As a rule in Roman law, a faulty behavior of a party suffering damage in the occurrence of a damage is accepted as a reason to eliminate the liability of the party causing damage to compensate the damage unless the offender acted with intent. This rule, which is based on the idea that "he who suffers a loss through his own fault is not considered damaged", brings along the principle of "compensatio culparum: exchange of negligence". Compensatio culparum, which is reflected in the concept expressed as "mutual fault, joint fault, fault of the damaged party" in today's law, is based on the principle of mutual negligence in case of negligence from both the party causing damage and the party suffering damage. Today, the fault of a party suffering damage is not an absolute reason that removes the liability of the party causing it. Moreover, Article 52 in the Turkish Code of Obligations points out to the practice of mutual fault for determining the scope of the benefit obligation.
Roma Hukukunda zarar görenin zararın meydana gelmesindeki kusurlu davranışı, kural olarak zarar verenin, zararı giderme yükümlülüğünü ortadan kaldıran bir neden olarak kabul edilmiştir. Temelini “kendi kusuru ile zarara uğrayan, zarar görmüş sayılmaz” düşüncesinde bulan kural, “compensatio culparum: ihmallerin mahsubu” ilkesini de beraberinde getirmektedir. Günümüz hukukunda “birlikte kusur, müterafık kusur, zarar görenin kusuru” olarak ifade edilen kavramda yansımasını bulan compensatio culparum, hem zarar verenin hem zarar görenin ihmalinin bulunması durumunda karşılıklı ihmallerin birbirini götürmesi esasına dayanır.
Günümüzde zarar görenin birlikte kusuru, zarar verenin tazminat yükümlülüğünü mutlak surette ortadan kaldıran bir sebep değildir. Bununla beraber Türk Borçlar Kanunu’nun 52. maddesinin 1. fıkrası, haksız fiilden doğan borç ilişkilerinde tazminat yükümlülüğünün kapsamının belirlenmesinde birlikte kusurun uygulama alanına işaret etmektedir.
Primary Language | Turkish |
---|---|
Subjects | Law in Context (Other) |
Journal Section | Research Articles |
Authors | |
Early Pub Date | December 20, 2023 |
Publication Date | December 31, 2023 |
Submission Date | September 28, 2023 |
Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 11 Issue: 2 |
The published articles in SLJ are licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License