Research Article
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Relationships between some soil properties and bulk density under different land use

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 43 - 50, 13.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1218353

Abstract

In this study, the changes of some soil physical and chemical properties were investigated under different land use conditions in Turhal, Turkey. Soil samples were collected from 0-20 cm depth from twenty four plots under eight different land uses which are sunflower, wheat, vegetable, orchard, sugar beet, meadow, pasture and alfalfa plants. Some soil properties where these plants are grown and their effects on the bulk density were investigated. The findings show that basic soil properties and practices related to plant management are effective on the bulk density. While the lowest mean bulk density value was determined in meadow (1.00 g cm-3) areas, the highest bulk density value was determined in soils cultivated with sugar beet (1.71 g cm-3). Correlations between the investigated parameters were tested with the use of Pearson’s correlation method. Bulk density and some soil parameters used in the evaluation of structural stability and sensitivity to erosion were found significant relationships.

References

  • Abbott, L. K., & Manning, D. A. C. (2015). Soil health and related ecosystem services in organic agriculture. Sustainable Agriculture Research, 4(3), 116-125. https://doi:10.5539/sar.v4n3p116
  • Agassi, M., & Bradford, J. M. (1999). Methodologies for interrill soil erosion studies. Soil and Tillage Research, 49(4), 277-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-1987(98)00182-2
  • Anonymous (2020). Tokat meteorology bulletin reports, Tokat, Turkey.
  • Aprile, F., & Lorandi, R. (2012). Evaluation of Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) in Tropical Soils Using Four Different Analytical Methods. Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(6). https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v4n6p278
  • Arshad, M. A., & Martin, S. (2002). Identifying critical limits for soil quality indicators in agro-ecosystem. Agricultural, Ecosystems and Environment, 88, 153-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(01)00252-3
  • Aşkın, T,, & Özdemir, N. (2003). Soil bulk density as related to soil particle size distribution and organic matter content. Poljoprivreda/Agriculture, 9, 52-55.
  • Bayraklı, F. (1987). Toprak ve bitki analizleri. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fak. Yayın No: 38, Samsun, 131-135.
  • Bhattacharyya, T., Sen, T. K., Singh, R. S., Nayak, D. C., & Sehgal, J. L. (1994). Morphology and classification of Ultisols with Kandic horizon in north eastern region. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 42, 301-306.
  • Black, C. A. (1965). Methods of soil analysis: Part 1, Physical and Mineralogical Properties. American Society of Agronomy, Madison. No 9.
  • Blake, G. R., & Hartge, K. H. (1986). Bulk density. In: Klute, A., Ed., Methods of soil analysis, Part 1-Physical and Mineralogical Methods, 2nd Edition, Agronomy Monograph 9, American Society of Agronomy-Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, USA.363-382.
  • Brahim, N., Bernoux, M., & Gallali, T. (2012). Pedotransfer functions to estimate soil bulk density for Northern Africa: Tunisia case. Journal of Arid Environments, 81, 77-83. https://doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.01.0112.
  • Brevik, E. C. (2009). Soil health and productivity. In: Verheye, W. (Ed.), Soils, plant growth and crop production. Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS). EOLSS Publishers, Oxford, UK Developed under the Auspices of the UNESCO. http://www. eolss.net.
  • Çerçioğlu, M., Anderson, S. H., Udawatta, R. P., & Alagele, S. (2019). Effect of cover crop management on soil hydraulic properties. Geoderma, 343, 247-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.02.027
  • Çerçioğlu, M. (2020). Changes in soil hydro-physical properties by cover crops relative to tillage management. Eurasian Soil Science, 53, 1446–1454. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229320100051
  • David, R., & Dimitrios, P. (2002). Diffusion and cation exchange during the reclamation of saline-structured soils. Geoderma, 107(3-4), 271–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-7061(01)00152-5
  • Demir, Z., & Işık, D. (2019). Effects of cover crops on soil hydraulic properties and yield in a persimmon orchard. Bragantia, 78(4), 596-605. https://doi: 10.1590/1678-4499.2010197
