<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>rjbm</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Research Journal of Business and Management</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2148-6689</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Suat TEKER</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.473</article-id>
                                                                                                                                                                                            <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>INVESTIGATION OF CROWDSOURCING CONCEPT BY OPEN INNOVATION PERSPECTIVE: APPLICATION EXAMPLES</article-title>
                                                                                                                                        </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Demir Uslu</surname>
                                    <given-names>Yeter</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Hancioglu</surname>
                                    <given-names>Yasemin</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20170630">
                    <day>06</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2017</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>4</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>177</fpage>
                                        <lpage>184</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20170302">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>02</month>
                        <year>2017</year>
                    </date>
                                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014, Research Journal of Business and Management</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Research Journal of Business and Management</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Purpose- The aim ofthe work is to define the concepts of open innovation and crowdsourcing thatthe changing competition concept brings and to emphasize its importance for theenterprises. Then, we examine the examples of businesses and practices thatbenefit from the crowdsourcing approach with open innovation perspective inTurkey. Methodology- In thisstudy, descriptive method was used for non-experimental research methods. Thecrowdsourcing practices of the enterprises were determined and the currentsituation was assessed. Findings- Manyenterprises are using the “crowdsourcing” approach to increase intensity ofinnovation and compete. acikinovasyon.com, which can be called the biggestinnovation network of Turkey, provides the participation of masses in the innovationprocesses of enterprises for certain awards (money or gift sets). Innovationstudies and innovation demands of enterprises that need ideas and projects ofthe crowd are examined with the help of the table below. While some of thesestudies are finished, some are active. Conclusion-. It seemsthat the approach has been used more and more by enterprises in Turkey inrecent years. Businesses can get the results they want cheaper by takingadvantage of the crowd outside the enterprise to solve new product ideas or aproblem.Open innovation and crowdsourcing provide positive outputs toenterprises when appropriately designed.</p></abstract>
                                                                                    
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>: Open innovation</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  crowdsourcing</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  enterprise application examples</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Turkey</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                    </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Albors, J., Ramos, J.C. &amp; Hervas, J.L. (2008). New Learning Network Paradigms: Communities of Objectives, Crowdsourcing, Wikis and Open Source, International Journal of Information Management, 28, 194-202.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Antikainen, M., Mȁkipȁȁ, M. &amp; Ahonen, M. (2009). Motivating and Supporting Collaboration in Open Innovation.Europen Journal of Innovation Management, 13 (1), 100-119.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Buecheler, T., Sieg, J. H., Füchslin, R. M. &amp; Preifer, R. (2010). Crowdsourcing, Open Innovation and Collective Intelligence in the Scientific Method: A Research Agenda and Operational Framework, Proc. Of the Alife XII Conference, Odense, Denmark.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bücheler, T. &amp; Sieg, J.H. (2011). Understanding Science 2.0: Crowdsourcing and Open Innovation in the Scientific Method. Procedia Computer Science, 7, 327-329.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Chesbrough, H.W. (2003). Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from Technology. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Chesbrough, H. W. (2006). New Puzzles and New Findings. H.Chesbrough, W. Vanhaverbeke, J. West (Eds), In Open Innovation: Researching a New Paradigm (pp. 15-34). Oxford: Oxford University Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Chiaroni, D., Chiesa, V. &amp; Frattini, F. (2010).Unravelling the Process from Closed to Open Innovation: Evidence from Mature, Asset-Intensive Industries.R&amp;D Management, 40(3), 222-245.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Damanpour, F., Walker, R. M. &amp; Avellaneda, C. N. (2009). Combinative Effects of Innovation Types and Organizational Performance: A Longitudinal Study of Service Organizations. Journal Management Studies, 46 (4), 650-675.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Docherty, M. (2006). Primer on Open Innovation Principles and Practice, POMA Visions, XXX (2), 13-17.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Enkel, E., Gassman, O. &amp; Chesbrough, H. (2009). Open R&amp;D and Open Innovation: Exploring the Phonomenon, R&amp;D Management, 39 (4), 311-316.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Estelles-Arolas, E. &amp; Gonzalez-Ladron-de-Guevara, F. (2012). Towards an Integrated Crowdsourcing Definition, Journal of Information Science, 38 (2), 189-200.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Flynn, M., Dooley, L., O&#039;Sullivan, D. &amp; Cormican, K. (2003).Idea Management for Organizational Innovation.International Journal of Innovaiton Management, 74 (4), 417-442 (1-39).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Frey, K., Lüthje, C. &amp; Haag, S. (2011). Whom Should Firms Attract to Open Innovation Platforms? The Role of Knowledge Diversity and Motivation.Long Range Planning, 44, 397-420.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Geiger, D., Seedorf, S., Schulze, T., Nickerson, R. &amp; Schader, M. (2011). Managing the Crowd: Towards a Taxonomy of Crowdsourcing Processes, Proceedings of the Seventeenth Americas Conference on Information Systems, 4-7 August, Detroit, Michigian.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hammon, L. &amp; Hippner, H. (2012).Crowdsourcing.Business &amp; Information Systems Engineering, 4(3), 163-166.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Howe, J. (2008). Crowdsourcing: Kalabalıkların Gucu, Bir Isin Gelecegine Nasıl Sekil Verebilir?. (G. Aksoy, Trans.), İstanbul: KocSistem Publications.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Huizing, E. K. R. E. (2011). Open Innovation: State of the Art and Future Perspectives, Technovation, 31, 2-9.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kaynak, R. &amp; Maden, M.O. (2012). Expansion of Boundaries on Innovation: Open Innovation. Journal of Economic and Social Research, 8 (1), 31-47.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Majchrzak, A. &amp; Malhotra, A. (2013).Towards an Information Systems Perspective and Research Agenda on Crowdsourcing for Innovation.Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 22, 257-268.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Marjanovic, S., Fry, C. &amp; Chataway, J. (2012). Crowdsourcing Based Business Models: In Search of Evidence for Innovation 2.0. Science and Public Policy, 39, 318-332.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Min Chiu, C., Liang, T. -P. &amp; Turban, E. (2014). What can Crowdsourcing do for Decision Support?.Decision Support Systems, 65, 40-49.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pierce, J. L. &amp; Delbecq, A. L. (1997). Organization Structure, Individual, Attitudes and Innovation.Academy of Management, 2 (1), 27-37.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Poetz, M.K. &amp; Schreier, M. (2012). The Value of Crowdsourcing: Can Users Really Compete with Professionals in Generating New Product Ideas?.J PROD INNOV MANAG, 29 (2), 245-256.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Steve, R. (2006). Who’s Ready to Crowdsource?.Advertising Age, 77 (43), 35.  
Thrift, N. (2006). Re-inveting Invention: New Tendencies in Capitalist Commodification. Economy and Society, 35 (2), 279-306.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yang, J., Adamic, L. A. &amp; Ackerman, M. S. (2008). Crowdsourcing and Konowledge Sharing: Strategic User Behaviour on Task. Proceedings of the 9th ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce, 246-255. New York: ACM.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yigit, S. &amp; Aras, M. (2012).Crowdsourcing as a Toll of Open Innovation and Applicability in Universities – Sample Case of Feas in GaziOsmanPasa University.Suleyman Demirel University the Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 17 (3), 485-508.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zhang, Y., Huang, M. &amp; Hao, D. (2010). Knowledge Capacity and the Process Types of Open Innovation.International Conference on Information, Networking and Automation. China.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">www. acikinovasyon.com</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
