Research Article
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Motivation Towards the Environment of Students Studying Taking Tourism Education

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: Özel Sayı, 593 - 607, 22.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.29249/selcuksbmyd.1142638

Abstract

Environment is one of the most important supply sources for tourism. Acting with an environmentally sensitive perspective for the sustainability of tourism will contribute to tourism as it will serve to protect the environment, which is the most important reason for tourism's existence. Today, the concept of motivation towards the environment, which serves to determine the motivation of people for environmental behavior, has been the subject of many researches. This research was carried out in order to determine the level of motivation towards the environment of the students receiving tourism education, and also to determine whether the motivation of the students towards the environment differs according to demographic variables. In order to determine the motivation of the participants towards the environment, the Motivation Towards the Environment Scale, developped by Pelletier et al. (1998) and consisting of 6 dimensions and 24 items, was used. The sample group of the research consists of the students (n=308) who are studying at the Faculty of Tourism at Selcuk University. Descriptive and causal-comparison methods were used in the study conducted in the quantitative research design, and a questionnaire was used as a data acquisition technique. As a result, it has been determined that the Motivation Towards the Environmental Scale is a valid and reliable tool that can be used outside the cultural context in which it was developed to measure people's various motivations for environmental behaviors. In the study, it was also determined that identification, which is one of the sub-dimensions of motivation towards the environment, had the highest (x̄=4.31) and the sub-dimension of amotivation had the lowest (x̄=1.65) arithmetic mean and there is difference by gender in the dimensions of intrinsic motivation and integration.