  • Demir, Z., Tursun, N., & Işık, D. (2019). Effects of different cover crops on soil quality parameters and yield in an apricot orchard. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 21(2), 399-408. https://doi:10.17957/IJAB/15.0000
  • Demir, Z., & Işık, D. (2020). The impact of different cover crops, mechanical cultivation and herbicide treatment on the soil quality variables and yield in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard with a coarse-textured soil. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 26(4), 452-470. https://doi:10.15832/ankutbd.527445
  • Demir, Z. (2020). Quantifying some physical properties and organic matter of soils under different management systems in cherry orchard. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 9(3), 208-221. https://doi:10.18393/ejss.726906
  • Demiralay, İ. (1993). Toprak fiziksel analizleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 143, 131, Erzurum.
  • Dexter, A. R. (2004). Soil physical quality. Part I. Theory, Effects of Soil Texture, Density, and Organic Matter, and Effects on Root Growth. Geoderma, 120, 201-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.09.004
  • Dixon, J. B., & Weed, S. B. (eds) (1989). Minerals in soil environment. SSSA book series no. 1. SSSA, Madison.
  • Doran, J. W. (2002). Soil health and global sustainability: translating science into practice. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment, 88, 119-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(01)00246-8
  • Ferry, D. M., & Olsen, R. A. (1975). Orientation of clay particles as it relates to crusting of soil. Soil Science, 120(5), 367–375. https://doi:10.1097/00010694-197511000-00008
  • Gülser, C. (2006). Effect of forage cropping treatments on soil structure and relationships with fractal dimensions. Geoderma 131, 33-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.03.004
  • Hazelton, P., & Murphy, B. (2016). Interpreting soil test results: What do all the numbers mean? CSIRO Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1071/9781486303977.
  • Hillel, D. (1982). Introduction to Soil Physics. Academic Press Limited, 24-28 Oval Road, London.
  • Hillel, D. (1998). Environmental soil physics. Academic Press, San Diego, 771 pp.
  • Jalali, M. (2008). Effect of sodium and magnesium on kinetics of potassium release in some calcareous soils of western Iran. Geoderma, 145, 207–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.03.005
  • Kacar, B. (1994). Chemical analyses of plant and soil: III. Soil Analyses, Publications of Agricultural Faculty of Ankara University: 3 Ankara, Turkey.
  • Krull, E. S., Baldock, J. A., & Skjemstad, J. O. (2003). Importance of mechanisms and processes of the stabilization of soil organic matter for modelling carbon turnover. Functional Plant Biology 30, 207-222. https://doi.org/10.1071/FP02085
  • Legout, C., Leguedois, S., & Le Bissonnais, Y. (2005). Aggregate breakdown dynamics under rainfall compared with aggregate stability measurements. European Journal of Soil Science, 56, 225-237. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00663.x
  • Leifeld, J., Bassin, S., & Fuhrer, J. (2005). Carbon stocks in Swiss agricultural soils predicted by land-use, soil characteristics, and altitude. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 105, 255–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2004.03.006
  • Lestariningsih, I. D., Widianto, & Hairiah, K. (2013). Assessing soil compaction with two different methods of soil bulk density measurement in oil palm plantation soil. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 17, 172-178. https://doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2013.02.026
  • Li, P., Zhang, T., Wang, X., & Yu, D. (2013). Development of biological soil quality indicator system for subtropical China. Soil and Tillage Research, 126, 112-118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2012.07.011
  • Mamedov, A. I., Shainberg, I., & Levy, G. J. (2002). Wetting rate and sodicity effects on interrill erosion from semi-arid Israeli soils. Soil and Tillage Research, 68, 121–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-1987(02)00115-0
  • Mukherjee, A., & Zimmerman, A. R. (2013). Organic carbon and nutrient release from a range of laboratory-produced biochars and biochar–soil mixtures. Geoderma (193-194), 122-130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.10.002
  • Makovníková, J., Širáň M., Houšková B., Pálka B., & Jones A. (2017). Comparison of different models for predicting soil bulk density. Case study - Slovakian agricultural soils. International Agrophysics, 31(4), 491–498. https://doi.org/10.1515/intag-2016-0079.
