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Rekreatif spor kaya tırmanışının 14 yaşındaki bireylerde durumluk ve sürekli kaygı üzerine etkileri

Year 2016, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 243 - 250, 01.08.2016
https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000301

Abstract

Düzenli fiziksel aktivitenin kaygı ve ona bağlı psikolojik rahatsızlıkları kontrol etmedeki etkinliği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı sekiz hafta süresince haftada bir gün ve günde 3 saat rekreatif olarak yapılan spor kaya tırmanışı (SKT) etkinliğinin 14 yaşındaki bireylerde durumluk ve sürekli kaygıyı nasıl etkilediğini incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya Ankara’da bir devlet okuluna devam eden 14 öğrenci (sekiz kız ve 6 erkek) gönüllü olarak katıldı. Araştırmanın ilk günü katılımcılara temel tırmanış kuralları ve malzeme bilgisi anlatıldı. SKT etkinliğinin ilk ve son günleri, tırmanışlardan 20 dk öncesine kadar Durumluk ve Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (DSKE) dolduruldu. Tırmanışlar 12 m yüksekliğindeki yapay tırmanış duvarında, üstten emniyetli yöntem ile gerçekleştirildi. DSKE ön ve son test karşılaştırması için ilk olarak verilerin dağılımı incelendi. Veriler normal dağılım gösterdiğinden, ortalama karşılaştırması Bağımlı Örneklem t-Testi ile analiz edildi. Bulgulara göre katılımcıların durumluk kaygı puanları 59,57 ± 5,27’den 55,79 ± 3,95’e (% 6,35, p< 0,001) ve sürekli kaygı puanları da 53,64 ± 6,52’den 51,57 ± 7,23’e geriledi (% 3,86, p= 0,121). Sonuç olarak, rekreatif olarak sekiz hafta boyunca haftada bir gün ve günde 3 saat yapılan SKT etkinliğinin özellikle durumluk kaygıda anlamlı azalmaya neden olduğu, bununla birlikte istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmasa da sürekli kaygıda da azalma sağladığı anlaşıldı