References

  • Aitken, N. M., Pelletier, L. G. ve Baxter, D. E. (2016). “Doing the Difficult Stuff: Influence of Self-Determined Motivation Toward the Environment on Transportation Proenvironmental Behavior”, Ecopsychology, 8(2), s. 153-162.
  • Boeve-de Pauw, J. ve Van Petegem, P. (2017). “Because My Friends Insist or Because It Makes Sense? Adolescents’ Motivation Towards the Environment”, Sustainability, 9(750), s. 1-13.
  • Budzanowska-Drzewiecka, M. ve Tutko, M. (2021). “The Impact of Individual Motivation on Employee Voluntary Pro-Environmental Behaviours: The Motivation Towards the Environment of Polish Employees”, Management of Environmental Quality, 32(5), s. 929-948. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-11-2020-0268.
  • Çamur D. ve Vaizoğlu S. A. (2007). “Çevreye İlişkin Önemli Toplantı ve Belgeler”, TSK Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni, 6(4), s. 297 - 306.
  • Çevre Kanunu, (1983, 11 Ağustos), Resmi Gazete (Sayı: 18132), Erişim adresi: https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuatmetin/1.5.2872.pdf.
  • Çiçek-Şentürk, O. ve Selvi, M. (2019). “The Development of Environmental Motivation Scale at Secondary Schools and Analysis of Different Variables of Students' Motivation Towards Environment”, Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research, 14(4), s. 218-236. doi: 10.29329/epasr.2019.220.13.
  • Deci, E. L. (1972). “Intrinsic Motivation, Extrinsic Reinforcement, and Inequity”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 22(1), s. 113-120.
  • Deci, E.L. ve Ryan, R.M. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior, New York, NY: Plenum.
  • Deci, E. L. ve Ryan, R. M. (2000). “The What and Why of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior”, Psychological Inquiry, 11, s. 319-338.
  • Deci, E. L. ve Ryan, R. M. (2008). “Self-Determination Theory: A Macro Theory of Human Motivation, Development, and Health”, Canadian Psychology, 49(3), s. 182-185.
  • Deci, E. L. ve Ryan, R. M. (2012). Motivation, Personality, and Development Within Embedded Social Contexts: An Overview of Self-Determination Theory, The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation (1 ed.), Ed. Ryan, R. M. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195399820.013.0006.
  • Gökdeniz, A. (2019). “Konaklama Sektöründe Yeşil Yönetim Kavramı, Eko Etiket ve Yeşil Yönetim Sertifikaları ve Otellerde Yeşil Yönetim Uygulama Örnekleri”, International Journal of Social and Economic Sciences, 7(2), s. 70–77. https://www.ijses.org/index.php/ijses/article/view/223.
  • Graves, L. M. ve Sarkis, J. (2018). “The Role of Employees’ Leadership Perceptions, Values, and Motivation in Employees’ Provenvironmental Behaviors”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 196, s. 576-587.
  • Graves, L. M., Sarkis, J. ve Gold, N. (2019). “Employee Proenvironmental Behavior in Russia: the Roles of Top Management Commitment, Managerial Leadership, and Employee Motives”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 140, s. 54-64.
  • Graves, L. M., Sarkis, J. ve Zhu, Q. (2013). “How Transformational Leadership and Employee Motivation Combine to Predict Employee Proenvironmental Behaviors in China”, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 35, s. 81-91.
  • Green-Demers, I., Pelletier, L. G. ve Menard, S. (1997). “The Impact of Behavioural Difficulty on the Saliency of the Association Between Self-Determined Motivation and Environmental Behaviours”, Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 29(3), s. 157-166.
  • Hicklenton, C., Hine, D. W. ve Loi, N. M. (2019). “Can Work Climate Foster Pro-Environmental Behavior Inside and Outside of the Workplace?”, PloS One, 14(10), s. 1-13.
  • Karaarslan, G., Sungur, S. ve Ertepınar, H. (2014). “Developing Preservice Science Teachers' Self-Determined Motivation Toward Environment Through Environmental Activities”, International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 9, s. 1-19. 10.12973/ijese.2013.222a.
  • Lavergne, K. J., Sharp, E. C., Pelletier, L. G. ve Holtby, A. (2010). “The Role of Perceived Government Style in the Facilitation of Self-Determined and Non Self-Determined Motivation for Pro-Environmental Behavior”, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(2), s. 169–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.11.002.
  • Özkubat, S. ve Demiriz, S. (2013). “Çevreye Karşı Motivasyon Ölçeği’nin Okul Öncesi Öğretmen Adayları Üzerinde Geçerlik Güvenirlik Çalışması”, Amasya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(1), s. 87-114. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/amauefd/issue/1728/21179.
  • Pelletier, L. G., Dion, S., Tuson, K. ve Green-Demers, I. (1999). “Why Do People Fail to Adopt Environmental Protective Behaviors? Toward a Taxonomy of Environmental Amotivation”, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29(12), s. 2481-2504.
  • Pelletier, L., Tuson, K., Green-Demers, I., Noels, K. ve Beaton, A. (2006). “Why Are You Doing Things for the Environment? The Motivation toward the Environmental Scale (MTES)”, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, s. 437-468. 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01714.x.
  • Renaud-Dube, A., Taylor, G., Lekes, N., Koestner, R. ve Guay, F. (2010), “Adolescents’ Motivation Toward the Environment: Age-Related Trends and Correlates”, Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 42(3), s. 194-199.
  • Rigby, C. Scott ve Richard M. Ryan (2018) “Self-Determination Theory in Human Resource Development: New Directions and Practical Considerations”, Advances in Developing Human Resources, 20(2), s. 133-147.
  • Ryan, R. M. ve Deci, E. L. (2000). “Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being”, American Psychologist, 55(1), s.68-78.
  • Ryan, M. R., Ryan, W. S., Di Domenice, S. I. ve Deci, E. L. (2019). The Nature and the Conditions of Human Autonomy and Flourishing: Self-Determination Theory and Basic Psychological Needs. The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation (2. ed.), Ed. Ryan, R. M. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190666453.013.6.
  • Sakarya, S. (2010). “Çevreye Karşı Motivasyon Ölçeğinin Okul Öncesi Öğretmen Adayları Üzerinde Geçerlik Güvenirlik Çalışması, Ankara İli Örneği”, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Sass, W., Pauw, J. B. de, Donche, V. ve Van Petegem, P. (2018). “‘Why (Should) I Do Something for the Environment?’ Profiles of Flemish Adolescents’ Motivation Toward the Environment”, Sustainability, 10(7), s. 1-17.
  • Villacorta, M., Koestner, R. ve Lekes, N. (2003). “Further Validation of the Motivation Toward the Environment Scale”, Environment and Behavior, 35(4), s. 486-505.
  • Yazıcı, Z., Aslan, A. ve Taştepe, T. (2013). “Pre-Service Teachers' Motivation Toward the Environment”, IIB International Refereed Academic Social Sciences Journal, 4(12), s. 95-107.

