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EVALUATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TENDENCIES OF ORTHOREXIA NERVOSA AND BODY DISSATISFACTION AMONG ADULTS

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 186 - 191, 26.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/JARHS2023-1183465

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the relationship between the tendencies of orthorexia nervosa and body dissatisfaction among adults.
Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 239 voluntary individuals who were aged between 19 and 64 years and residing in Gaziantep. While the ORTO-11 scale was used to assess the orthorexic tendencies of the participants, the body shape questionnaire (BSQ-34) was employed to assess their body dissatisfaction. Also the general characteristics, anthropometric measurements were collected. In ORTO11 scale, 25 points and below were considered as an orthorexic tendency. In the BSQ-34, a score between 80-110 points was classified as slight dissatisfaction, a score between 111-140 points as moderate dissatisfaction, and a score above 140 points as severe dissatisfaction.
Results: ORTO-11 and BSQ-34 mean scores of the participants were 29.54±5.98 and 83.20±45.46, respectively. 27.6% of the participants had orthorexic tendencies and 40.6% had dissatisfaction (slight: 10.9%, moderate: 13.4%, severe: 16.3%). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean BSQ-34 scores of the participants based on the orthorexic tendency classification. Furthermore, according to the body dissatisfaction classification, there was no statistically significant difference between the participants’ mean ORTO-11 scores. However, the participants with severe dissatisfaction had significantly higher mean body weight and mean body mass index than those with no dissatisfaction.
Conclusion: This study revealed that there was no correlation between tendency of orthorexia nervosa and body dissatisfaction. Further studies need to be conducted to verify the results

