Glikojen Depoları , Egzersiz Antrenmanı ve Diyet Etkileşimi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 4, 205 - 219, 16.03.2018

Süleyman Bulut , Hüsrev Turnagöl

https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.357428

Öz

Bireylerin diyetlerinin değiştirilmesinin iskelet kası yakıt kullanımına etkisi uzun süredir yoğun ilgi çekmekte olup bu konuda çok sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Son yıllarda, besin-egzersiz etkileşiminin ve buna bağlı olarak glikojen depolarının hücre içi sinyal yollarını nasıl etkilediğini anlamaya yönelik artan bir çaba bulunmaktadır. Bu derleme kapsamında, glikojen depoları boş durumda iken yapılan egzersizin hücresel metabolik etkileri ve oluşan adaptasyon evreleri tartışılacaktır. Düşük glikojen depoları ile antrenman yapmanın submaksimal egzersizlerde yağ oksidasyonu ile ilgili hücresel sinyal yollarını etkilediği bilinmekle beraber bunun egzersiz performansını nasıl etkileyeceği tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Sağlık ve sportif performansın düşük glikojen depoları ile yapılan egzersizden sağlayacağı faydaların belirlenebilmesi için daha fazla araştırmaya gerek duyulmaktadır. Bunun yanında, sporcu ve antrenörlerin antrenman periyotlaması içerisinde düşük glikojen depoları ile antrenmanın avantaj ve dezavantajlarını iyi değerlendirmeleri gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Glikojen depoları, Egzersiz, Antrenman, Diyet, Metabolizma

Glycogen Stores, Training and Diet Interactions

Öz

There are numerous studies on the effects of changing individual diet on skeletal muscle substrate utilization and there has been huge, longstanding interest to the subject. Beside, there is a growing body of effort to understand how exercise-nutrient interactions and, consequently, the glycogen stores stimulate intracellular signaling pathways. In this review, the cellular metabolic effects of the exercise performed with empty glycogen stores and the resulting adaptation periods will be discussed. Although it has been known that training with low muscle glycogen stores modulates cellular signaling pathways related to fat oxidation during submaximal exercise, it is not clear how this could be translated into exercise performance. More research determining the benefits of exercise with low glycogen stores for health and sports performance is needed. In addition, pros and cons of training with low glycogen stores should be evaluated very carefully by the athletes and coaches within the periodized training programme.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Glycogen stores, Exercise, Training, Diet, Metabolism

Kaynakça

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