THE DETERMINE OF REPETITIVE SPRINT DURATIONS, FATIGUE INDEXES AND RECOVERY CONDITIONS OF THE STAR AND YOUNG MALE FOOTBALL PLAYERS

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 1 - 11, 31.12.2021

Semra Çetin , Bünyamin Çayırtepe Hasan Nedim Çetin

https://doi.org/10.52272/srad.980846

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the Repetitive Sprint Times, Fatigue Indexes and Recovery Status of Junior and Young Male Footballers.
Method: 21 players from the stars category and 23 players from the youth category, who play football in the regional amateur league and train at least 5 days a week, were included in the study. Bangsbo 34.2 meters sprint test was done. Independent t-test was used for statistical operations.
Findings: While the age of the star football players in the study was 16.41 years, height 162.32 cm and body weight 59.23 kg, the age of the young football players was 19.85 years, height 172.61 cm and body weight 68.05 kg. The differences between the age, height and body weights of the star and young male football players were significant (p>0.05 and p<0.001). While the average time of 7 runs was 6.59 seconds for young people, it was 7.45 seconds for star football players. Again, the average running time, depending on the running number, was 6.56 seconds in the first running time, while the last running time increased to 6.73 seconds. While the first run time in the stars was 7.16 seconds, the last run time increased to 7.62 seconds. While the average running speed depending on the run number was 5.22 m/sec in the first run, it decreased to 5.08 m/sec in the last run. In the stars, the speed which was 4.78 m/s in the first run decreased to 4.49 m/sec in the last run. The difference between the running times in each run was significant (p<0.001) in juniors and stars. The number of heart beats per minute differed significantly between sprints, between stars and young people, at the beginning, the end of the run, and the last quarter of the recovery run, which are considered to be different stages of sprint runs (p<0.001). The average of the first 2 sprints was 6.56 seconds for young football players and 7.21 seconds for star football players, and the average of the last two sprints was 6.65 seconds for young players and 7.59 seconds for stars. The fatigue index was found to be 0.09 seconds in young people and 0.38 in stars. At the end of the runs, the number of heart beats per minute during recovery was significantly different in young football players compared to star football players (p<0.05 and p<0.001).
Conclusion: In young male football players, the level of speed, speed and recovery was found to be better in 25 seconds of active rest run and 34.2 meters long repetitive runs. In young soccer players, less than 25 seconds of active rest can be given in repetitive sprints to improve sprint and speed continuity. In star football players, the active rest period between sprints should be more than 25 seconds.
Keywords: Football, test, fatigue, recovery, sprint

Anahtar Kelimeler

Football, test, fatigue, recovery, sprint

YILDIZ VE GENÇ ERKEK FUTBOLCULARIN TEKRARLI SPRİNT ZAMANLARI, YORGUNLUK İNDEKSLERİ İLE TOPARLANMA DURUMLARININ BELİRLENMESİ

