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Arkaizmin çevirisi: Osmanlıca ifadelerin İngilizceye çevrilmesi

Year 2022, Issue: Ö11, 735 - 744, 21.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1146765

Abstract

Bu çalışma, İhsan Oktay Anar'ın Kitab'ül Hiyel adlı eserindeki arkaik dilin İngilizce'ye nasıl çevrildiğini ele almaktadır. Arkaik ifadeler, artık günlük kullanımda olmayan kelimelere veya deyimlere atıfta bulunur. Kitab'ül Hiyel'de geniş ölçüde hüküm süren arkaizm, yazarın biçemsel tercihlerinin bir sonucu olarak öne çıkar. Biçemin çevirisi, diller arasındaki farklılıklar nedeniyle bir çevirmenin karşılaştığı en zorlu görevlerden biridir. Bu çalışmada betimsel bir çeviri analizi yapılarak şu soruya yanıt aranacaktır: Çevirmen biçem bilincine sahip bir çeviri yaparak yerel rengi korumuş mudur, yoksa erek metinde egemen olan arkaizmin etkileri ortadan kaldırılmış mıdır? Bu değerlendirme, çevirmenlerin biçemsel unsurlara karşı tutumlarını göstermek açısından önemlidir. Arkaik ifadeler çeviribilimde nadiren araştırma konusu oldukları için örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. Ayrıca bu ifadeler büyük ölçüde tarihle de ilişkilendirilebilirler. Türk kültürü nezdinde, edebiyatta kullanılan arkaik ifadeler eski Türkçe veya Osmanlıcanın önemli bir parçası olarak kabul edildiğinden genellikle Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'na kadar uzanır. Tarihsel nitelikleri göz önüne alındığında, bu unsurların çevirisi kaynak kültür ve tarih hakkında belirli bir bilgi birikimi gerektirir. Karşılaştırmalı analiz boyunca paralel metinlerdeki arkaik ifadeler şu çeviri stratejileri ışığında incelenmiştir: yumuşatma, çeviri yazı veya ödünçleme ve biçemsel ödünleme. Bu analiz, edebi çeviri ile ilgili biçemsel ve kültürel tartışmalara katkı sağlayacaktır.