Turizm Eğitimi Almakta Olan Öğrencilerin Çevreye Karşı Motivasyonları

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: Özel Sayı, 593 - 607, 22.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.29249/selcuksbmyd.1142638

Abstract

Çevre turizm için en önemli arz kaynaklarından biridir. Turizmin sürdürülebilirliği için çevreye duyarlı bakış açısıyla hareket edilmesi, turizmin varlık sebeplerinden en önemlisi olan çevrenin korunmasına hizmet edeceğinden, turizme katkı sağlayacaktır. Günümüzde çevreci davranışlar için kişilerin motivasyonunu tespit etmeye hizmet eden çevreye karşı motivasyon kavramı pek çok araştırmanın konusu olmuştur. Bu araştırma turizm eğitimi almakta olan öğrencilerin çevreye karşı motivasyon düzeylerinin belirlenmesi, ayrıca öğrencilerin çevreye karşı motivasyonlarının demografik değişkenlere göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığının tespit edilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların çevreye karşı motivasyonlarını belirlemek amacıyla Pelletier vd. (1998) tarafından oluşturulmuş, 6 boyut ve 24 maddeden oluşan Çevreye Karşı Motivasyon Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu Selçuk Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesi’nde eğitim görmekte olan öğrenciler (n=308) oluşturmaktadır. Nicel araştırma deseninde yapılan çalışmada betimsel ve nedensel-karşılaştırma yöntemi kullanılmış olup, veri edinme tekniği olarak anketten yararlanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak çevreye karşı motivasyon ölçeğinin insanların çevresel davranışlarda bulunmaya yönelik çeşitli motivasyonlarını ölçmek için orijinal ölçeğin geliştirildiği kültürel bağlamın dışında da kullanılabilen geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğu, çevreye karşı motivasyonun alt boyutlarından olan özdeşleştirmenin en yüksek (x̄=4,31), motivasyonsuzluk alt boyutunun ise en düşük (x̄=1,65) ortalamaya sahip olduğu belirlenmiş, ayrıca çevreye karşı motivasyon ölçeği boyutlarından içsel motivasyon ile bütünleştirme boyutlarında cinsiyete göre farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • Aitken, N. M., Pelletier, L. G. ve Baxter, D. E. (2016). “Doing the Difficult Stuff: Influence of Self-Determined Motivation Toward the Environment on Transportation Proenvironmental Behavior”, Ecopsychology, 8(2), s. 153-162.
  • Boeve-de Pauw, J. ve Van Petegem, P. (2017). “Because My Friends Insist or Because It Makes Sense? Adolescents’ Motivation Towards the Environment”, Sustainability, 9(750), s. 1-13.
  • Budzanowska-Drzewiecka, M. ve Tutko, M. (2021). “The Impact of Individual Motivation on Employee Voluntary Pro-Environmental Behaviours: The Motivation Towards the Environment of Polish Employees”, Management of Environmental Quality, 32(5), s. 929-948. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-11-2020-0268.
  • Çamur D. ve Vaizoğlu S. A. (2007). “Çevreye İlişkin Önemli Toplantı ve Belgeler”, TSK Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni, 6(4), s. 297 - 306.
  • Çevre Kanunu, (1983, 11 Ağustos), Resmi Gazete (Sayı: 18132), Erişim adresi: https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuatmetin/1.5.2872.pdf.
  • Çiçek-Şentürk, O. ve Selvi, M. (2019). “The Development of Environmental Motivation Scale at Secondary Schools and Analysis of Different Variables of Students' Motivation Towards Environment”, Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research, 14(4), s. 218-236. doi: 10.29329/epasr.2019.220.13.
  • Deci, E. L. (1972). “Intrinsic Motivation, Extrinsic Reinforcement, and Inequity”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 22(1), s. 113-120.
  • Deci, E.L. ve Ryan, R.M. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior, New York, NY: Plenum.
  • Deci, E. L. ve Ryan, R. M. (2000). “The What and Why of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior”, Psychological Inquiry, 11, s. 319-338.
  • Deci, E. L. ve Ryan, R. M. (2008). “Self-Determination Theory: A Macro Theory of Human Motivation, Development, and Health”, Canadian Psychology, 49(3), s. 182-185.
  • Deci, E. L. ve Ryan, R. M. (2012). Motivation, Personality, and Development Within Embedded Social Contexts: An Overview of Self-Determination Theory, The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation (1 ed.), Ed. Ryan, R. M. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195399820.013.0006.
  • Gökdeniz, A. (2019). “Konaklama Sektöründe Yeşil Yönetim Kavramı, Eko Etiket ve Yeşil Yönetim Sertifikaları ve Otellerde Yeşil Yönetim Uygulama Örnekleri”, International Journal of Social and Economic Sciences, 7(2), s. 70–77. https://www.ijses.org/index.php/ijses/article/view/223.
  • Graves, L. M. ve Sarkis, J. (2018). “The Role of Employees’ Leadership Perceptions, Values, and Motivation in Employees’ Provenvironmental Behaviors”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 196, s. 576-587.