References

  • Aidar FJ, Oliveira RJ, Silva AJ, et al. (2012): The influence of resistance exercise training on the levels of anxiety in ischemic stroke. Stroke Res Treat, 2012, 1-7.
  • Aras D, Ewert AW (2016): The effects of eight weeks sport rock climbing training on anxiety. Acta Medica Mediterranea, 32, 223-230.
  • Arazi H, Benar N, Esfanjani RM, et al. (2012): The effect of an aerobic training on perceived stress, anxiety and depression of non-athlete Acta Kinesiol, 6(2), 7‐12. students.
  • Asmundson GJG, Fetzner MG, DeBoer LB, et al. (2013): Let’s get physical: A contemporary review of the anxiolytic effects of exercise for anxiety and its disorders. Depression and Anxiety, 30, 362- 373.
  • Bayar P (2010): Türkiyede kullanılan egzersiz ve spor psikolojisi testleri. Gündüz Eğitim ve Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Broman-Fulks JJ, Berman ME, Rabian BA, et al. (2004): Effects of aerobic exercise on anxiety sensitivity. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42, 125-136.
  • Camacho TC, Roberts RE, Lazarus NB, et al. (1996): Physical activity and depression: evidence from the Alameda County Study. Am J Epidemiol, 13, 220-231.
  • Carraro A, Gobbi E (2012): Effects of an exercise programme on anxiety in adults with intellectual disabilities. Res Dev Disabil, 33, 1221-1226.
  • DuPont RL, Rice DP, Miller LS, et al. (1996): Economic cost of anxiety disorders. Anxiety, 2, 167-172.
  • Feskanich D, Willett W, Colditz G (2002): Walking and leisure-time activity and risk of hip fracture in postmenopausal women. JAMA, 288(18), 2300-2306.
  • Freitas DP, Haida A, Bousquet M, et al. (2011): Short term impact of a 4-week intensive cardiac rehabilitation program on quality of life and anxiety-depression. Ann Phys Rehabil Med, 54(3), 132-143.
  • Giles LV, Rhodes EC, Taunton JE (2006): The physiology of rock climbing. Sports Med, 36(6), 529-545.
  • Goodin BR, McGuire LM, Stapleton LM, et al. (2009): Pain catastro- phizing mediates the relationship between self- reported strenuous exercise involvement and pain ratings: Moderating role of anxiety sensitivity. Psychosom Med, 71, 1018-1025.
  • Guszkowska M, Sionek S (2009): Changes in mood states and selected personality traits in women participating in a 12-week exercise program. Human Movement, 10(2), 163-169.
  • Haskell WL, Lee IM, Pate RR, et al. (2007): Physical activity and public health: updated recommendation College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation, 39(8), 1423-1434. the American
  • Herring MP, O’Connor PJ, Dishman RK (2010): The effect of exercise training on anxiety systematic review. Arch Intern Med, 170, 321-331. among patients:
  • Hodgson CI, Draper N, McMorris T, et al. (2008): Perceived anxiety and plasma cortisol concentrations following rock climbing with different safety rope protocols. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(7), 531-535.
  • Jayakody R, Danziger S, Kessler RC (1988): Early onset psychiatric disorders and male socioeconomic status. Soc Sci Res, 27(4), 371 387.
  • Judd LL (1988): The clinical course of unipolar major depressive disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 54, 989-991.
  • Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, et al. (2005): Lifetime prevalence and age-off- onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 62, 593-602.
  • Kessler RC, Foster CL, Saunders WB, et al. (1995): Social consequences of psychiatric disorders I: Educational attainment. Am J Psychiatry, 152(7), 1026-1032.
  • Leitzmann MF, Rimm EB, Willett WC, et al. (1999): Recreational physical activity and the risk of cholecystectomy in women. N Engl J Med, 341(11), 777-784.
  • McWilliams LA, Asmundson GJG (2001): Is there a negative association between anxiety sensitivity and arousal-increasing substances and activities? J Anxiety Disord, 15, 161-170.
  • Mehnert A, Veers S, Howaldt D, et al. (2011): Effects of a physical exercise rehabilitation group program on anxiety, depression, body image, and health related quality of life among breast cancer patients. Onkologie, 34(5), 248-253.
  • Mystakidou K, Tsilika E, Parpa E, et al. (2005): Assessment of anxiety and depression in advanced cancer patients and their relationship with quality of life. Qual Life Res, 14, 1825-1833.
  • Nieuwenfuys A, Pijpers JR, Oudejans RRD, et al. (2008): The influence of anxiety on visual attention in climbing. J Sport Exerc Psychol, 30(2), 171-185.
  • O’Connor PJ, Raglin JS, Martinsen EW (2000): Physical activity, anxiety and anxiety disorders. Int J Sport Psychol, 31, 136-155.
  • Öner N, LeCompte A (1985): Durumluk- Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri El Kitabı. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 1-2.
  • Paffenbarger RS, Lee IM, Leung R (1994): Physical characteristics associated with depression and suicide in American college men. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl, 377, 16-22. personal
  • Romero VS, Ruiz JR, Ortega FBF, et al. (2009): Body fat measurement in elite sport climbers: Comparison of skinfold thickness equations absorpyiometery. Journal of Sport Sciences, 27(5), 469-477. energy x-ray
  • Schöffl V, Morrison A, Schwarz U, et al. (2010): Evaluation of injury and fatality risk in rock and ice climbing. Sports Med, 40(8), 657-679.
  • Sevinç D, Kishalı NF, Colak M (2014): Effects of 8 week step-aerobic exercises on (state-trait) anxiety levels quality of life of women. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 16(3), 31-35.
  • Shaw WD, Jakus PM (1996): Travel cost models of the demand for rock climbing. Agr Resource Econ Rev, 25(2), 133-142.
  • Smits JA, Zvolensky MJ (2006): Emotional vulnerability as a function of physical activity among individuals with panic disorder. Depress Anxiety, 23, 102-106.
  • Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Linzer M, et al. (1995): Health-related quality of life in primary care patients with mental disorders. Results from the prime-md 1000 study. JAMA, 274(19), 1511-1517.
  • Strohle A (2009): Physical activity, exercise, depression and anxiety disorders. (2009). J Neural Transm, 116, 777-784.
  • Tekur P, Nagarathna R, Chametcha S, et al. (2012): A comprehensive yoga programs improves pain, anxiety and depression in chronic low back pain patients more than exercise: an rct. Complement Ther Med, 20(3), 107-118.
  • Vancampfort D, Probst M, Scheewe T, et al. (2011): Lack of Physical Activity during leisure time contributes to an impaired health related quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res, 129, 122- 127.
  • Wenger NK, Froelicher ES, Smith LK, et al. (1995): Cardiac rehabilitation as secondary prevention. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Clin Pract Guidel Quick Ref Guide Clin, 17, 1-23.
  • Wipfli BM, Landers D, Nagoshi C, et al. (2011): An examination of serotonin and psychological variables in the relationship between exercise and mental health. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 21(3), 474-481.
  • Wipfli BM, Rethorst CD, Landers DM (2008): The anxiolytic effects of exercise: a meta-analysis of randomized trials and dose- response analysis. J Sport Exerc Psychol, 30:, 392-410.