  • Oades, J. M. (1989). An introduction to organic matter in mineral soils. p. 89-159. In J.B. Dixon and S.B. Weed (ed.) Minerals in soil environments. 2nd ed. SSSA, Madison, WI.
  • Özdemir, N. (2013). Soil and water conservation. Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Agriculture publications, No:22, 3rd Edition, Samsun, Turkey.
  • Parfitt, R. L., Eason, C. T., Morgan, A. J., Wright, G. R., & Burke, C. M. (1994). The fate of sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) in soil and water. Pages 59-66 in Seawright, A.A., Eason, C.T. editors. Proceedings of the Science Workshop on 1080, 12-14 December 1993, Christchurch, New Zealand. Royal Society of New Zealand, Wellington.
  • Parlak, M., Alatürk, F., Parlak, A. Ö. & Gökkuş, A. (2015). Effect of Different Improvement Applications to Soil Erosion in Shrubby Rangelands of Gökçeada (Çanakkale). ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(1), 123-132.
  • Post, W. M., Emmanuel, W. R., Zinke, P. J., & Stangenberger, A. G. (1982). Soil carbon pools and world life zones. Nature, 298, 156-159.
  • Rao, P. S. C., & Wagenet, R. J. (1985). Spatial variability of field soils: Methods for data analysis and consequences. Weed Science, 33, 18-24.
  • Rao, V. A. P., Naidu, M. V. S., Ramavatharam, N., & Rama Rao, G. (2008). Characterization, classification and evaluation of soils on different landforms in Ramachandrapuram mandal of Chittoor district in Andhra Pradesh for sustainable land use planning. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 56, 23-33.
  • Rice, C. W. (2006). Organic matter and nutrient dynamics. Encyclopedia of Soil Science, 2, 1180-1183.
  • Ruehlmann, J., & Körschens, M. (2009). Calculating the effect of soil organic matter concentration on soil bulk density. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 73(3), 876-885. https://doi:10.2136/sssaj2007.0149
  • Saidi, D. (2012). Relationship between cation exchange capacity and the saline phase of Cheliff sol. Agricultural Science, 3(3), 434-443. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2012.33051
  • Sağlam, T. (1997). Soil chemistry. Trakya University, Tekirdag Faculty of Agriculture, Publication No: 190, Tekirdag, Turkey.
  • Shahid, S. A., Zaman, M., Heng, L. (2018). Soil salinity: Historical perspectives and a world overview of the problem. In guideline for salinity assessment, mitigation and adaptation using nuclear and related techniques, 1st ed.; Zaman, M., Shahid, S.A., Heng, L., Eds.; Springer Nature: Cham, Switzerland, 1, 43–53.
  • Soil Survey Staff. (1993). Soil survey manual. IICA CO 631.4 S6831s 1952.
  • Tufa, M., Melese, A., & Tena, W. (2019). Effects of land use types on selected soil physical and chemical properties: The case of Kuyu District, Ethiopia. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 8(2): 94 - 109. https://doi:10.18393/ejss.510744
  • Wang, Q., Li, Y., & Klassen, W. (2005). Determination of cation exchange capacity on low to highly calcareous soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 36, 1479-1498. https://doi.org/10.1081/CSS-200058493
  • Wischmeier, W. H., & Smith, D. D. (1978). Predicting rainfall erosion loses a guide to conservation planning. United States Department of Agronomy, Agriculture Handbook No:557, Washington, USA.
  • Yimer, F., Ledin, S., & Abdelkadir, A. (2007). Changes in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents in three adjacent land-use types in the Bale Mountains, south-eastern highlands of Ethiopia. Forest Ecology and Management 242 (2/3), 337–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.01.087
  • Yu, J., Wang, Z., Meixner, F. X., Yang, F., Wu, H., & Chen, X. (2010). Biogeochemical characterizations and reclamation strategies of saline sodic soil in northeastern China. CLEAN–Soil, Air, Water, 38, 1010–1016. https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.201000276
  • Zeraatpishe, M., & Khormali, F. (2012). Carbon stock and mineral factors controlling soil organic carbon in a climatic gradient, Golestan Province. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-95162012005000022
  • Zhang, X., & Norton, L. (2002). Effect of exchangeable Mg on saturated hydraulic conductivity, disaggregation and clay dispersion of disturbed soils. Journal of Hydrology, 260(1-4), 194–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1694(01)00612-6
Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 43 - 50, 13.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1218353