References

  • Koven NS, Abry AW. The clinical basis of orthorexia nervosa: emerging perspectives. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2015;18(11):385-94. google scholar
  • Arusoğlu G, Kabakçi E, Köksal G, Merdol TK. Orthorexia Nervosa and Adaptation of ORTO-11 into Turkish. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2008;19(3):283-91. google scholar
  • Bratman S, Knight D. Health food junkies: overcoming the obsession with healthful eating. New York:Broadway Books; 2000. p.1-242. google scholar
  • Cena H, Barthels F, Cuzzolaro M, Bratman S, Brytek-Matera A, Dunn T, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria for orthorexia nervosa: a narrative review of the literature. Eat Weight Disord 2019;24(2):209-46. google scholar
  • He J, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Lin Z. Orthorexia nervosa is associated with positive body image and life satisfaction in Chinese elderly: Evidence for a positive psychology perspective. Int J Eat Disord 2021;54(2):212-21. google scholar
  • Baysal I, Kızıltan G. The Determination of the Relationship between Food Neophobia and Orthorexia Nervosa Tendencies and Nutritional Status of Individuals who Engage in Sports. Bes Diy Derg 2020;48(3):48-55. google scholar
  • Melzer K, Kayser B, Saris WH, Pichard C. Effects of physical activity on food intake. Clin Nutr 2005;24(6):885-95. google scholar
  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013. google scholar
  • Eriksson L, Baigi A, Marklund B, Lindgren E-C. Social physique anxiety and sociocultural attitudes toward appearance impact on orthorexia test in fitness participants. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2008;18(3):389-94. google scholar
  • Freire GLM, da Silva Paulo JR, da Silva AA, Batista RPR, Alves JFN, do Nascimento Junior JRA. Body dissatisfaction, addiction to exercise and risk behaviour for eating disorders among exercise practitioners. J Eat Disord 2020;8(1):1-9. google scholar
  • Plichta M, Jezewska-Zychowicz M, Gşbski J. Orthorexic tendency in Polish students: exploring association with dietary patterns, body satisfaction and weight. Nutrients 2019;11(1):100. google scholar
  • Topçu F, Aricak OT. The Effect of Perfectionism and Body Perception on Orthorexia Among Young Adults. JCBPR 2019;8(3)170-8. google scholar
  • Lee RD, David C, editors. Nutritional assessment. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2010. google scholar
  • World Health Organization 2020. (cited 2022 July 26). Available from: URL: http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-p revention/nutrition/a-healthy-lifestyle/body-mass-index-bmi. google scholar
  • Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: validation of a diagnosis questionnaire. Eat Weight Disord 2005;10(2):e28-e32. doi: 10.1007/BF03327537 google scholar
  • Cooper PJ, Taylor MJ, Cooper Z, Fairbum CG. The development and validation of the Body Shape Questionnaire. Int J Eat Disord 1987;6(4):485-94. google scholar
  • Akdemir A, Inandi T, Akbas D, Karaoglan Kahilogullari A, Eren M, Canpolat BI. Validity and reliability of a Turkish version of the Body Shape Questionnaire among female high school students: Preliminary examination. Eur Eat Disord Rev 2012;20(1):e114-e5. doi: 10.1002/erv.1106 google scholar
  • Greetfeld M, Hessler-Kaufmann JB, Brandl B, Skurk T, Holzapfel C, Quadflieg N, et al. Orthorexic tendencies in the general population: association with demographic data, psychiatric symptoms, and utilization of mental health services. Eat Weight Disord 2021;26(5):1511-9. google scholar
  • Haddad C, Obeid S, Akel M, Honein K, Akiki M, Azar J, et al. Correlates of orthorexia nervosa among a representative sample of the Lebanese population. Eat Weight Disord 2019;24(3):481-93. google scholar
  • Brytek-Matera A, Gramaglia C, Gambaro E, Delicato C, Zeppegno P. The psychopathology of body image in orthorexia nervosa. J Psychopathol 2018;24:133-40. google scholar
  • Featherstone M. The body in consumer culture. In: Featherstone M, Hepworth M, Turner SB, editors. The Body: Social Process And Cultural Theory. London: Sage Publications; 1991.p.170-97. google scholar
  • Bosi ATB, Camur D, Güler C. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in resident medical doctors in the faculty of medicine (Ankara, Turkey). Appetite 2007;49(3):661-6. google scholar
  • Kapoor A, Upadhyay MK, Saini NK. Prevalence, patterns, and determinants of body image dissatisfaction among female undergraduate students of University of Delhi. J Family Med Prim Care 2022;11(5):2002-7. google scholar
  • Cinosi E, Matarazzo I, Marini S, Acciavatti T, Lupi M, Corbo M, et al. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in a population of young Italian adults. Eur Psychiatry 2015;30(S1):1330. 25. google scholar
  • Sanlier N, Yassibas E, Bilici S, Sahin G, Celik B. Does the rise in eating disorders lead to increasing risk of orthorexia nervosa? Correlations with gender, education, and body mass index. Ecol Food Nutr 2016;55(3):266-78. google scholar
  • Brytek-Matera A. Orthorexia nervosa-an eating disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder or disturbed eating habit. Arch Psychiatry Psychother 2012;1(1):55-60. google scholar
  • Swami V, Steadman L, Tovee MJ. A comparison of body size ideals, body dissatisfaction, and media influence between female track athletes, martial artists, and non-athletes. Psychol Sport Exerc 2009;10(6):609-14. google scholar
  • Karr TM, Davidson D, Bryant FB, Balague G, Bohnert AM. Sport type and interpersonal and intrapersonal predictors of body dissatisfaction in high school female sport participants. Body Image 2013;10(2):210-9. google scholar Coelho GC, Troglio GM, Hammes L, Galv TD, Cyrino LAR. As consequencias fsicas, ps^quicas e sociais em indivıduos com ortorexia nervosa. RBONE 2016;10(57):160-8. google scholar

YETİŞKİNLERDE ORTOREKSİYA NERVOZA EĞİLİMLERİ İLE BEDEN MEMNUNİYETSİZLİĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 186 - 191, 26.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/JARHS2023-1183465