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı yıldız ve genç erkek futbolcuların tekrarlı sprint zamanları, yorgunluk indeksleri ile toparlanma durumlarının belirlenmesidir.
Yöntem: Bölgesel amatör ligde futbol oynayan ve haftada en az 5 gün antrenman yapan yıldızlar kategorisinden 21 ve gençler kategorisinden 23 futbolcu çalışmaya alınmıştır. Bangsbo 34,2 metre sprint testi yaptırıldı. İstatistiksel işlemlerde bağımsız t-testi uygulandı.
Bulgular: Çalışmadaki Yıldız futbolcuların yaşı 16,41 yıl, boy uzunluğu 162,32 cm ve vücut ağırlığı 59,23 kg iken genç futbolcularda yaş 19,85 yıl, boy uzunluğu 172,61 cm ve vücut ağırlığı 68,05 kg bulunmuştur. Yıldız ve genç erkek futbolcuların yaş, boy ve vücut ağırlıkları arasındaki farklılıklar anlamlı bulunmuştur (p>0,05 ve p<0,001). 7 koşunun ortalama zamanı gençlerde 6,59 sn iken yıldız futbolcularda 7,45 sn olarak bulunmuştur. Yine koşu numarasına bağlı ortalama koşu zamanı gençlerde ilk koşu zamanı 6,56 sn iken son koşu zamanı 6,73 saniyeye çıkmıştır. Yıldızlarda ilk koşu zamanı 7,16 sn iken son koşu zamanı 7,62 saniyeye çıkmıştır. Koşu numarasına bağlı ortalama koşu hızı gençlerde ilk koşuda 5,22 m/sn iken son koşuda 5,08 m/sn’ye düşmüştür. Yıldızlarda ilk koşuda 4,78 m/sn olan hız son koşuda 4,49 m/sn’ye düşmüştür. Gençler ve yıldızlarda her koşudaki koşu zamanları arasındaki fark anlamlıdır (p<0,001). Sürat koşularının farklı safhaları olarak kabul edilen koşunun başlangıcı, bitimi ve toparlanma koşusunun son çeyreğinde yıldızlar ve gençler arasında, sprintler arasında dakika kalp atım sayısı anlamlı düzeyde değişmektedir (p<0.001). İlk 2 Sprint Ortalaması genç futbolcularda 6,56 sn ve yıldız futbolcularda 7,21 sn ve son iki sprint ortalaması gençlerde 6,65 sn ve yıldızlarda 7,59 sn olarak bulunmuştur. Yorgunluk indeksi ise gençlerde 0,09 sn ve yıldızlarda 0,38 olarak bulunmuştur. Koşular bitiminde toparlanma sırasında dakika kalp atım sayısı genç futbolcularda yıldız futbolculara göre anlamlı şekilde farklıdır (p<0,05 ve p<0,001). Genç erkek futbolcularda 25 saniye aktif dinlenme koşusuyla 34,2 metre uzunluğunda tekrarlı koşularda hız, sürat ve toparlanmanın düzeyi yıldız futbolculardan daha iyi bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Genç futbolcu erkeklerde sürat ve süratte devamlılığı geliştirmek için tekrarlı sprintlerde 25 saniyeden daha az aktif dinlenme verilebilir. Yıldız futbolcularda ise sprintler arası aktif dinlenme süresi 25 saniyeden daha fazla olmalıdır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Futbol, test, yorgunluk, toparlanma, sprint

