EVALUATION OF GOLD MINE TAILINGS IN CEMENT MORTAR: INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL ADMIXTURES

Year 2020, Volume: 38 Issue: 4, 2155 - 2168, 05.10.2021

Meral Yıldırım Ozen Fatma Dur Kubra Kunt Emek Moroydor Derun

Abstract

This study presents an experimental investigation on the influences of gold mine tailings as a substitute for cement. Various ratios of air-entraining and superplasticizer admixtures were used in the determined composition of gold mine tailing-containing mortars. Several analytical variables, including setting time, water absorption, and strength tests, were studied to establish the relationship between these added materials and the properties of cement mortars. In addition, the compositions of 28-day–cured samples were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results showed that when the water /binder (w/b) ratio is kept constant at 0.5, the replacement of cement by 10% gold mine tailing showed mechanical properties similar to those of the reference sample. The mortars prepared with 0.5% superplasticizer admixture reached the highest compressive and flexural strength values of 64.16 MPa and 8.99 MPa, respectively. When flowability and water absorption properties are improved by the air-entraining admixture addition, the compressive and flexural strength decrease.

Keywords

Cement mortar, chemical admixture, gold mine tailing, industrial waste.

References

• [1] Targan, S., Olgun, S., Erdogan, Y., Sevinc V. (2003) Influence of natural pozzolan, colemanite ore waste, bottom ash, and fly ash on the properties of Portland cement, Cement and Concrete Research, 33, 1175-1182. [2] Safiuddin, M., Jumaat, M. Z., Salam, M. A., Islam, M.S., Hashim, R. (2010) Utilization of solid wastes in construction materials International Journal of Physical Sciences, 5, 1952-1963.
• [3] Lottermoser, B.G. (2007) Mine Wastes: Characterization, Treatment, Environmental Impacts". Springer Publishing, 205-241.
• [4] Yilmaz, M. S., Piskin, S. (2015) Evaluation of novel synthesis of ordered SBA-15 mesoporous silica from gold mine tailings slurry by experimental design, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 46, 176-182.
• [5] Roy, S., Adhikari, G. R., Gupta, R. N. (2007) Use of gold mill tailings in making bricks: a feasibility study Waste Management & Research, 25(5), 475-482.
• [6] Kunt, K., Yildirim, M., Dur, F., Derun, E. M. (2015) Utilization of Bergama gold tailings as an additive in the mortar, Celal Bayar University Journal of Science, 11(3), 365-371.
• [7] Akcil, A. (2001) Cyanide versus environment: Turkey’s final decision, Mining Environmental Management. 9(6), 22-23.
• [8] Mahmood, A. A., Mulligan, C. N. (2007) Investigation of the use of mine tailings for unpaved road base". Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International Conference on Soils, Sediments, Water and Energy.
• [9] Wang, W., Yang, C. (2011) Comprehensive utilization and resources of gold mining tailings, Key Engineering Materials, 480, 1483-1441.
• [10] Ahmari, S., Zhang, L. (2015) The properties and durability of mine tailings-based geopolymeric masonry blocks". In: Eco-efficient masonry bricks and blocks Pacheco-Torgal, F., Louren, P. B., Labrincha, J. A., Kumar, S. Edition., 289-309.
• [11] Benzaazoua, M., Bussière, B., Demers, I., Aubertin, M., Fried, E., Blier, A. (2008) Integrated mine tailings management by combining environmental desulphurization and cemented paste backfill: Application to Mine Doyon, Quebec, Canada, Minerals Engineering, 21, 330-340.
• [12] Yonggang, Y., Shenhong, Z., Qiuyi, L., Benju, Y., Yu, C. (2011) Research on making fired bricks with gold tailings, Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring, 1687-1690.
• [13] Widojoko, L., Hardjasaputra , H., Susilowati. (2013) Study of gold mine tailings utilization as fine aggregate material for producing mortar based on concept of green technology, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Engineering and Technology Development, 08-17.
• [14] Vignesh, S., Reddy, B. M., Nachiar, S. S. "Effect of partial replacement of natural sand with gold mine tailings on some properties of masonry mortars". International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 4, pp. 583-586. 2015. DOI: 10.17577/IJERTV4IS040808
• [15] Ramesh, H. N., Krishnaiah, A. J., Supriya, M. D. (2012) Effect of lime on the compaction and strength behaviour of red earth treated with mine tailings, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 2, 1-6.
• [16] Fall, M., Célestin, J. C., Pokharel, M., Touré, M. (2010) A contribution to understanding the effects of curing temperature on the mechanical properties of mine cemented tailings backfill, Engineering Geology, 114, 397-413.
• [17] Celik, O., Elbeyli, I. Y., Piskin, S. (2006) Utilization of gold tailings as an additive in Portland cement, Waste Management & Research, 24, 215-224.
• [18] TS EN 196-1 (2009) Methods of testing cement, Part 1: Determination of strength.
• [19] TS EN 1015-3 (2000) Methods of test for mortar for masonry, Part 3: Determination of consistence of fresh mortar (by flow table).
• [20] TS EN 480-2 (2008) Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout - Test methods, Part 2: Determination of setting time.
• [21] Guoxin, Li., G. Z., Li, Y. (2016) Effects of superplasticizers and retarders on the fluidity and strength of sulphoaluminate cement, Construction and Building Materials, 126, 44-54.
• [22] Thomas, B. S., Damare, A., Gupta, R. C. (2013) Strength and durability characteristics of copper tailing concrete Construction and Building Materials, 48, 894-900.
• [23] Onuaguluchi, O., Eren, O(2012) Copper tailings as a potential additive in concrete: consistency, strength and toxic metal immobilization properties, Indian Journal of Engineering & Material Sciences, 19, 79-86.
• [24] Mendes, J. C., Moro, T. K., Figueiredo, A. S., do Carmo Silva, K. D., Silva, G. C., Silva, G. J. B., Peix, R. A. F. (2017) Mechanical, rheological and morphological analysis of cement-based composites with a new LAS-based air entraining agent, Construction and Building Materials, 145, 648- 661.
• [25] Zhang, S. P., Zong, L. (2014) Evaluation of relationship between water absorption and durability of concrete materials, Materials Science and Engineering: A
• [26] Yu, Y., Yu, J., Ge, Y. (2016) Water and chloride permeability research on ordinary cement mortar and concrete with compound admixture and fly ash Construction and Building Materials, 127, 556-564.
• [27] Schackow, A., Effting, C., Folgueras, M. V., Güths, S., Mendes, G. A. (2014) Mechanical and thermal properties of lightweight concretes with vermiculite and EPS using air-entraining agent, Construction and Building Materials, 57, 190-197.
• [28] Sari, D., Pasamehmetoglu, A. G. (2005) The effects of gradation and admixture on the pumice lightweight aggregate concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 35, 936-942.
• [29] Henkensiefken, R., Castro, J., Bentz, D., Nantung, T., Weiss, J. (2009) Water absorption in internally cured mortar made with water-filled lightweight aggregate, Cement and Concrete Research, 39, 883-892.
• [30] Appa Rao, G. (2011), Generalization of Abrams' law for cement mortars, Cement and Concrete Research, 31, 495-502.
• [31] Gagné, R. (2016) Air entraining agents, In: Science and Technology of Concrete Admixtures Aitcin, P. C., Flatt, R. J. edition, 379-391.
• [32] Qing, Y., Zenan, Z., Deyu, K., Rongshen, C. (2007) Influence of nano-SiO2 addition on properties of hardened cement paste as compared with silica fume, Construction and Building Materials, 21, 539-545.