories and practice. England: Prentice Hall.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cox, A. 1996. Relational competence and strategic procurement management: towards an entrepreneurial and contractual theory of the firm. European Journal of Purchasing &amp; Supply Management, 2(1): 57-70.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Creswell, J. W. 2009. Research design: quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches. California: Sage.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Department of Employment, Education and Training (DoE). 2004. Creating  comprehensive university in South Africa: a concept document. Available from: http://education.pwv.gov.za. [Accessed 18 March 2014]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dlamini, W. 2016. Determining procurement practices in South African comprehensive universities. Unpublished MCom dissertation, University of South Africa, South Africa.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Flanagan, L. 2012. ‘Fifth university put under administrator’. The Star. Available at: http://www.iol.co.za/the-star/fifth-university-putunder-administrator-1.134672 [Accessed on 28 December 2013]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fourie, I. 2011. Purchasing and supply management: study guide for PPPS03E. Pretoria: University of South Africa.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gilbert, M. 2008. ‘Public procurement in developing countries.’ Conference proceedings of 3rd International Public Procurement Conference held in The Netherlands, 28-30 August, Amsterdam: 1055-1064.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Green, W. 2014. South Africa&#039;s central tender board will &#039;prevent supply chain corruption. Supply Management. Available at: http://www.supplymanagement.com/news/2014/south-africas-central-tender-board-will-prevent-supply-chain-corruption [Accessed on 19 January 2014]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Handfield, R.B., Monczka, R.M., Guinipero, L.C. &amp; Patterson, J.L. 2011. Sourcing and supply chain management. 5th ed. Toronto: South Western.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hugo, W.M.J. &amp; Badenhorst-Weiss, J.A. 2011. Purchasing and supply management. Pretoria: Van Schaik.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">International Education Association of South Africa (IEASA). 2012. Study South Africa: the guide to South African higher education- partnership and global scholarship. 12th edition. Available from:  http://www.ieasa.studysa.org/book/27.html?page=1. [Accessed 31 December 2012]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">reland R. D. &amp; Webb J. W. 2007. Strategic entrepreneurship: creating competitive advantage through streams of innovation. Business Horizons, 50: 49–59.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Le Roux de la Harpe, S. P. 2009. Public procurement law: a comparative analysis. DCom thesis. Pretoria: University of South Africa.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Leach, A. 2012. Incidents of procurement corruption uncovered at South African university. Supply management. Available from: http://www.supplymanagement.com/ news/2012/incidents-of-procurement-corruption-uncovered-at-south-african-university [Accessed 28 December 2012]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Leenders, M.R., Johnson, P.F., Flynn, A.E. &amp; Fearon, H.E. 2006. Purchasing and Supply Management, with 50 Supply Management Cases. 13th ed. United States: McGraw-Hill Irwin.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lysons, K. &amp; Farrington, B. 2006. Purchasing and supply chain management. 7th ed. Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Matthews, D. 2016. Centralising universities ignores evidence of what works best. Available from:  http://www.treasury.gov.za/divisions/ocpo/sc/PracticeNotes/Practice%20note%20SCM%208%20of%202007_8.pdf. [Accessed 6 August 2016]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mbabane, L. M. (2010). The comprehensive university challenge and opportunity. Black management forum- Amathole region as part of its input into the stakeholder Summit on Higher education transformation (22nd -23rd  April 2010, CPUT, Bellville).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">McClelland, 	J.F. 	2006. 	Review 	of 	Public 	Procurement 	in 	Scotland 	- 	Report 	and 	Recommendations. 	Available 	from: 
www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2006/03/ 14105448/6 [Accessed 23 April 2012]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mohamedbhai, G. 2016. An international coalition to fight corruption. University world news, issue No. 409.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Moller, K. J. 2012. A critical review of the megatrends and their implications for procurement. Master’s Thesis. University of Twente.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Monczka, R.M., Handfield, R.B., Guinipero, L.C., Patterson, J. L. &amp; Waters, D. 2010. Purchasing and Supply Chain Management. SouthWestern.Cengage Learning.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mthombeni, P. 2016. Doing more with less. Services and transformation roundtable, Unisa. 7 July 2016. Available from: https://staff.unisa.ac.za/e-connect/e-news/2016/07/13/doing -more-with-less. [Accessed 14July 2016]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">National Treasury. 2007.  Supply chain management: threshold values for the procurement of goods, works and services by means of petty cash, verbal / written price quotations or competitive bids. Pretoria: National Treasury.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">National Treasury. 2011. Implementation guide: preferential procurement regulations pertaining to the Preferential Procurement Policy Framework Act.  Pretoria: National Treasury.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">National Treasury. 2015. 2015 Public sector supply chain management review. Pretoria: National Treasury.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. 2012. Supply chain management policy v8. Port Elizabeth: Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nelson, D., Moody, P. &amp; Stegner, J.R. 2005. The incredible payback: innovative sourcing solutions that deliver extraordinary results. USA: American Management Association (AMACOM).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ngatara, I. W., and Ayuma, C. (2016). Factors affecting the implementation of procurement best practices in Kenya: a survey of public secondary schools in KILIFI County. The international journal of business and management. 4(4):233-258.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">OECD 2000, &quot;Centralised 	and 	Decentralised 	Public 	Procurement&quot;, 	SIGMA 	Papers, 	No. 	29, 	OECD 	Publishing, 	Paris. 	DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5kml60w5dxr1-en</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref44">
