<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>saucis</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Sakarya University Journal of Computer and Information Sciences</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2636-8129</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Sakarya University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35377/saucis...1627619</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Empirical Software Engineering</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Ampirik Yazılım Mühendisliği</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                                                            <article-title>Classification and Analysis of Employee Feedback with Deep Learning Algorithms</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1450-2923</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Yiğidefe</surname>
                                    <given-names>Gökhan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>SAKARYA UNIVERSITY, INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3682-0831</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Çakar Kaman</surname>
                                    <given-names>Serap</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>SAKARYA UNIVERSITY, INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-2765</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Eken</surname>
                                    <given-names>Beyza</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>SAKARYA UNIVERSITY, INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20250328">
                    <day>03</day>
                    <month>28</month>
                    <year>2025</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>8</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>38</fpage>
                                        <lpage>46</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250127">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>27</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20250227">
                        <day>02</day>
                        <month>27</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2018, Sakarya University Journal of Computer and Information Sciences</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Sakarya University Journal of Computer and Information Sciences</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                                        <abstract><p>This study aims to enhance organizational processes and support decision-making for managers by conducting an automated analysis of employee feedback through text classification. Employee satisfaction and motivation are critical factors that directly impact sustainability and efficiency goals. To overcome the challenges of manual feedback analysis, the study employs Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) algorithms. The dataset comprises feedback collected from meeting notes, internal surveys, and manager-employee interviews, with data synthesis and preprocessing steps including text cleaning, tokenization, and modelling. The study&#039;s findings reveal that the CNN algorithm achieved the best performance, with an accuracy of 99.12%, a test loss of 0.0609, precision of 0.9912, recall of 0.9912, and an F1 score of 0.9911. This research demonstrates the valuable contribution of automated classification models in effectively and efficiently analysing employee feedback.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Employee Feedback Classification</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  TCN</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  CNN</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  LSTM</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  BERT</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Deep Learning for Text Analysis</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                                                                                                                <funding-group specific-use="FundRef">
                    <award-group>
                                                    <funding-source>
                                <named-content content-type="funder_name">There is no supporting institution.</named-content>
                            </funding-source>
                                                                            <award-id>Project support was not received.</award-id>
                                            </award-group>
                </funding-group>
                                </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">M. Kayakuş and F. Y. Açıkgöz, “Classification of news texts by categories using machine learning methods,” *Alphanumeric Journal*, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 155–166, 2022, doi: 10.17093/alphanumeric.1149753.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">A. H. Bozkurt and N. Yalçın, “Topluluk öğrenmesi algoritmaları kullanarak Amazon yemek yorumları üzerine duygu analizi,” *Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi*, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 128–139, 2024, doi: 10.35193/bseufbd.1300732.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">M. F. Tuna, M. Polatgil, and O. Kaynar, “Restoran müşterilerinin geri bildirimleri üzerinde hedef kategorinin tespiti ve hedef tabanlı duygu analizi,” *Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi*, vol. 14, no. 40, pp. 1205–1221, 2023, doi: 10.21076/vizyoner.1208355.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">B. C. Öğe and F. Kayaalp, “Farklı sınıflandırma algoritmaları ve metin temsil yöntemlerinin duygu analizinde performans karşılaştırılması,” *Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi*, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 406–416, 2021, doi: 10.29130/dubited.1015320.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">İ. A. Metin and B. Karasulu, “İnsanın günlük aktivitelerinin yeni bir veri kümesi: Derin öğrenme tekniklerini kullanarak sınıflandırma performansı için kıyaslama sonuçları,” *Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi*, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 759–778, 2021, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.772849.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">E. Aydemir, M. Işık, and T. Tuncer, “Türkçe haber metinlerinin çok terimli Naive Bayes algoritması kullanılarak sınıflandırılması,” *Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi*, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 519–526, 2021, doi: 10.35234/fumbd.871986.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">M. M. Akgümüş and A. Boyacı, “Bankacılık sektörü için topluluk öğrenimini kullanan iki aşamalı bir müşteri şikayet yönetimi,” *TBV Bilgisayar Bilimleri ve Mühendisliği Dergisi*, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 45–52, 2023, doi: 10.54525/tbbmd.1163852.