References

  • Akatlı, F. (1999). Osmanlıya Romandan Bakmak. Kitap-Lık, 38, 175–184.
  • Anar, İ.O. (1996). Kitab-ül Hiyel. İletişim Yayınları.
  • Anar, İ. O. (2019). The Book of Devices. (G. Key, Trans.). Kup. (Original work published 1996)
  • Baker, M. (2000). Towards a Methodology for Investigating the Style of a Literary Translator. Target. International Journal of Translation Studies, 12(2), 241–266. Baldick, Chris. (2001). The concise Oxford dictionary of literary terms. Oxford University Press.
  • Boase-Beier, J. (2006). Stylistic approaches to translation. St. Jerome Pub.
  • Bosseaux, C. (2007). How does it feel? point of view in translation the case of Virginia Woolf into French (Issue 29). Rodopi.
  • Collins (n.d.). Basilisk. In Collins dictionary. Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/basilisk
  • Develi, H. (2001). Osmanlı Türkçesi kılavuzu (3rd Ed., Issues 1–2). Bilimevi.
  • Gümüş, S. (2013, December 16). İhsan Oktay Anar: “Bunlar roman, belgesel değil.” Oggito.
  • Harvey, K. (1995). A Descriptive Framework for Compensation. The Translator, 1(1), 65–86.
  • Harvey, M. E. (2003). A Beginner ’s Course in Legal Translation : The Case of Culture-bound Terms.
  • Hermans, T. (1996). The Translator’s Voice in Translated Narrative. Target. International Journal of Translation Studies, 8(1), 23–48.
  • Huang, X. (2011). Stylistic approaches to literary translation: with particular reference to English-Chinese and Chinese-English translation. University of Birmingham.
  • İhsan Oktay Anar Sözlüğü |. (n.d.). Retrieved May 15, 2022, from https://sanatkritik.com/soz/ihsan-oktay-anar-sozlugu/
  • Karaca, S. (2010). İhsan Oktay Anar’ın Romanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi.
  • Leech, G. N., & Short, M. (1981). Style in fiction: a linguistic introduction to English fictional prose (Issue 13). Longman.
  • Leuven-Zwart, K. M. van. (1989). Translation and Original: Similarities and Dissimilarities, I. Target. International Journal of Translation Studies, 1(2), 151–181.
  • Luggat (n.d.). Osmanlıca Türkçe Sözlük. https://www.luggat.com/index.php#top.
  • Malmkjær, K. (2004). Translational Stylistics: Dulcken’s Translations of Hans Christian Andersen. Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics, 13(1), 13–24.
  • Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Betimes. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/betimes
  • Newmark, P. (1988). Approaches to translation. Prentice-Hall International.
  • Online Etymology Dictionary. (n.d.). Ghoul. In Etymonline.com dictionary. Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=ghoul
  • Öz, M. (2018). İhsan Oktay Anar’da Postmodern Bir Tercih Olarak Dilin, Yazım Kurallarına Aykırı Kullanımı. Humanitas - Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 204–214.
  • Parks, T. (2007). Translating style: a literary approach to translation, a translation approach to literature (2nd ed). St. Jerome Pub.
  • Sazyek, H. (2002). Türk Romanında Postmodernist Yöntemfler ve Yönelimler. Hece, 65/66, 493–509.
  • Shafak, E. (2005). Linguistic Cleansing. New Perspectives Quarterly, 22(3), 19–25.
  • Venuti, L. (1998). The scandals of translation: towards an ethics of difference. Routledge.
  • Versteegh, C. H. M., & Eid, M. (2005). Encyclopedia of Arabic language and linguistics, Volume I.
  • Vinay, J.-P., & Darbelnet, J. (1995). Comparative Stylistics of French and English: A methodology for translation (Vol. 11). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Yıldız, A. (2014, April 4). “Yerli postmodern” İhsan Oktay Anar’ın Edebiyatımıza yaptıkları. Aydınlık Kitap.
  • Zauberga, I. (1994). Pragmatic aspects of the translation of slang and four‐letter words. Perspectives, 2(2), 137–145.

Translating the archaic: Ottoman Turkish expressions in English

Year 2022, Issue: Ö11, 735 - 744, 21.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1146765

Abstract

This study deals with how archaic language in İhsan Oktay Anar’s Kitab’ül Hiyel is handled in English translation. Archaic expressions refer to words or phrases which are no longer in everyday use. In Kitab’ül Hiyel, archaism standing out as the outcome of the author’s stylistic choices prevails as a stylistic component. Translating style is one of the most challenging tasks that a translator faces due to the linguistic differences between languages. In this paper, a descriptive translational analysis is pursued to evaluate whether the translator keeps the local color by making a stylistically-aware translation or the ruling archaism becomes neutralized in the target text. This is important in its aim to demonstrate the attitude of translators towards stylistic elements. Archaic expressions were chosen as samples because they have rarely been the subject of research in translation studies. They can also be associated with history to a great extent. Taking into account Turkish culture, archaic expressions used in literature are generally traced back to the Ottoman Empire, for they are regarded as a significant part of old Turkish or Ottoman Turkish. When their historical quality is considered, their translation requires certain knowledge about the source culture and history. Throughout the comparative analysis, archaic expressions in parallel texts were examined in the light of these translation strategies: softening, transcription or borrowing, and stylistic compensation. The result of the analysis will contribute to the stylistic and cultural discussions about literary translation.