                        <label>44</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ogden, J. A., &amp; Ellram, L.M. 2003. Antecedents of Supply Base Reduction Efforts: An Empirical Investigation. Available from:  
http://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar?q=cache:OmPkJqZ_P34J:scholar.google.com/+Antecedents+of+Supply+Base+Reduction+Eff orts:+An+Empirical+Investigation&amp;hl=en&amp;as_sdt=0,5. [Accessed 17 August 2016]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref45">
                        <label>45</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pauw, J.C., Woods, G., van der Linde, G.J.A., Fourie, D. &amp; Visser, C.B. 2009. Managing public money: systems from the south. Johannesburg, South Africa: Heinemann.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref46">
                        <label>46</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Perumal, R.I. 2010. The development of universities of technology in higher education landscape in South Africa. DTech thesis. Durban university of Technology.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref47">
                        <label>47</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Phakathi, B. 2013. Signs of recovery at universities placed under administration. Business Day Live. Available from: www.dblive.co.za/Signs of recovery at universities placed under administration Education BDlive.htm. [Accessed 28 December 2013] Quinlan, C. 2011. Business Research Methods. United Kingdom: South-Western Cengage Learning.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref48">
                        <label>48</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rudzki, R.A. &amp; Trent, R.J. (Eds.). 2011. Next Level Supply Management Excellence: Your Straight to the Bottom Line® Roadmap. J. Ross Publishing.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref49">
                        <label>49</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rudzki, R.A., Smock, D.A., Katzorke, M. &amp; Steward, S. 2006. Straight to the bottom line: an executive’s roadmap to world class supply management. Florida: J. Ross Publishing.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref50">
                        <label>50</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Saunders, M., Lewis, P. &amp; Thornhill, A. 2012. Research methods for business students. 6th edition. England: Pearson Education Limited.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref51">
                        <label>51</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Schuh, C., Kromoser, R., Stromer, M.F., Pérez, R.R. &amp; Triplat, A. 2009. The purchasing chessboard: 64 methods to reduce cost and increase value with suppliers. Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref52">
                        <label>52</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">StatsSA. 2015. Government expenditure on the rise. Available from: http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=5837. [Accessed 26 May 2015]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref53">
                        <label>53</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">The 	Mercury. 	Surge 	in 	cost 	of 	higher 	education. 	Available 	from: http://www.universityworldnews.com/article.php?story=20130118142647427. [Accessed 26 May 2016]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref54">
                        <label>54</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Turner, R.W. 2011. Supply Management and Procurement: From the Basics to Best-in-class. J. Ross Publishing.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref55">
                        <label>55</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">University 	of 	South 	Africa 	(Unisa). 	2009. 	 	Unisa 	policy 	on 	procurement. 	Available 	from: http://www.unisa.ac.za/ungc/docs/ProcurementPolicy_editedforCorpManual_06Jul09.pdf/ [Accessed 22 November 2013]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref56">
                        <label>56</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">University of Zululand. 2013. Policy and procedure manual: supply chain management- SCM Policy Approved by Council on 7 June 2013. University of Zululand.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref57">
                        <label>57</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Van Weele, A.J. 2005. Purchasing and supply chain management: analysis, strategy, planning and practice. 4th edition. UK: Cengage Learning.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref58">
                        <label>58</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Van Weele, A.J. 2010. Purchasing and supply chain management. 5th edition. Andover, UK: Cengage Learning.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref59">
                        <label>59</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Watermeyer, R. 2012. “Linking developmental deliverables to public sector contracts”. In: Yülek, M.A. and Taylor, T.K. eds. Designing public procurement policy in developing countries: how to foster technology transfer and industrialisation in the global economy. New York: Springer, 35-52.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref60">
                        <label>60</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Watermeyer, R.B. 2011. Public procurement regulation in Southern Africa through international and national standards. Public procurement regulation in Africa conference. 25 October, 2011, Stellenbosch, South Africa.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref61">
                        <label>61</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Writer, S. How South Africa’s universities spend their money. Available from: http://businesstech.co.za/news/government/103073/howsouth-africas-universities-spend-their-money/. [Accessed 26 May 2016]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