Anahtar Kelimeler

Futbol, Test, Yorgunluk, Toparlanma, Sprint

Kaynakça

• Abt, G., Siegler, JC., Akubat, I., Castagna, C. (2011). “The effects of a constant sprint-to-rest ratio an recovery mode on repeated sprint performance”. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25,1695-1702.
• Aybek, S., Ağaoğlu, Y.S., Ağaoğlu, A., Eker, H. (2004). “Amatör Futbolcuların Tekrarlı Sprint Testi ile Yorgunluk ve Toparlanma Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi”. Ankara Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve spor Yüksekokulu Spormetre Dergisi,:171
• Bale, P., Mayhew, J. L., Piper, F.C., Ball, T.E., & Willman, M.K. (1992). “Biological and performance Variables İn Relation To Age İn Male And Female Adolescent Athletes”. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 32(2), 142–8. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1434582
• Balsom, PD., Seger, JY., Sjodin, B., Ekblom, B. (1992). “Maximal – İntensity İntermittent Exercise: Effect of Recovery Duration”. International Journal of Sport Medicine, 13,528-533.
• Bangsbo, J., Mohr, M., Krustrup, P., (2006). Physical and metabolic demands of training and match-play in the elite football player. Journal of Sports Science 24(7): 665- 674
• Bangsbo, J. (1994). “Fitness Training in Football-A Scientific Approach”. Bagsvaerd, Denmark, HO.Storm.
• Billaut, F., Basset, AF. (2007). “Effect of Different Recovery Patterns On Repeated-Sprint Ability And Neuromuscular Responses”. Journal Sports Sciences, 25,905-913.
• Billaut, F., Giacomoni, M., Falgairette, G., (2003). Maximal intermittent cycling exercise: effect of recovery duration and gender. Journal of Applied Physiology, 95, 1632-1637.
• Bishop, D., Girard, O., Mendez-Villanueva, A. (2011). “Repeated Sprint Ability-Part II: Recommendations For Training”. Sports Medicine, 41,741-756.
• Dawson, BG., Fitzsimons, M., Green, S., Goodman, C., Carey, M., Cole, K. (1998). Changes in performance, muscle metabolites, enzymes and fibre types after short sprint training. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 78, 163-169.
• Ekblom, B.(1994) . Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science, Football (Soccer). Blackwell Scientific publications, London, pp, 72-79.
• Günay, M., Yüce, İ.A. (2008). “Futbol Antrenmanının Bilimsel Temelleri”. 3. Baskı: Öz Baran Ofset, Ankara
• Hannes, G. (2007). “Sauerstoffaufnahme während eines Fußballspiels: Eine Fallbeschreibung”, Deutsche Zeıtschrıft Für Sportmedızın, Jahrgang 58, Nr. 3, 83-85.
• Huijgen, B. C. H., Elferink-Gemser, M. T., Post, W., & Visscher, C. (2010). “Development of Dribbling İn Talented Youth Soccer Players Aged 12-19 Years: a Longitudinal Study”. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28(7), 689–698. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640411003645679
• İmamoğlu, O.,Çebi, M.,Yıldız, M. (2018). The Research of Consecutive Sprint, Jump and Leg Strength Relationships in U15 football Players, The Journal of International Social Research,58(11),913-918
• Kin-İşler, A., Arıburun, B., Özkan, A., Aytar, A., Tandogan, RN. (2008). “The Relationship Between Anaerobic Performance, Muscle Strength And Sprint Ability İn American Football Players”. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 16, 87-92.
• Krustrup, P., Mohr, M., Nybo, L., Majgaard, JJ., Nielsen, JJ., Bangsbo, J. (2006). The yo-yo ir2 test: physiological response, reliability, and application to elite soccer. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38, 1666- 1673.
• Laia, F.M., Rampinini, E., Bongsbo, J. (2009). “High-Intensity Training in Football”, International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 4: 291-306.
• Manfred., Grosser (1993). “Konditions -Training. BLV”, Verlagsgesellschaft mbh, München, s.112.
• Mathisen, G.E. (2014). “Effect of High-Speed And Plyometric Training For 13-Year-Old Male Soccer Players On Acceleration And Agility Performance”. Lase Journal of Sport Science, 5(2), 3-13.
• Mohr, M., Krustrup, P., Bangsbo. J. (2003). “Match Performance Of High-Standard Soccer Players With Special Reference To Development Of Fatigue”. Journal of Sports Science, 21,439-449.
• Pinasco, A., Carson, J. (2005). “Preseason conditioning for college soccer” Strength And Conditioning Journal.27.pp.56-62.
• Reilly, T. (1997). “Energetics Of High-İntensity Exercise (Soccer) With Particular Reference To Fatigue” Journal of Sports Sciences. 15.pp.257-263.
• Reilly, Thomas., Atkinson, G., Edwards, B., Waterhouse, J., Farrelly, K., Emma, F., (2007). “Diurnal Variation İn Temperature, Mental And Physical Performance, And Tasks Specifically Related To Football (Soccer)” Chronobiology International.24(3).pp.507-19.
• Reilly, T. (2003). “Motion analysis and physiological demands” In: Williams AM, Reilly T, editors. Science and Soccer. London,:E & FN Spon.pp. 59-72.
• Reilly, T., Williams, A.M. (2003). “Introduction to Science and Soccer”. In ,Science and Soccer (pp. 1–6). https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203417553.
• Reilly, T., Thomas, V. (1976). A motion analysis of work rate in different positional roles in professional football match play, Journal of Human Movement Studies 2(2):87-97.
• Reilly, T. (2007). “The science of training-Soccer”.London, Routledge.
• Rymond, V. (1988). “The Complete Handbook of Conditioning For Soccer”, Unitgeverji Esma, USA.
• Sever, O., Arslanoğlu, E. (2016). “Futbolcularda Yaşa Bağlı Çeviklik, İvmelenme, Sürat Ve Maksimum Sürat İlişkisi”. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 5660-5667. doi:10.14687/jhs.v13i3.4152.
• Stolen, T., Chamari, K., Castagna, C., Wisloff, U., (2005). “Physiology of soccer”, Sports and Med, 35 (6), 501-36.
• Yamak, B., İmamoğlu, O. (2019). Comparison of Repetitive Sprint Performance for the U16 and U18 Category Soccer Players, Universal Journal of Educational Research 7(2): 394-399.
• Zemková, E., & Hamar, D. (2012). “Age-Related Changes in Agility Time in Children and Adolescents”. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online Impact Factor, 3(11),2319–7064.
• Ziyagil, M.A., Zorba, E., Bozatlı, S., İmamoğlu, O. (2014). 6-14 Yaş Grubu Çocuklarda Yaş, Cinsiyet Ve Spor Yapma Alışkanlığının Sürat Ve Anaerobik Güce Etkisi, Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(3), 9-18.