Abstract

References

  • Abbott, L. K., & Manning, D. A. C. (2015). Soil health and related ecosystem services in organic agriculture. Sustainable Agriculture Research, 4(3), 116-125. https://doi:10.5539/sar.v4n3p116
  • Agassi, M., & Bradford, J. M. (1999). Methodologies for interrill soil erosion studies. Soil and Tillage Research, 49(4), 277-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-1987(98)00182-2
  • Anonymous (2020). Tokat meteorology bulletin reports, Tokat, Turkey.
  • Aprile, F., & Lorandi, R. (2012). Evaluation of Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) in Tropical Soils Using Four Different Analytical Methods. Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(6). https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v4n6p278
  • Arshad, M. A., & Martin, S. (2002). Identifying critical limits for soil quality indicators in agro-ecosystem. Agricultural, Ecosystems and Environment, 88, 153-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(01)00252-3
  • Aşkın, T,, & Özdemir, N. (2003). Soil bulk density as related to soil particle size distribution and organic matter content. Poljoprivreda/Agriculture, 9, 52-55.
  • Bayraklı, F. (1987). Toprak ve bitki analizleri. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fak. Yayın No: 38, Samsun, 131-135.
  • Bhattacharyya, T., Sen, T. K., Singh, R. S., Nayak, D. C., & Sehgal, J. L. (1994). Morphology and classification of Ultisols with Kandic horizon in north eastern region. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 42, 301-306.
  • Black, C. A. (1965). Methods of soil analysis: Part 1, Physical and Mineralogical Properties. American Society of Agronomy, Madison. No 9.
  • Blake, G. R., & Hartge, K. H. (1986). Bulk density. In: Klute, A., Ed., Methods of soil analysis, Part 1-Physical and Mineralogical Methods, 2nd Edition, Agronomy Monograph 9, American Society of Agronomy-Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, USA.363-382.
  • Brahim, N., Bernoux, M., & Gallali, T. (2012). Pedotransfer functions to estimate soil bulk density for Northern Africa: Tunisia case. Journal of Arid Environments, 81, 77-83. https://doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.01.0112.
  • Brevik, E. C. (2009). Soil health and productivity. In: Verheye, W. (Ed.), Soils, plant growth and crop production. Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS). EOLSS Publishers, Oxford, UK Developed under the Auspices of the UNESCO. http://www. eolss.net.
  • Çerçioğlu, M., Anderson, S. H., Udawatta, R. P., & Alagele, S. (2019). Effect of cover crop management on soil hydraulic properties. Geoderma, 343, 247-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.02.027
  • Çerçioğlu, M. (2020). Changes in soil hydro-physical properties by cover crops relative to tillage management. Eurasian Soil Science, 53, 1446–1454. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229320100051
  • David, R., & Dimitrios, P. (2002). Diffusion and cation exchange during the reclamation of saline-structured soils. Geoderma, 107(3-4), 271–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-7061(01)00152-5
  • Demir, Z., & Işık, D. (2019). Effects of cover crops on soil hydraulic properties and yield in a persimmon orchard. Bragantia, 78(4), 596-605. https://doi: 10.1590/1678-4499.2010197
  • Demir, Z., Tursun, N., & Işık, D. (2019). Effects of different cover crops on soil quality parameters and yield in an apricot orchard. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 21(2), 399-408. https://doi:10.17957/IJAB/15.0000
  • Demir, Z., & Işık, D. (2020). The impact of different cover crops, mechanical cultivation and herbicide treatment on the soil quality variables and yield in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard with a coarse-textured soil. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 26(4), 452-470. https://doi:10.15832/ankutbd.527445
  • Demir, Z. (2020). Quantifying some physical properties and organic matter of soils under different management systems in cherry orchard. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 9(3), 208-221. https://doi:10.18393/ejss.726906
  • Demiralay, İ. (1993). Toprak fiziksel analizleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 143, 131, Erzurum.
