Beur Yazını ve Verlan Dili: Fransa’daki Kuzey Afrika Göç(er) Söylemi

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 329 - 350, 29.12.2020

Ali Tilbe , Yusuf Topaloğlu

https://doi.org/10.29110/soylemdergi.760335

Abstract

1980’li yıllarda, adını Arap sözcüğünün hecelerinin yer değiştirilmesiyle elde edilen Verlan Dili ile bu süreçte gelişen Beur Yazını, yeni bir yazar kuşağını yazın evrenine taşımıştır. Beur yazını, Kuzey Afrika kökenli ya da Fransa'da doğup büyüyen Kuzey Afrika göçerlerinin özgün söylemidir. Göçün etkisiyle sömürgecilik sonrası ortaya çıkan bu yazınsal akımın romanlarının genç anlatı kişileri, sürekli bir iç çatışma içinde olup, iki ekin, iki yaşam ve iki toplum arasında algılanan göç acısı, eşitsizlik ve sömürgeleştirme duygusu içinde parçalanırlar. Özellikle 2005 yılından başlayarak, Yörekent Yazını, daha sonra da Çağdaş Kent Yazını ya da Dünya-Yazını olarak tanımlanan metinler, yazın ve dilbilim dünyasında bütünüyle yeni bir araştırma ve eleştiri nesnesi olarak belirmiştir. Beur Yazını romanlarında yazar, farklı kökenlerden, ekinlerden ve Arapça, Berber, Afrika ve Karayip ile Çingene dillerinden oluşan toplulukların dil uygulamalarını birlikte kullanarak çoğul ve karma yeni bir dilsel / söylemsel uzam oluşturmuştur. Biz bu çalışmada Mağrip ülkelerinden ulusötesi göç sonrası Fransa’da gelişen Beur yazını ve Verlan dilini, tarihsel ve kuramsal bağlamda incelemeyi amaçlıyoruz.

Beur literature and Verlan language: North African Mover Discourse in France

In the 1980s, Beur literature, whose name was derived by the displacement of syllables of the Arabic word, referred to as the Verlan language, carried a new generation of writers into the literary universe. Beur literature is the narrative language of North African movers/immigrants of North African descent or born and raised in France. The young narrative persons of the novels of this literary current, which are brought about by the influence of mobility, are in constant internal conflict, falling apart in a sense of perceived mobility burden, inequality, and colonization between two cultures, two lives, and two societies. Especially beginning in 2005, texts described as suburban literature have emerged as an entirely new object of research and criticism in the world of literature and linguistics. In Beur literature novels, the author has created a new linguistic space, plural and mixed, using the linguistic practices of communities of different origins, cultures and languages such as Arabic, Berber, African and Caribbean languages, and the languages of the Gypsy genre together. In this study, we aim to focus on the main aspects of bilingualism, multiculturalism, the search for identity, double alienation, expatriation, acculturation and harmony that the representatives of this paper focus on, after examining the Beur literature that developed in the Francophone literature with its historical and theoretical dimensions.

Keywords

Beur yazını, Verlan Dili, Çok kültürlülük, Çok dillilik, Kültür(süz)leşme, Mağrip göçerleri, Beur Literature, Verlan Language, Multiculturalism, Multilingualism, Acculturation, Maghreb Movers.

Beur Literature and Verlan Language: North African Mover Discourse In France

Abstract

In the 1980s, Beur literature, whose name was derived by the displacement of syllables of the Arabic word, referred to as the Verlan language, carried a new generation of writers into the literary universe. Beur literature is the narrative language of North African movers/immigrants of North African descent or born and raised in France. The young narrative persons of the novels of this literary current, which are brought about by the influence of mobility, are in constant internal conflict, falling apart in a sense of perceived mobility burden, inequality, and colonization between two cultures, two lives, and two societies. Especially beginning in 2005, texts described as suburban literature have emerged as an entirely new object of research and criticism in the world of literature and linguistics. In Beur literature novels, the author has created a new linguistic space, plural and mixed, using the linguistic practices of communities of different origins, cultures and languages such as Arabic, Berber, African and Caribbean languages, and the languages of the Gypsy genre together. In this study, we aim to focus on the main aspects of bilingualism, multiculturalism, the search for identity, double alienation, expatriation, acculturation and harmony that the representatives of this paper focus on, after examining the Beur literature that developed in the Francophone literature with its historical and theoretical dimensions.

Keywords

Beur literature, Verlan language, Multiculturalism, Multilingualism, Acculturation

References

• Álvares, C. (2015). D’une Littérature Mal Nommée. Francophonies et théories, Maghrebs. https://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/38980/1/litt%C3%A9rature%20beur adresinden 08.08.2019 tarihinde alındı.