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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>isubu jaf</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1304-9984</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2687-3419</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Isparta University of Applied Sciences</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54975/isubuzfd.1057232</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Agricultural Engineering</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Ziraat Mühendisliği</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>The In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Some Tannin Extracts Against Pepper Spot Disease Caused by Xanthomonas spp.</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>In Vitro Ortamda Biber Leke Hastalık Etmeni Xanthomonas spp.’e Karşı Bazı Tanen Ekstraktlarının Antibakteriyel Aktivitesinin Değerlendirilmesi</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6320-5869</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Küsek</surname>
                                    <given-names>Mustafa</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-7632</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>İmecik</surname>
                                    <given-names>Zeynep</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9695-281X</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Ceyhan Başaran</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ceyda</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7409-4837</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Bektaş</surname>
                                    <given-names>İdris</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>AMASYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20220628">
                    <day>06</day>
                    <month>28</month>
                    <year>2022</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>17</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>10</fpage>
                                        <lpage>14</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20220123">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>23</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20220411">
                        <day>04</day>
                        <month>11</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2006, Journal of Agriculture Faculty</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2006</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Agriculture Faculty</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Pepper is an industrially important cultivated plant. One of the disease agents that cause significant problems in pepper cultivation in our country is Xanthomonas spp. Tannins are compounds in the root, wood, crust, leaves and fruit of plants that have significant antimicrobial effects on molds, yeast, bacteria and certain viruses. In this study the antibacterial activity of tannins against different bacterial strains were determined. Four different concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mg ml-1) of 3 different tannin extracts (Farmatan, Artutan and Artutan K) were tested against pepper bacterial spot disease causing 11 Xanthomonas spp. (strain from pepper fields of Kahramanmaras province). It has been identified that according to the diameter of the zone formed in the disk diffusion method, 3 tannins extract have anti-bacterial activity against the Xanthomonas spp. strains however, the effectiveness of Artutan K was found to be low. The most sensitive strains against three tannin extracts were identified as ZI364 and ZI370. It has been determined that strain ZI383 against the Farmatan and strains ZI94, ZI95, ZI107 and ZI110 against Artutan are resistant. It was also determined that the effect observed at the concentration of 1 mg ml-1 did not increase with the concentration increased. As a result, it is considered that when combined with appropriate concentration and sensitive strains, better efficacy than antibiotics can be achieved.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Biber endüstriyel olarak önemli bir kültür bitkisidir. Ülkemizde biber yetiştiriciliğinde önemli sorunlara sebep olan hastalık etmenlerinden birisi; Xanthomonas spp. cinsi bakterilerdir. Tanenler, genellikle bitkilerin kök, odun, kabuk, yaprak ve meyvelerinde bulunan ve funguslar, mayalar, bakteriler ve bazı virüsler üzerine önemli düzeyde antimikrobiyal etkileri olan bileşiklerdir. Bu çalışmada 3 farklı tanen ekstraktının (Farmatan, Artutan ve Artutan K) 4 farklı konsantrasyonun (0.5, 1, 2, ve 3 mg ml-1) biber bakteriyel leke hastalığına sebep olan ve Kahramanmaraş ili biber tarlalarından izole edilen 11 Xanthomonas spp. bakteri izolatlarına karşı antibakteriyel etkinliğini belirlemek ve etmenin mücadelesindeki önemini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Disk difüzyon yönteminde oluşan zon çapına göre 3 tanen ekstraktından Farmatan ve Artutan’nın Xanthomonas spp. izolatlarına karşı antibakteriyel etkiye sahip olduğu ancak ArtutanK’nın etkinliğinin az olduğu belirlenmiştir. Her üç tanen ekstraktına karşı en duyarlı izolat ZI364 ve ZI370 olarak belirlenmiştir. Farmatan’a karşı ZI383 izolatı, Artutana’a karşı ise ZI94, ZI95, ZI107 ve ZI110 izolatları dayanıklı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca 1 mg ml-1 konsantrasyon uygulamasında etkinin görüldüğü ve konsantrasyon arttıkça etkinin o oranda artmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, uygun konsantrasyon ve duyarlı izolatların kombinasyon uygulamaları yapıldığında antibiyotiklere nazaran daha iyi etkinlik sağlanabileceği düşünülmektedir.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Antibacterial activity</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  plant disease</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  plant extracts</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  tannin</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Xanthomonas</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Antibakteriyel aktivite</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  bitki eksraktları</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  bitki hastalığı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Xanthomonas</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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