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, yetişkin bireylerin ortoreksiya nervoza eğilimleri ile beden memnuniyetsizlikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek amacıyla planlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, Gaziantep’te yaşayan, 19-64 yaş arası 239 gönüllü birey üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Katılımcıların ortorektik eğilimlerini değerlendirmek için ORTO-11, beden memnuniyetsizliklerini değerlendirmek için beden şekli ölçeği (BSQ-34) kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların demografik özellikleri sorgulanmış ve antropometrik ölçümleri alınmıştır. ORTO-11 ölçeğinde 25 puan ve altı ortorektik eğilim olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Beden şekli ölçeğinde 80-110 puan hafif beden memnuniyetsizliğini, 111-140 puan orta derecedeki beden memnuniyetsizliğini ve 140 puan üstü ciddi beden memnuniyetsizliği olarak sınıflandırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin ORTO-11 ve BSQ-34 puan ortalamaları sırasıyla; 29,54±5,98 ve 83,20±45,46’dır. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin %27,6’sında ortorektik eğilim ve %40,6’sında beden memnuniyetsizliği (%10,9 hafif düzey, %13,4’ü orta düzey, %16,3’ü ciddi düzey) olduğu saptanmıştır. Katılımcıların ortorektik eğilimlerine göre BSQ-34 ölçek puanlarında anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır (p>0,05). Ayrıca, bireylerin beden memnuniyetsizliği sınıflamasına göre ORTO-11 ölçek puanlarında anlamlı farklılık göstermemiştir. Ciddi düzey beden memnuniyetsizliği olan bireylerin vücut ağırlığı ve beden kütle indeksi beden memnuniyetsizliği olmayan bireylerden daha fazladır (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Bu çalışma, ortoreksiya nervoza eğilimi ile beden memnuniyetsizliği arasında bir ilişki olmadığını göstermektedir. Bu bulguları doğrulamak için daha fazla araştırma yapılması gerekmektedir.