References

  • Akatlı, F. (1999). Osmanlıya Romandan Bakmak. Kitap-Lık, 38, 175–184.
  • Anar, İ.O. (1996). Kitab-ül Hiyel. İletişim Yayınları.
  • Anar, İ. O. (2019). The Book of Devices. (G. Key, Trans.). Kup. (Original work published 1996)
  • Baker, M. (2000). Towards a Methodology for Investigating the Style of a Literary Translator. Target. International Journal of Translation Studies, 12(2), 241–266. Baldick, Chris. (2001). The concise Oxford dictionary of literary terms. Oxford University Press.
  • Boase-Beier, J. (2006). Stylistic approaches to translation. St. Jerome Pub.
  • Bosseaux, C. (2007). How does it feel? point of view in translation the case of Virginia Woolf into French (Issue 29). Rodopi.
  • Collins (n.d.). Basilisk. In Collins dictionary. Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/basilisk
  • Develi, H. (2001). Osmanlı Türkçesi kılavuzu (3rd Ed., Issues 1–2). Bilimevi.
  • Gümüş, S. (2013, December 16). İhsan Oktay Anar: “Bunlar roman, belgesel değil.” Oggito.
  • Harvey, K. (1995). A Descriptive Framework for Compensation. The Translator, 1(1), 65–86.
  • Harvey, M. E. (2003). A Beginner ’s Course in Legal Translation : The Case of Culture-bound Terms.
  • Hermans, T. (1996). The Translator’s Voice in Translated Narrative. Target. International Journal of Translation Studies, 8(1), 23–48.
  • Huang, X. (2011). Stylistic approaches to literary translation: with particular reference to English-Chinese and Chinese-English translation. University of Birmingham.
  • İhsan Oktay Anar Sözlüğü |. (n.d.). Retrieved May 15, 2022, from https://sanatkritik.com/soz/ihsan-oktay-anar-sozlugu/
  • Karaca, S. (2010). İhsan Oktay Anar’ın Romanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi.
  • Leech, G. N., & Short, M. (1981). Style in fiction: a linguistic introduction to English fictional prose (Issue 13). Longman.
  • Leuven-Zwart, K. M. van. (1989). Translation and Original: Similarities and Dissimilarities, I. Target. International Journal of Translation Studies, 1(2), 151–181.
  • Luggat (n.d.). Osmanlıca Türkçe Sözlük. https://www.luggat.com/index.php#top.
  • Malmkjær, K. (2004). Translational Stylistics: Dulcken’s Translations of Hans Christian Andersen. Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics, 13(1), 13–24.
  • Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Betimes. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/betimes
  • Newmark, P. (1988). Approaches to translation. Prentice-Hall International.
  • Online Etymology Dictionary. (n.d.). Ghoul. In Etymonline.com dictionary. Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=ghoul
  • Öz, M. (2018). İhsan Oktay Anar’da Postmodern Bir Tercih Olarak Dilin, Yazım Kurallarına Aykırı Kullanımı. Humanitas - Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 204–214.
  • Parks, T. (2007). Translating style: a literary approach to translation, a translation approach to literature (2nd ed). St. Jerome Pub.
  • Sazyek, H. (2002). Türk Romanında Postmodernist Yöntemfler ve Yönelimler. Hece, 65/66, 493–509.
  • Shafak, E. (2005). Linguistic Cleansing. New Perspectives Quarterly, 22(3), 19–25.
  • Venuti, L. (1998). The scandals of translation: towards an ethics of difference. Routledge.
  • Versteegh, C. H. M., & Eid, M. (2005). Encyclopedia of Arabic language and linguistics, Volume I.
  • Vinay, J.-P., & Darbelnet, J. (1995). Comparative Stylistics of French and English: A methodology for translation (Vol. 11). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Yıldız, A. (2014, April 4). “Yerli postmodern” İhsan Oktay Anar’ın Edebiyatımıza yaptıkları. Aydınlık Kitap.
  • Zauberga, I. (1994). Pragmatic aspects of the translation of slang and four‐letter words. Perspectives, 2(2), 137–145.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Linguistics
Journal Section Translation and interpreting
Authors

Selen Tekalp This is me 0000-0002-3050-3835

Publication Date July 21, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: Ö11

Cite

APA Tekalp, S. (2022). Translating the archaic: Ottoman Turkish expressions in English. RumeliDE Dil Ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi(Ö11), 735-744. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1146765

RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).