THE EFFECTS OF RECREATIVE SPORT ROCK CLIMBING ON STATE AND TRAIT ANXIETY IN 14 YEAR-OLD INDIVIDUALS

Year 2016, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 243 - 250, 01.08.2016
https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000301

Abstract

The efficiency of regular physical activity to control anxiety and psychological disorders related to anxiety is well established. The purpose of this study was to investigate how recreational sport rock climbing (SRC) affects state and trait anxiety in 14 year-old individuals when it’s done for 8 weeks, once a week 3 hours per session. A total of 14 (8 girls and 6 boys) students, who attend a public school in Ankara, participated in the study voluntarily. On the first day of the study, participants were taught basic climbing rules and equipment. State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was filled out by participants on the first and last days of SRC activities until 20 minutes before the climbs. All climbing activities were performed on the 12-metre-high artificial climbing wall by using top-rope method. To analyze the pre-test and post-test mean differences of STAI, the distribution of data was examined first. As the data showed normal distribution, the mean differences were analyzed with Paired Sample t-Test. According to the findings, the state anxiety scores of participants decreased from 59,57 ± 5,27 to 55,79 ± 3,95 (6,35 %, p< 0,001), and trait anxiety scores from 53,64 ± 6,52 to 51,57 ± 7,23 (3,86 %, p= 0,121). As a result, it was understood that recreational SRC, when it is done for eight weeks, once a week and 3 hours per session, provides significant decrease on state anxiety along with an insignificant decrease on trait anxiety as well