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">S. Ertem and E. Özbay, “Detection of COVID-19 anti-vaccination from Twitter data using deep learning and feature selection approaches,” *Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering*, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 116–133, 2024, doi: 10.62520/fujece.1443753.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">M. Demirbilek and S. Ö. Demirbilek, “Google yorumları üzerinden makine öğrenme yöntemleri ve Amazon Comprehend ile duygu analizi: İç Anadolu&#039;da bir üniversite örneği,” *Üniversite Araştırmaları Dergisi*, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 452–461, 2023, doi: 10.32329/uad.1383794.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">M. Çataltaş, B. Üstünel, and N. A. Baykan, “Sentiment classification on Turkish tweets about COVID-19 using LSTM network,” *Konya Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi*, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 341–353, 2023, doi: 10.36306/konjes.1173939.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">G. Alparslan and M. Dursun, “Konvolüsyonel sinir ağları tabanlı Türkçe metin sınıflandırma,” *Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi*, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 21–31, 2023, doi: 10.17671/gazibtd.1165291.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">M. Yılmaz and E. S. Günal, “Derin öğrenme temelli otomatik yardım masası sistemi,” *Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi*, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 318–327, 2022, doi: 10.31796/ogummf.1038486.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">J. Devlin, M.-W. Chang, K. Lee, and K. Toutanova, “BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding,” *arXiv preprint*, 2019, Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.04805.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">C. Lea, R. Vidal, A. Reiter, and G. D. Hager, “Temporal convolutional networks: A unified approach to action segmentation,” *Lecture Notes in Computer Science*, Springer International Publishing, 2016, doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-49409-8_7.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">B. Ghojogh and A. Ghodsi, “Recurrent neural networks and long short-term memory networks: Tutorial and survey,” *arXiv preprint*, 2023, Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.11461.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">İ. Budak and A. Organ, “Veri ve metin madenciliği ile hava yolu işletmelerinin COVID-19 öncesi ve sonrası sosyal medya yorum ve skorlarının değerlendirilmesi,” *Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi*, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 998–1022, 2022, doi: 10.25287/ohuiibf.1149801.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">İ. Sel and D. Hanbay, “Ön eğitimli dil modelleri kullanarak Türkçe tweetlerden cinsiyet tespiti,” *Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi*, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 675–684, 2021, doi: 10.35234/fumbd.929133.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">C. Aci and A. Çırak, “Türkçe haber metinlerinin konvolüsyonel sinir ağları ve Word2Vec kullanılarak sınıflandırılması,” *Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi*, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 219–228, 2019, doi: 10.17671/gazibtd.457917.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">O. T. Bişkin, “Multi-step forecasting of COVID-19 cases in European countries using temporal convolutional networks,” *Mugla Journal of Science and Technology*, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 117–126, 2021, doi: 10.22531/muglajsci.875414.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">A. Kasapbaşı and H. Canbolat, “İşitme engelli bireylerin hareketlerini sınıflandırmaya yönelik yapay zeka modelinin geliştirilmesi,” *Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science*, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 826–835, 2024, doi: 10.34248/bsengineering.1477046.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">B. Erol and T. İnkaya, “Satış tahmini için derin öğrenme yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması,” *Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi*, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 535–554, 2024, doi: 10.17482/uumfd.1382971.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">M. F. Tuna and Y. Görmez, “Evrişimsel sinir ağları tabanlı derin öğrenme yöntemiyle müşteri şikayetlerinin sınıflandırılması,” *Bingöl Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi*, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 31–46, 2024, doi: 10.33399/biibfad.1362160.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ö. Aydın and H. Kantarcı, “Türkçe anahtar sözcük çıkarımında LSTM ve BERT tabanlı modellerin karşılaştırılması,” *Bilgisayar Bilimleri ve Mühendisliği Dergisi*, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 9–18, 2024, doi: 10.54525/bbmd.1454220.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">S. Arslan and E. Fırat, “Stance detection on short Turkish text: A case study of Russia-Ukraine war,” *Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi*, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 602–619, 2024, doi: 10.35414/akufemubid.1377465.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Y. E. Gür, “Comparative analysis of deep learning models for silver price prediction: CNN, LSTM, GRU and hybrid approach,” *Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi*, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2024, doi: 10.25294/auiibfd.1404173.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">S. Y. Kahraman, A. Durmuşoğlu, and T. Dereli, “Ön eğitimli BERT modeli ile patent sınıflandırılması,” *Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi*, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 2484–2496, 2024, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.1292543.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">E. Ülker and Ö. İnik, “Derin öğrenme ve görüntü analizinde kullanılan derin öğrenme modelleri,” *Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi*, 2017, Available: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/gbad/issue/31228/330663.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ö. Aydın and H. Kantarcı, “Türkçe anahtar sözcük çıkarımında LSTM ve BERT tabanlı modellerin karşılaştırılması,” *Bilgisayar Bilimleri ve Mühendisliği Dergisi*, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 9–18, 2024, doi: 10.54525/bbmd.1454220.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">İ. Sel and D. Hanbay, “Ön eğitimli dil modelleri kullanarak Türkçe tweetlerden cinsiyet tespiti,” *Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi*, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 675–684, 2021, doi: 10.35234/fumbd.929133.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">B. Ghojogh and A. Ghodsi, “Recurrent neural networks and long short-term memory networks: Tutorial and survey,” *arXiv preprint*, 2023, Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.11461.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