  • Dexter, A. R. (2004). Soil physical quality. Part I. Theory, Effects of Soil Texture, Density, and Organic Matter, and Effects on Root Growth. Geoderma, 120, 201-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2003.09.004
  • Dixon, J. B., & Weed, S. B. (eds) (1989). Minerals in soil environment. SSSA book series no. 1. SSSA, Madison.
  • Doran, J. W. (2002). Soil health and global sustainability: translating science into practice. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment, 88, 119-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(01)00246-8
  • Ferry, D. M., & Olsen, R. A. (1975). Orientation of clay particles as it relates to crusting of soil. Soil Science, 120(5), 367–375. https://doi:10.1097/00010694-197511000-00008
  • Gülser, C. (2006). Effect of forage cropping treatments on soil structure and relationships with fractal dimensions. Geoderma 131, 33-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.03.004
  • Hazelton, P., & Murphy, B. (2016). Interpreting soil test results: What do all the numbers mean? CSIRO Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1071/9781486303977.
  • Hillel, D. (1982). Introduction to Soil Physics. Academic Press Limited, 24-28 Oval Road, London.
  • Hillel, D. (1998). Environmental soil physics. Academic Press, San Diego, 771 pp.
  • Jalali, M. (2008). Effect of sodium and magnesium on kinetics of potassium release in some calcareous soils of western Iran. Geoderma, 145, 207–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.03.005
  • Kacar, B. (1994). Chemical analyses of plant and soil: III. Soil Analyses, Publications of Agricultural Faculty of Ankara University: 3 Ankara, Turkey.
  • Krull, E. S., Baldock, J. A., & Skjemstad, J. O. (2003). Importance of mechanisms and processes of the stabilization of soil organic matter for modelling carbon turnover. Functional Plant Biology 30, 207-222. https://doi.org/10.1071/FP02085
  • Legout, C., Leguedois, S., & Le Bissonnais, Y. (2005). Aggregate breakdown dynamics under rainfall compared with aggregate stability measurements. European Journal of Soil Science, 56, 225-237. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00663.x
  • Leifeld, J., Bassin, S., & Fuhrer, J. (2005). Carbon stocks in Swiss agricultural soils predicted by land-use, soil characteristics, and altitude. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 105, 255–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2004.03.006
  • Lestariningsih, I. D., Widianto, & Hairiah, K. (2013). Assessing soil compaction with two different methods of soil bulk density measurement in oil palm plantation soil. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 17, 172-178. https://doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2013.02.026
  • Li, P., Zhang, T., Wang, X., & Yu, D. (2013). Development of biological soil quality indicator system for subtropical China. Soil and Tillage Research, 126, 112-118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2012.07.011
  • Mamedov, A. I., Shainberg, I., & Levy, G. J. (2002). Wetting rate and sodicity effects on interrill erosion from semi-arid Israeli soils. Soil and Tillage Research, 68, 121–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-1987(02)00115-0
  • Mukherjee, A., & Zimmerman, A. R. (2013). Organic carbon and nutrient release from a range of laboratory-produced biochars and biochar–soil mixtures. Geoderma (193-194), 122-130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.10.002
  • Makovníková, J., Širáň M., Houšková B., Pálka B., & Jones A. (2017). Comparison of different models for predicting soil bulk density. Case study - Slovakian agricultural soils. International Agrophysics, 31(4), 491–498. https://doi.org/10.1515/intag-2016-0079.
  • Oades, J. M. (1989). An introduction to organic matter in mineral soils. p. 89-159. In J.B. Dixon and S.B. Weed (ed.) Minerals in soil environments. 2nd ed. SSSA, Madison, WI.
  • Özdemir, N. (2013). Soil and water conservation. Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Agriculture publications, No:22, 3rd Edition, Samsun, Turkey.
  • Parfitt, R. L., Eason, C. T., Morgan, A. J., Wright, G. R., & Burke, C. M. (1994). The fate of sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) in soil and water. Pages 59-66 in Seawright, A.A., Eason, C.T. editors. Proceedings of the Science Workshop on 1080, 12-14 December 1993, Christchurch, New Zealand. Royal Society of New Zealand, Wellington.