References

  • Koven NS, Abry AW. The clinical basis of orthorexia nervosa: emerging perspectives. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2015;18(11):385-94. google scholar
  • Arusoğlu G, Kabakçi E, Köksal G, Merdol TK. Orthorexia Nervosa and Adaptation of ORTO-11 into Turkish. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2008;19(3):283-91. google scholar
  • Bratman S, Knight D. Health food junkies: overcoming the obsession with healthful eating. New York:Broadway Books; 2000. p.1-242. google scholar
  • Cena H, Barthels F, Cuzzolaro M, Bratman S, Brytek-Matera A, Dunn T, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria for orthorexia nervosa: a narrative review of the literature. Eat Weight Disord 2019;24(2):209-46. google scholar
  • He J, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Lin Z. Orthorexia nervosa is associated with positive body image and life satisfaction in Chinese elderly: Evidence for a positive psychology perspective. Int J Eat Disord 2021;54(2):212-21. google scholar
  • Baysal I, Kızıltan G. The Determination of the Relationship between Food Neophobia and Orthorexia Nervosa Tendencies and Nutritional Status of Individuals who Engage in Sports. Bes Diy Derg 2020;48(3):48-55. google scholar
  • Melzer K, Kayser B, Saris WH, Pichard C. Effects of physical activity on food intake. Clin Nutr 2005;24(6):885-95. google scholar
  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013. google scholar
  • Eriksson L, Baigi A, Marklund B, Lindgren E-C. Social physique anxiety and sociocultural attitudes toward appearance impact on orthorexia test in fitness participants. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2008;18(3):389-94. google scholar
  • Freire GLM, da Silva Paulo JR, da Silva AA, Batista RPR, Alves JFN, do Nascimento Junior JRA. Body dissatisfaction, addiction to exercise and risk behaviour for eating disorders among exercise practitioners. J Eat Disord 2020;8(1):1-9. google scholar
  • Plichta M, Jezewska-Zychowicz M, Gşbski J. Orthorexic tendency in Polish students: exploring association with dietary patterns, body satisfaction and weight. Nutrients 2019;11(1):100. google scholar
  • Topçu F, Aricak OT. The Effect of Perfectionism and Body Perception on Orthorexia Among Young Adults. JCBPR 2019;8(3)170-8. google scholar
  • Lee RD, David C, editors. Nutritional assessment. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2010. google scholar
  • World Health Organization 2020. (cited 2022 July 26). Available from: URL: http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-p revention/nutrition/a-healthy-lifestyle/body-mass-index-bmi. google scholar
  • Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: validation of a diagnosis questionnaire. Eat Weight Disord 2005;10(2):e28-e32. doi: 10.1007/BF03327537 google scholar
  • Cooper PJ, Taylor MJ, Cooper Z, Fairbum CG. The development and validation of the Body Shape Questionnaire. Int J Eat Disord 1987;6(4):485-94. google scholar
  • Akdemir A, Inandi T, Akbas D, Karaoglan Kahilogullari A, Eren M, Canpolat BI. Validity and reliability of a Turkish version of the Body Shape Questionnaire among female high school students: Preliminary examination. Eur Eat Disord Rev 2012;20(1):e114-e5. doi: 10.1002/erv.1106 google scholar
  • Greetfeld M, Hessler-Kaufmann JB, Brandl B, Skurk T, Holzapfel C, Quadflieg N, et al. Orthorexic tendencies in the general population: association with demographic data, psychiatric symptoms, and utilization of mental health services. Eat Weight Disord 2021;26(5):1511-9. google scholar
  • Haddad C, Obeid S, Akel M, Honein K, Akiki M, Azar J, et al. Correlates of orthorexia nervosa among a representative sample of the Lebanese population. Eat Weight Disord 2019;24(3):481-93. google scholar
  • Brytek-Matera A, Gramaglia C, Gambaro E, Delicato C, Zeppegno P. The psychopathology of body image in orthorexia nervosa. J Psychopathol 2018;24:133-40. google scholar
  • Featherstone M. The body in consumer culture. In: Featherstone M, Hepworth M, Turner SB, editors. The Body: Social Process And Cultural Theory. London: Sage Publications; 1991.p.170-97. google scholar
  • Bosi ATB, Camur D, Güler C. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in resident medical doctors in the faculty of medicine (Ankara, Turkey). Appetite 2007;49(3):661-6. google scholar
  • Kapoor A, Upadhyay MK, Saini NK. Prevalence, patterns, and determinants of body image dissatisfaction among female undergraduate students of University of Delhi. J Family Med Prim Care 2022;11(5):2002-7. google scholar
  • Cinosi E, Matarazzo I, Marini S, Acciavatti T, Lupi M, Corbo M, et al. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in a population of young Italian adults. Eur Psychiatry 2015;30(S1):1330. 25. google scholar
  • Sanlier N, Yassibas E, Bilici S, Sahin G, Celik B. Does the rise in eating disorders lead to increasing risk of orthorexia nervosa? Correlations with gender, education, and body mass index. Ecol Food Nutr 2016;55(3):266-78. google scholar
  • Brytek-Matera A. Orthorexia nervosa-an eating disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder or disturbed eating habit. Arch Psychiatry Psychother 2012;1(1):55-60. google scholar
  • Swami V, Steadman L, Tovee MJ. A comparison of body size ideals, body dissatisfaction, and media influence between female track athletes, martial artists, and non-athletes. Psychol Sport Exerc 2009;10(6):609-14. google scholar
  • Karr TM, Davidson D, Bryant FB, Balague G, Bohnert AM. Sport type and interpersonal and intrapersonal predictors of body dissatisfaction in high school female sport participants. Body Image 2013;10(2):210-9. google scholar Coelho GC, Troglio GM, Hammes L, Galv TD, Cyrino LAR. As consequencias fsicas, ps^quicas e sociais em indivıduos com ortorexia nervosa. RBONE 2016;10(57):160-8. google scholar
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Elif Esra Öztürk 0000-0003-1097-6325

Publication Date June 26, 2023
Submission Date October 3, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

MLA Öztürk, Elif Esra. “EVALUATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TENDENCIES OF ORTHOREXIA NERVOSA AND BODY DISSATISFACTION AMONG ADULTS”. Sağlık Bilimlerinde İleri Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 2, 2023, pp. 186-91, doi:10.26650/JARHS2023-1183465.