References

  • Aidar FJ, Oliveira RJ, Silva AJ, et al. (2012): The influence of resistance exercise training on the levels of anxiety in ischemic stroke. Stroke Res Treat, 2012, 1-7.
  • Aras D, Ewert AW (2016): The effects of eight weeks sport rock climbing training on anxiety. Acta Medica Mediterranea, 32, 223-230.
  • Arazi H, Benar N, Esfanjani RM, et al. (2012): The effect of an aerobic training on perceived stress, anxiety and depression of non-athlete Acta Kinesiol, 6(2), 7‐12. students.
  • Asmundson GJG, Fetzner MG, DeBoer LB, et al. (2013): Let’s get physical: A contemporary review of the anxiolytic effects of exercise for anxiety and its disorders. Depression and Anxiety, 30, 362- 373.
  • Bayar P (2010): Türkiyede kullanılan egzersiz ve spor psikolojisi testleri. Gündüz Eğitim ve Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Broman-Fulks JJ, Berman ME, Rabian BA, et al. (2004): Effects of aerobic exercise on anxiety sensitivity. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42, 125-136.
  • Camacho TC, Roberts RE, Lazarus NB, et al. (1996): Physical activity and depression: evidence from the Alameda County Study. Am J Epidemiol, 13, 220-231.
  • Carraro A, Gobbi E (2012): Effects of an exercise programme on anxiety in adults with intellectual disabilities. Res Dev Disabil, 33, 1221-1226.
  • DuPont RL, Rice DP, Miller LS, et al. (1996): Economic cost of anxiety disorders. Anxiety, 2, 167-172.
  • Feskanich D, Willett W, Colditz G (2002): Walking and leisure-time activity and risk of hip fracture in postmenopausal women. JAMA, 288(18), 2300-2306.
  • Freitas DP, Haida A, Bousquet M, et al. (2011): Short term impact of a 4-week intensive cardiac rehabilitation program on quality of life and anxiety-depression. Ann Phys Rehabil Med, 54(3), 132-143.
  • Giles LV, Rhodes EC, Taunton JE (2006): The physiology of rock climbing. Sports Med, 36(6), 529-545.
  • Goodin BR, McGuire LM, Stapleton LM, et al. (2009): Pain catastro- phizing mediates the relationship between self- reported strenuous exercise involvement and pain ratings: Moderating role of anxiety sensitivity. Psychosom Med, 71, 1018-1025.
  • Guszkowska M, Sionek S (2009): Changes in mood states and selected personality traits in women participating in a 12-week exercise program. Human Movement, 10(2), 163-169.
  • Haskell WL, Lee IM, Pate RR, et al. (2007): Physical activity and public health: updated recommendation College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation, 39(8), 1423-1434. the American
  • Herring MP, O’Connor PJ, Dishman RK (2010): The effect of exercise training on anxiety systematic review. Arch Intern Med, 170, 321-331. among patients:
  • Hodgson CI, Draper N, McMorris T, et al. (2008): Perceived anxiety and plasma cortisol concentrations following rock climbing with different safety rope protocols. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(7), 531-535.
  • Jayakody R, Danziger S, Kessler RC (1988): Early onset psychiatric disorders and male socioeconomic status. Soc Sci Res, 27(4), 371 387.
  • Judd LL (1988): The clinical course of unipolar major depressive disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 54, 989-991.
  • Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, et al. (2005): Lifetime prevalence and age-off- onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 62, 593-602.
  • Kessler RC, Foster CL, Saunders WB, et al. (1995): Social consequences of psychiatric disorders I: Educational attainment. Am J Psychiatry, 152(7), 1026-1032.
  • Leitzmann MF, Rimm EB, Willett WC, et al. (1999): Recreational physical activity and the risk of cholecystectomy in women. N Engl J Med, 341(11), 777-784.
  • McWilliams LA, Asmundson GJG (2001): Is there a negative association between anxiety sensitivity and arousal-increasing substances and activities? J Anxiety Disord, 15, 161-170.
  • Mehnert A, Veers S, Howaldt D, et al. (2011): Effects of a physical exercise rehabilitation group program on anxiety, depression, body image, and health related quality of life among breast cancer patients. Onkologie, 34(5), 248-253.
  • Mystakidou K, Tsilika E, Parpa E, et al. (2005): Assessment of anxiety and depression in advanced cancer patients and their relationship with quality of life. Qual Life Res, 14, 1825-1833.
  • Nieuwenfuys A, Pijpers JR, Oudejans RRD, et al. (2008): The influence of anxiety on visual attention in climbing. J Sport Exerc Psychol, 30(2), 171-185.
  • O’Connor PJ, Raglin JS, Martinsen EW (2000): Physical activity, anxiety and anxiety disorders. Int J Sport Psychol, 31, 136-155.
  • Öner N, LeCompte A (1985): Durumluk- Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri El Kitabı. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 1-2.
  • Paffenbarger RS, Lee IM, Leung R (1994): Physical characteristics associated with depression and suicide in American college men. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl, 377, 16-22. personal
  • Romero VS, Ruiz JR, Ortega FBF, et al. (2009): Body fat measurement in elite sport climbers: Comparison of skinfold thickness equations absorpyiometery. Journal of Sport Sciences, 27(5), 469-477. energy x-ray
  • Schöffl V, Morrison A, Schwarz U, et al. (2010): Evaluation of injury and fatality risk in rock and ice climbing. Sports Med, 40(8), 657-679.
  • Sevinç D, Kishalı NF, Colak M (2014): Effects of 8 week step-aerobic exercises on (state-trait) anxiety levels quality of life of women. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 16(3), 31-35.
  • Shaw WD, Jakus PM (1996): Travel cost models of the demand for rock climbing. Agr Resource Econ Rev, 25(2), 133-142.
  • Smits JA, Zvolensky MJ (2006): Emotional vulnerability as a function of physical activity among individuals with panic disorder. Depress Anxiety, 23, 102-106.
  • Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Linzer M, et al. (1995): Health-related quality of life in primary care patients with mental disorders. Results from the prime-md 1000 study. JAMA, 274(19), 1511-1517.
  • Strohle A (2009): Physical activity, exercise, depression and anxiety disorders. (2009). J Neural Transm, 116, 777-784.
  • Tekur P, Nagarathna R, Chametcha S, et al. (2012): A comprehensive yoga programs improves pain, anxiety and depression in chronic low back pain patients more than exercise: an rct. Complement Ther Med, 20(3), 107-118.
  • Vancampfort D, Probst M, Scheewe T, et al. (2011): Lack of Physical Activity during leisure time contributes to an impaired health related quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res, 129, 122- 127.
  • Wenger NK, Froelicher ES, Smith LK, et al. (1995): Cardiac rehabilitation as secondary prevention. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Clin Pract Guidel Quick Ref Guide Clin, 17, 1-23.
  • Wipfli BM, Landers D, Nagoshi C, et al. (2011): An examination of serotonin and psychological variables in the relationship between exercise and mental health. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 21(3), 474-481.
  • Wipfli BM, Rethorst CD, Landers DM (2008): The anxiolytic effects of exercise: a meta-analysis of randomized trials and dose- response analysis. J Sport Exerc Psychol, 30:, 392-410.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA44AU34CZ
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Dicle Aras This is me

Nevin Gündüz This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Aras, D., & Gündüz, N. (2016). Rekreatif spor kaya tırmanışının 14 yaşındaki bireylerde durumluk ve sürekli kaygı üzerine etkileri. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 243-250. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000301

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