  • Graves, L. M., Sarkis, J. ve Gold, N. (2019). “Employee Proenvironmental Behavior in Russia: the Roles of Top Management Commitment, Managerial Leadership, and Employee Motives”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 140, s. 54-64.
  • Graves, L. M., Sarkis, J. ve Zhu, Q. (2013). “How Transformational Leadership and Employee Motivation Combine to Predict Employee Proenvironmental Behaviors in China”, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 35, s. 81-91.
  • Green-Demers, I., Pelletier, L. G. ve Menard, S. (1997). “The Impact of Behavioural Difficulty on the Saliency of the Association Between Self-Determined Motivation and Environmental Behaviours”, Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 29(3), s. 157-166.
  • Hicklenton, C., Hine, D. W. ve Loi, N. M. (2019). “Can Work Climate Foster Pro-Environmental Behavior Inside and Outside of the Workplace?”, PloS One, 14(10), s. 1-13.
  • Karaarslan, G., Sungur, S. ve Ertepınar, H. (2014). “Developing Preservice Science Teachers' Self-Determined Motivation Toward Environment Through Environmental Activities”, International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 9, s. 1-19. 10.12973/ijese.2013.222a.
  • Lavergne, K. J., Sharp, E. C., Pelletier, L. G. ve Holtby, A. (2010). “The Role of Perceived Government Style in the Facilitation of Self-Determined and Non Self-Determined Motivation for Pro-Environmental Behavior”, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(2), s. 169–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.11.002.
  • Özkubat, S. ve Demiriz, S. (2013). “Çevreye Karşı Motivasyon Ölçeği’nin Okul Öncesi Öğretmen Adayları Üzerinde Geçerlik Güvenirlik Çalışması”, Amasya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(1), s. 87-114. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/amauefd/issue/1728/21179.
  • Pelletier, L. G., Dion, S., Tuson, K. ve Green-Demers, I. (1999). “Why Do People Fail to Adopt Environmental Protective Behaviors? Toward a Taxonomy of Environmental Amotivation”, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29(12), s. 2481-2504.
  • Pelletier, L., Tuson, K., Green-Demers, I., Noels, K. ve Beaton, A. (2006). “Why Are You Doing Things for the Environment? The Motivation toward the Environmental Scale (MTES)”, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, s. 437-468. 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01714.x.
  • Renaud-Dube, A., Taylor, G., Lekes, N., Koestner, R. ve Guay, F. (2010), “Adolescents’ Motivation Toward the Environment: Age-Related Trends and Correlates”, Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 42(3), s. 194-199.
  • Rigby, C. Scott ve Richard M. Ryan (2018) “Self-Determination Theory in Human Resource Development: New Directions and Practical Considerations”, Advances in Developing Human Resources, 20(2), s. 133-147.
  • Ryan, R. M. ve Deci, E. L. (2000). “Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being”, American Psychologist, 55(1), s.68-78.
  • Ryan, M. R., Ryan, W. S., Di Domenice, S. I. ve Deci, E. L. (2019). The Nature and the Conditions of Human Autonomy and Flourishing: Self-Determination Theory and Basic Psychological Needs. The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation (2. ed.), Ed. Ryan, R. M. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190666453.013.6.
  • Sakarya, S. (2010). “Çevreye Karşı Motivasyon Ölçeğinin Okul Öncesi Öğretmen Adayları Üzerinde Geçerlik Güvenirlik Çalışması, Ankara İli Örneği”, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Sass, W., Pauw, J. B. de, Donche, V. ve Van Petegem, P. (2018). “‘Why (Should) I Do Something for the Environment?’ Profiles of Flemish Adolescents’ Motivation Toward the Environment”, Sustainability, 10(7), s. 1-17.
  • Villacorta, M., Koestner, R. ve Lekes, N. (2003). “Further Validation of the Motivation Toward the Environment Scale”, Environment and Behavior, 35(4), s. 486-505.
  • Yazıcı, Z., Aslan, A. ve Taştepe, T. (2013). “Pre-Service Teachers' Motivation Toward the Environment”, IIB International Refereed Academic Social Sciences Journal, 4(12), s. 95-107.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Original Research Articles
Authors

Şafak Ünüvar 0000-0001-9177-8704

Gamze Temizel This is me 0000-0001-6576-1634

Early Pub Date September 19, 2022
Publication Date September 22, 2022
Submission Date July 8, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 25 Issue: Özel Sayı

Cite

APA Ünüvar, Ş., & Temizel, G. (2022). Turizm Eğitimi Almakta Olan Öğrencilerin Çevreye Karşı Motivasyonları. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 25(Özel Sayı), 593-607. https://doi.org/10.29249/selcuksbmyd.1142638

Journal of Selçuk University Social Sciences Vocational School is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).