Mamografi tarama yolculukları: Bir katılımcı eylem araştırması

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 1 - 7, 01.03.2021

Kirstin Ozturk , Mehveş Tarım

Abstract

Amaç: Ulusal meme kanseri mamografi tarama rehberinde hedeflenen kadınların mamografilerini, uyum sürecine yönelik engelleri belirlemek amacıyla gözlemlemek.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma Aralık 2018 ile Mayıs 2020 arasında gerçekleştirildi. İstanbul'da yaşayan 40-69 yaşları arasında olan kadınların katıldığı 12 odak grubunda yürütülen çalışmadan rekrutman yapıldı. Randevu alma, tarama ve sonuç raporlama süreçlerinin gözlenmesi, eylem araştırması ile yapıldı. Bu yaklaşım ile, katılımcılara güçlenmelerini ve değişimlerini teşvik etmek için, araştırmacı, çalışma süresinde etkileşim içinde olabilir ve savunma yapabilir. Gözlemlere rehberlik etmek ve dokümante etmek için Susan G. Komen® Meme Kanseri Vakfı tarafından geliştirilen bir form kullanıldı.
Bulgular: İstanbul'da farklı kamu, vakıf ve özel kuruluşlarda 40-57 yaşları arasındaki on kadının mamografileri gözlendi. Randevu alma süresi iki ila yedi dakika arasında sürdü. İlk müsait randevular aynı günden 20 gün sonrasına kadar değişti. Erişime en büyük engel, muayene ve sevk önkoşulları olarak gözlendi. Dört tesiste imzalanmış onam formları istendi. Bekleme süreleri dahil tarama süresi sekiz ile 100 dakika arasında değişmekteydi. Cepten ödemeler 0-58 US$ arasındaydı. Sonuçların bekleme süreleri 15 dakika ile 33 gün arasında değişiyordu. Rapor formatları beş tesiste elektronikti; diğerleri ise kompakt disklerle kağıt raporlar halindeydi.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma, ulusal meme kanseri tarama rehberi tarafından hedeflenen on kadının gözünden mamografi taramasına gözlemledi. Gizlilik, rıza, sevk ve raporlama konularında kurum, ulusal ve politika düzeylerinde iyileştirme fırsatları belirlendi.

Keywords

kanser tarama, meme kanser, mamografi, eylem araştırma

Mammography screening journeys: An action research study

Abstract

Objective: To observe mammographies of women targeted by the national breast cancer mammography screening guidelines in order to identify process-based barriers to compliance.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted between December of 2018 and May of 2020. Recruitment was done during a larger study that conducted 12 focus groups of women between the ages of 40-69 living in Istanbul. Observation of scheduling, screening, and reporting processes were done using action research, an approach that allows the researcher to fully interact with, and advocate for, study subjects to stimulate empowerment and change. A form developed by the Susan G. Komen® Breast Cancer Foundation was used to guide and document observations.
Results: Mammographies for ten women aged 40-57 at distinct public, foundation, and private facilities in Istanbul were observed. Scheduling duration ranged from two to seven minutes. Earliest available appointments ranged from same day to 20 days later. The largest barrier to access was a prerequisite examination and referral. Signed consent forms were required at four facilities. Screening duration, including wait times, ranged from eight to 100 minutes. Out-of-pocket costs ranged from $US 0-58. Wait times for results ranged from 15 minutes to 33 days. Report formats were electronic at five facilities; others provided paper reports with compact discs.
Conclusion: This study looked at mammography screenings through the eyes of ten women targeted by national breast cancer prevention guidelines. Opportunities for improvement were identified at facility, national, and policy levels in the areas of privacy, consent, referrals, and reporting.

Keywords

mammography, cancer screening, breast cancer, action research

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