  • Parlak, M., Alatürk, F., Parlak, A. Ö. & Gökkuş, A. (2015). Effect of Different Improvement Applications to Soil Erosion in Shrubby Rangelands of Gökçeada (Çanakkale). ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(1), 123-132.
  • Post, W. M., Emmanuel, W. R., Zinke, P. J., & Stangenberger, A. G. (1982). Soil carbon pools and world life zones. Nature, 298, 156-159.
  • Rao, P. S. C., & Wagenet, R. J. (1985). Spatial variability of field soils: Methods for data analysis and consequences. Weed Science, 33, 18-24.
  • Rao, V. A. P., Naidu, M. V. S., Ramavatharam, N., & Rama Rao, G. (2008). Characterization, classification and evaluation of soils on different landforms in Ramachandrapuram mandal of Chittoor district in Andhra Pradesh for sustainable land use planning. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 56, 23-33.
  • Rice, C. W. (2006). Organic matter and nutrient dynamics. Encyclopedia of Soil Science, 2, 1180-1183.
  • Ruehlmann, J., & Körschens, M. (2009). Calculating the effect of soil organic matter concentration on soil bulk density. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 73(3), 876-885. https://doi:10.2136/sssaj2007.0149
  • Saidi, D. (2012). Relationship between cation exchange capacity and the saline phase of Cheliff sol. Agricultural Science, 3(3), 434-443. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2012.33051
  • Sağlam, T. (1997). Soil chemistry. Trakya University, Tekirdag Faculty of Agriculture, Publication No: 190, Tekirdag, Turkey.
  • Shahid, S. A., Zaman, M., Heng, L. (2018). Soil salinity: Historical perspectives and a world overview of the problem. In guideline for salinity assessment, mitigation and adaptation using nuclear and related techniques, 1st ed.; Zaman, M., Shahid, S.A., Heng, L., Eds.; Springer Nature: Cham, Switzerland, 1, 43–53.
  • Soil Survey Staff. (1993). Soil survey manual. IICA CO 631.4 S6831s 1952.
  • Tufa, M., Melese, A., & Tena, W. (2019). Effects of land use types on selected soil physical and chemical properties: The case of Kuyu District, Ethiopia. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 8(2): 94 - 109. https://doi:10.18393/ejss.510744
  • Wang, Q., Li, Y., & Klassen, W. (2005). Determination of cation exchange capacity on low to highly calcareous soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 36, 1479-1498. https://doi.org/10.1081/CSS-200058493
  • Wischmeier, W. H., & Smith, D. D. (1978). Predicting rainfall erosion loses a guide to conservation planning. United States Department of Agronomy, Agriculture Handbook No:557, Washington, USA.
  • Yimer, F., Ledin, S., & Abdelkadir, A. (2007). Changes in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents in three adjacent land-use types in the Bale Mountains, south-eastern highlands of Ethiopia. Forest Ecology and Management 242 (2/3), 337–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.01.087
  • Yu, J., Wang, Z., Meixner, F. X., Yang, F., Wu, H., & Chen, X. (2010). Biogeochemical characterizations and reclamation strategies of saline sodic soil in northeastern China. CLEAN–Soil, Air, Water, 38, 1010–1016. https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.201000276
  • Zeraatpishe, M., & Khormali, F. (2012). Carbon stock and mineral factors controlling soil organic carbon in a climatic gradient, Golestan Province. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-95162012005000022
  • Zhang, X., & Norton, L. (2002). Effect of exchangeable Mg on saturated hydraulic conductivity, disaggregation and clay dispersion of disturbed soils. Journal of Hydrology, 260(1-4), 194–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1694(01)00612-6
There are 58 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Nutullah Özdemir This is me 0000-0003-2554-3485

Zeynep Demir 0000-0002-7589-3216

Elif Bülbül This is me 0000-0003-4146-2319

Publication Date December 13, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Özdemir, N., Demir, Z., & Bülbül, E. (2022). Relationships between some soil properties and bulk density under different land use. Soil Studies, 11(2), 43-50. https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1218353