BİR AKADEMİK GİRİŞİMİN (SPIN-OFF) KÜRESEL BİR ŞİRKETE DÖNÜŞÜM SÜRECİNDE YENİLİKLERİN ROLÜ: HEWLETT-PACKARD (HP) ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 20 - 38, 19.08.2023

Fatih Çelik

Abstract

Akademik girişim (spin-off), kısaca üniversite öğrencileri ve/veya akademisyenler tarafından geliştirdikleri mal veya hizmeti ticarileştirmek üzere kurulan bir şirkettir. Kimi akademik girişimler belli bir süre (20-40 yıl) sonra büyeyerek küresel bir şirkete dönüşmektedir. Bu çalışmada, bu şirketlerden biri olan Hewlett-Packard (HP) doküman analizi tekniği ile incelenmiştir. HP, Stanford Üniversitesi’nde Profesör Terman’ın destekleriyle öğrencileri Hewlett ve Packard tarafından 1939 yılında 538 $ sermaye ile kurulmuştur. HP’nin kuruluş sürecini başlatan ürün, Hewlett’ın üniversitedeki araştırmalarıyla icat ettiği ses osilatörüdür. Bu ürünü ticarileştirmek üzere “garajdaki mucitler” olarak adlandırılan Hewlett ve Packard tarafından kurulan HP, geliştirdiği yeni ürünlerle 1970’lerden itibaren küresel bir şirkete dönüşmüştür. HP’nin evrim sürecinde başlıca şu unsurların etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir: Girişimcilik ekosistemi (HP’nin kurulmasıyla filizlenen ve dünyanın başlıca girişimcilik merkezi olan Silikon Vadisi), yenilikçi akademisyen (Silikon Vadisi’nin akademik mimarı Profesör Terman), mucit (yeni ürünler geliştiren Hewlett ve Packard), icat (HP’nin geliştirdiği ürünler), yenilikçi girişimci (Hewlett ve Packard), Ar-Ge faaliyetleri (HP’nin Ar-Ge laboratuvarları kurması), ürünleri yenileme yeteneği ve hızı (sürdürülebilir yenilik) ile kurumsal kültür (HP’nin kurucularının oluşturduğu kültür, HP Way).

Keywords

Akademik Girişim, Yenilik, Stanford Üniversitesi, Silikon Vadiksi, Hewlett-Packard

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